Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 592-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: **VERIFIED (hull identity) / milestone dates UNVERIFIABLE
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lsm-67-lsm67-pkt-592-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LSM-67 (10/14/14067) - construction milestones, campaign table, award ribbon bar, commanding officers, specifications, photographs. History extract credited to 'LSM-LSMR Amphibious Forces, Vol. II' (Turner Publishing, 1997) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/14/14067.htm header block, award ribbons, campaign table, history narrative, specifications block, CO table, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: LSM-1 class; laid down 21 July 1944 at Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX; launched 14 August 1944; commissioned USS LSM-67 on 8 September 1944, LTjg. Kenneth D. Higgins USNR in command. Asiatic-Pacific campaigns: Manila Bay-Bicol operations (Zambales-Subic Bay 29-31 January 1945); Consolidation and Capture of the Southern Philippines (Palawan Islands landings 1-2 March 1945; Mindanao Island landings 12 July 1945); Borneo operation (Brunei Bay 10-14 June 1945). Three battle stars. Ribbon bar: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal (2). Decommissioned 12 June 1946 at Charleston Navy Yard, Charleston, S.C.; struck from the Naval Register, date unknown; sold for scrapping December 1946 to J.C. Berkwit Co., New York, N.Y. Commanding officers: LTjg. K. D. Higgins USNR (8 Sep 1944 - Dec 1945); LTjg. A. Ostrowski USNR (Dec 1945 - Mar 1946); LTjg. W. L. Stearman USNR (Mar - 12 Jun 1946). Photos: builders plate; underway in San Francisco Bay 1945-46 (NHHC photo NH 79850); in floating drydock ABSD-1 at Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides, with USS LSM-218, 17 November 1944 (NHHC photo NH 22082A; second frame also shows LSM-269 and LSM-219); USS LSM-52 and USS LSM-67 embarking Japanese prisoners of war at Pulupandan Beach, Negros Island, Philippines, 6 October 1945 (George F. Crouse collection).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1944); crew (Sep 1944 - Jun 1946); embarked troops on multiple amphibious lifts; Japanese POWs embarked for repatriation (Oct 1945)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation sourced here from the Turner Publishing veterans'-history volume, not a primary registry - milestone dates track official sources where independently checked (corroborated this session by uboat.net, navypedia, and shipbuildinghistory). Contains no asbestos or material content. The campaign table omits the Lingayen Gulf operation even though the ship's own NARA action report (NAID 139864257) documents her unloading Army troops on White Beach #2 on 9 January 1945 under enemy fire - sister hulls in the same flotilla (LSM-52, LSM-219) do credit Lingayen; the three-battle-star figure likely understates credited campaigns.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-01
-
[3]NARA, Record Group 38 (Office of the Chief of Naval Operations), Series: World War II War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories - three ship-titled action reports for USS LSM-67: amphibious assault landing on Lingayen Gulf, Luzon, 1/9-11/45 (NAID 139864257, dated 1/15/1945, 4 images); amphibious assault landing at San Antonio, Luzon, 1/29/45 - 2/1/45 (NAID 139864254, dated 2/3/1945, 2 images); assault landings in the Brunei Bay Area, Borneo, 6/10-12/45 (NAID 77505945, dated 6/14/1945, 2 images). Plus RG 24 Bureau of Naval Personnel 'Casualty Information Reports' ship-titled file unit 'USS LSM-67' (NAID 472241359, paper only, College Park) [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov search 'LSM-67' (117 file units incl. parent-unit records); detail pages NAID 139864257 (Lingayen, 4 images, all read), NAID 139864254 (San Antonio, 2 images, both read), NAID 77505945 (Brunei, 2 images, both read incl. loading-plan enclosure), NAID 472241359 (RG 24 casualty file, not online)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Digitized ship-specific operational records exist: three action reports titled to USS LSM-67, all read at image level this session. (1) Lingayen Gulf assault landing 9-11 January 1945 (NAID 139864257, 4 images; file LSM 67/A16-3(3), Serial 1, 15 Jan 1945, CO K.D. Higgins, addressed to CINC U.S. Fleet via CTU 78.1.4 / CTG 78.1 - Commander Seventh Amphibious Fleet / Commander Seventh Fleet): LSM-67 'took part in an invasion involving contact with the enemy' 4-14 January 1945; sailed from Leyte Gulf 4 January 'in company with ships of LSM 19' (LSM Group 19) to join TF 78.1; unloading Army troops and motorized equipment on White Beach #2 at 1856 on 9 January under enemy air and mortar/shell fire ('We were not hit'); a Zero shot down by two LSTs crashed ~450 yards off her starboard quarter 7 January; strafing attack while moored alongside USS Thuban 0620 on 11 January; 160 rounds 40mm and 560 rounds 20mm expended with no hits scored by her fire and one 40mm misfire removed; no damage or casualties to ship or