Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 612-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LST-1008 | Hull: LST-1008 | Designation: LST (landing ship, tank) | Class: LST-542 class (see class note)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-1008-lst1008-pkt-612-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS entry, USS LST-1008 (Naval History and Heritage Command) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC DANFS ship-history page, LST-1008
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents this hull: laid down 16 February 1944 at Quincy, Mass., by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched 23 March 1944; commissioned 18 April 1944. Following World War II she performed occupation duty in the Far East and served in China until early May 1946; decommissioned 4 May 1946 and transferred to the State Department for disposition the same date; struck from the Navy list 19 June 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Limitations
- Terse DANFS entry. It makes no mention of any Normandy or other combat operation - notable because secondary sources widely attribute Normandy service to this hull (see ev-04). It does not detail the onward transfer chain after the State Department. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-01
-
[3]USS LST-1008 - War Diary, 4/18/44 to 6/30/44 (NAID 78477358), RG 38 World War II War Diaries, microfilm roll A1013 (NARA; digitized, 3 images) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78477358, Roll A1013, images 0483-0485 (Serials #98-#100)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The ship's own war diary (Serial #98, submitted 29 June 1944) states she was 'placed in Commission at the Fore River Yard of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Quincy, Mass., at 1015, 18 April 1944, R. M. LADEN, Lt., USN, Commanding'; fitted out in the Boston area to 24 April; underwent shakedown at Little Creek, Va. and Pt. Lookout, Md.; and on 10 May 1944 reported for duty to LST Division 50, Flotilla 9, Group 25, Amphibious Training Command, Atlantic Fleet, NOB Norfolk.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-04-18 to 1944-06-30
- Limitations
- Primary contemporaneous record for commissioning and early training. Covers April-June 1944 only; later-period diaries for this hull were not located in the digitized RG 38 series (see search_ledger). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-02
-
[4]USS LST-1008 - War Diary, 7/1-31/44 (NAID 78544416), RG 38 World War II War Diaries, roll A1071 (NARA; digitized, 1 image); June-1944 portion in NAID 78477358 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78544416, Roll A1071 image 0869 (Serial #124); NAID 78477358, Roll A1013 image 0485 (Serial #100)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The ship's war diaries place her in Chesapeake Bay for the ENTIRE period that secondary sources put her off Normandy: Serial #100 (June 1944) states 'for entire month ship was in training service in Chesapeake Bay, in company with LST Division 50, Flotilla 9, Group 25, Amphibious Training Command, Atlantic Fleet,' with firing practice logged 14 and 17 June; Serial #124 (July 1944) records training service 1-17 July and duty from 17 July as flagship for the officer-in-charge, LST Shakedown, Chesapeake Bay Area.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-01 to 1944-07-31
- Limitations
- Primary contemporaneous documents signed by her command (Laden; Creekmore acting) - they directly contradict the NavSource/Wikipedia Normandy attribution (ev-04). The diaries establish where the ship was in June-July 1944; they do not by themselves resolve how the EAME-campaign credit displayed by NavSource arose, nor cover August 1944 onward.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-03
-
[5]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-1008 page (incl. linked Co. H, 41st Armored Infantry morning report PDF, 161008a.pdf) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource USS LST-1008 page, campaign table, embarkation note, and linked morning-report PDF (161008a.pdf)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource (mirrored by Wikipedia and other secondary sources) attributes to this hull participation in the Invasion of Normandy (6-25 June 1944), stating she embarked H Company, 41st Armored Infantry at 0510 on 8 June and disembarked it at 1500 on 9 June 1944 at 'Easy White Beach,' and displays an EAME campaign ribbon with one star. The embarkation detail rests on the linked Army morning report, whose station field reads 'aboard LST#1008' / 'LST 11008' - a hull number ('