personnel from enemy action (the report separately records ten parted five-inch mooring lines 'resulting in material damage to this ship' - operational, not combat); records ship's-force engineering work - salt water in fuel (~600 gallons drained from settling tank A-212F) put both ship's-service generators out of commission on two occasions and damaged injectors on both, leaving the ship unable to carry more than one major electrical unit at a time and forcing the initial beachings without fire and flushing pumps; she operated under these conditions until 11 January, temporary repairs by the ship's engineering personnel. (2) San Antonio, Luzon assault landing 29 January - 1 February 1945 (NAID 139864254, 2 images; Serial 4, 3 Feb 1945, Higgins): invasion period 24 January - 3 February; loaded with mobile cargo off Red Beach, Leyte Gulf 24 January; joined TF 78.3.4 25 January; initial landing Blue Beach off San Antonio 0901 on 29 January; delivered three cargo loads off Red Beach; 1 February loaded ammunition, mobile equipment, and 100 Army personnel, beached Subic Bay area 0752 on 2 February, retracted 1625; no enemy contact, no ammunition expended; one self-inflicted casualty - Holley, H.W., S2c (940 52 43), shot in the left hand by accidental discharge of an M1903 rifle on security watch, treated by the Pharmacist's Mate aboard and removed to USS Monitor for further treatment. (3) Brunei Bay assault landings 10-12 June 1945 (NAID 77505945, 2 images; Serial 062, 14 Jun 1945, Higgins; via CTU 78.1.18 - the White Assault Unit / Commander Amphibious Group SIX CTG 78.1 / Commander Seventh Amphibious Force / Commander Seventh Fleet): departed Morotai 4 June with TU 78.1.14, joined TF 78.1; entered Brunei Bay 0300 on 10 June; anchored off Red Beach, Muara Island; beached Yellow Beach near Brooketon at 1725 via Muara Channel; shuttled mobile equipment Red-to-Yellow Beach (four trips); departed target area 1600 on 12 June; no enemy contact, no damage. Enclosed loading plan for Oboe 6 lists jeeps, trailers, 2.5-ton 6x6 trucks, TD9 vehicles, 25-pounder guns, water trailer, ammunition and provisions - 73.1 DWT total cargo and 52 embarked Army personnel (4 officers, 48 enlisted). A ship-titled file unit also exists in the RG 24 Casualty Information Reports series (1941-1960) - a casualty-reporting record associated with this hull, not digitized; the San Antonio report's named non-combat casualty is consistent with the existence of such a file. Parent-unit records in the same RG 38 series whose contents mention this hull include COM LSM GR 19 war diaries (12/1-31/44 NAID 139807305; 1/1-31/45 NAID 139855278; 8/1-31/45 NAID 77486629), COM LSM GR 20 (3/1-31/45 NAID 139958791), COMTASK-UNIT 78.1.4 Lingayen report (NAID 139840254), COMTASK-UNIT 78.1.43 and 78.1.16 Brunei reports (NAIDs 77514623, 77466900), COMTASKGROUP 78.1 Brunei report (NAID 140071370), and COMTASK-UNIT 76.6.11 report of the Dadjangas/Sarangani Bay, Mindanao landing 7/12-13/45 (NAID 101774700 - matching the 12 July 1945 Mindanao campaign entry).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- All hands, USS LSM-67 (Sep 1944 - Jun 1946; action-report window Jan - Jul 1945)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: action reports and war diaries document operations, positions, cargo, and personnel actions - they contain no asbestos, insulation, or material-content statements. All three ship-titled reports were read at image level (Lingayen 4 pages, San Antonio 2 pages, Brunei 2 pages incl. loading-plan enclosure); parent-unit diaries and unit reports are verified by catalog title only, page-level contents not read. No ship-titled monthly war-diary series or muster-roll file unit for this hull surfaced in the digitized catalog (sister-hull muster units exist, e.g., LSM-133 NAID 126544313). The RG 24 casualty file's contents are unexamined; its existence is consistent with personnel-casualty reporting for the hull (the San Antonio report names one non-combat casualty) but does not document cause or material exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-02
-
[4]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS LSM 67 (ship/12678) - Brown Shipbuilding Co., ordered 15 September 1943, milestones, end service 12 June 1946 ('Decommissioned on 12 June 1946. Sold in December 1946'); transcribed Operation Oboe VI (Brunei) task organization listing USS LSM-67 (Lt. K.D. Higgins, USNR) in the LSM Unit Task Unit 78.1.14 under T/Cdr. W.E. Verge, USN (COMLSMFLOT 7, embarked in LSM-54), and in the 'White' Assault Unit Task Unit 78.1.18 [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/12678 data table and 'Notable events' Oboe VI task-organization transcription (TG 78.1 Brunei Attack Group; TU 78.1.14 LSM Unit; TU 78.1.18 White Assault Unit)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent secondary compilation corroborates milestones (ordered 15 Sep 1943; laid down 21 Jul 1944; launched 14 Aug 1944; commissioned 8 Sep 1944; end service/decommissioned 12 Jun 1946; sold December 1946) and documents unit assignment: at Operation Oboe VI (Brunei Bay, 10 June 1945), USS LSM-67 was in the LSM Unit (TU 78.1.14) under T/Cdr. W.E. Verge USN (COMLSMFLOT 7, embarked in LSM-54) with 20 LSMs including LSM-50, -51, -52, -53, -54, -63, -64, -65, -67, -68, -128, -133, -138, -139, -168, -203, -219, -225, -237, -269, and was assigned to the 'White' Assault Unit (TU 78.1.18) with LSM-168, -68, -138, -203, -219, and -225.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Crew (1944-1946)
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a secondary compilation; the Oboe VI task organization is transcribed from operational documents and is consistent with the NARA COM LSM GR 19/GR 20 file series that surfaced for this hull. 'Ordered 15 Sep 1943' is uncorroborated by a primary contract document. Explicit listing places the hull in LSM Flotilla 7 for the Brunei operation; career-long unit assignment is inferred, not documented for the whole commission. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-03
-
[5]navypedia.org US LSM hull table ('LSM67 | Brown SB, Houston | 1944 | 1944 | 9.1944 | stricken 1946'); shipbuildinghistory.com LSM table ('LSM 67 | Brown SB | Houston TX | 8-Sep-44 | Sold to Berkwit Co. 1946 for scrapping') [other_primary]
- Locator
- navypedia.org/ships/usa/us_aws_lsm.htm hull table; shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/lsm.htm hull table (verified live 2026-10-02)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Two further independent secondary compilations corroborate the milestone and disposition record: navypedia lists LSM67 built by Brown SB Houston, completed 9.1944, stricken 1946; Shipbuilding History lists LSM 67 at Brown SB Houston, commissioned 8-Sep-44, 'Sold to Berkwit Co. 1946 for scrapping.' The disposal-by-scrapping record is consistent across NavSource (J.C. Berkwit Co., New York, December 1946), uboat.net (sold December 1946), and shipbuildinghistory.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- J.C. Berkwit Co. scrapping workforce (1946-47 inferred)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilations agreeing with NavSource; month-level granularity only from navypedia. NavSource states struck 'date unknown' while navypedia gives 'stricken 1946' - no primary striking instrument located. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-04
-
[6]NHHC / Navy Department Library, 'Seventh Amphibious Force - Command History 1945' (transcribed command history) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- 7th Amphibious Force Command History 1945, Philippines/Borneo operations narrative (Zambales-Subic consolidation, Puerto Princesa Palawan, Mindanao, Brunei Bay sections; minesweeping chapter on Brunei)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary Navy command history documents the force-level operations this hull's campaign record places it in: the 29 January 1945 landing of a division and regimental combat team near Subic, Zambales Province (matching the ship-titled San Antonio/Zambales action report); the 28 February 1945 landing of a 40th Infantry Division RCT at Puerto Princesa, Palawan by Commander Amphibious Group 8 (NavSource campaign dates 1-2 March); the Mindanao consolidation under Amphibious Group 9 (matching the 12 July 1945 Sarangani Bay/Dadjangas landing documented by COMTASK-UNIT 76.6.11); and the 10 June 1945 Brunei Bay landing by Commander Amphibious Group 6 - 'the second landing in Borneo' (matching the ship-titled Brunei action report and the uboat.net Oboe VI task organization).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Population
- Seventh Amphibious Force crews, 1944-45
- Limitations
- Force-level narrative - does not name LSM-67 or any individual LSM hull in the transcribed text; corroborates the operational setting of the ship-titled NARA reports and NavSource campaign list, not this hull's presence in each event. Command history dates the Palawan landing 28 February; NavSource credits 1-2 March - a source-level date nuance. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (2 x Fairbanks Morse 38D81/8X10 reversible diesels, direct drive, twin screws; no steam plant); Wikipedia LSM-1-class article (558 ships built 1944-45, Fairbanks-Morse or GM Cleveland diesels by builder); GAO HRD-80-2 era documentation (ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; Wikipedia 'LSM-1-class landing ship medium' general characteristics (cross-check only, not cited as record source)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered amphibious transport built July - September 1944 at a commercial wartime yard sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard an LSM-1-class hull of this period were thermal and machinery insulation, engine and exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, fireproofing and deck coverings, and brake linings on winches and handling gear. With a Fairbanks-Morse diesel direct-drive plant she carried no steam system - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. Sold to a commercial scrapper in December 1946, her demolition fell outside any Navy asbestos-management regime; era shipbreaking handled insulation as bulk scrap material.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946 (USN career); scrapping era undated beyond December 1946 sale
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1944); crew (Sep 1944 - Jun 1946); J.C. Berkwit Co. demolition workforce (1946-47 inferred)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, construction work package, or scrapping record located for LSM-67. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Scrapping-era exposure is inference from the disposal record, not a documented event.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published Oct 18, 1979; released Oct 22, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure (fieldwork at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards) covering the use of asbestos in Navy ships, removal costs, and compensation programs; the Navy's 1975 policy removed and replaced with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for necessary repairs, modified in 1979 to add selective replacement in high-maintenance areas. This documents the Navy's asbestos-insulation era spanning this hull's 1944 construction and U.S. service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979 (report); program era 1940s-1970s
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full-text PDF not retrieved this session (gao.gov asset fetch via product page only; product-page Highlights used).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-07
-
[9]Batch-6358 search ledger (this record): CourtListener API v4 authenticated searches via cl-auth-search.py - quoted 'LSM-67' type=o (0 hits), quoted 'LSM 67' type=o (0 hits), unquoted fuzzy 'LSM-67' type=o (41 hits, all three pages reviewed, all non-qualifying token collisions), quoted 'LSM-67' type=r docket search (1 docket: In Re: Chinese-Manufactured Drywall Products Liability Litigation, E.D. La. 2:09-md-02047, filed 2009, terminated 2025 - products-liability MDL; token match inside the OCR text of a rotated-scan exhibit attachment to the second amended omnibus complaint - not the ship, not asbestos; name collision) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-02, -03, -04
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation located: CourtListener's opinion index contains no opinion naming this hull in either quoted name form. The unquoted fuzzy opinion search returned 41 relevance-ranked hits; all three pages were reviewed and all are non-qualifying token collisions - 'LSM' as a corporate acronym (Logan-Baldwin v. L.S.M. General Contractors, Inc., N.Y. Sup. Ct. 2011; Montana Professional Sports v. Leisure Sports Management, M.D. Fla. 2006), unrelated entities and OCR/token noise across postal-service, criminal, and contract dockets. The single RECAP docket hit (In Re: Chinese-Manufactured Drywall Products Liability Litigation, MDL 2:09-md-02047, E.D. La., filed 2009) is a building-products multidistrict litigation - the 'LSM-67' token sits in the OCR text of a scanned exhibit attachment (document 10732-1) and the case does not involve the ship or asbestos; classified as a name collision. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case - only law-firm marketing pages for LSM-type ships generically (excluded by source policy).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public docket does not prove no claim was ever filed - PACER and state-court records are not fully indexed by CourtListener, and short-lived numbered amphibious hulls are thinly litigated generally. The MDL token match was reviewed at metadata level (docket entry description and OCR snippet), not by reading the 24-page scanned exhibit. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-08
-
[10]Batch-6358 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS hull and collective LSM/LSMR entries (404 on live site); NVR ship detail (no entry - pre-1987 disposition, per NVR's own page statement); NARA catalog (ship-titled action reports and a casualty file located); NavSource; uboat.net/navypedia/shipbuildinghistory corroboration; NHHC Seventh Amphibious Force Command History 1945; GAO product page; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, ship's material schedule, or court record naming USS LSM-67 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). No DANFS entry exists for this hull. The hull served 21 months in U.S. commission, all of it in the Asiatic-Pacific and postwar repatriation/occupation-era lift, and was sold out of Navy custody for commercial scrapping in December 1946 - predating the Navy's 1975 asbestos-management policy, so no modern survey or abatement record could be expected to exist.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - construction-era asbestos use for a 1944 amphibious is era-consistent, and the hull's commercial scrapping record is undocumented beyond the December 1946 sale (no buyer-side demolition file located). NARA holds further undigitized leads (RG 24 casualty file for this hull, paper-only at College Park; RG 19 Bureau of Ships records; RG 24 deck logs). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lsm-67-lsm67-09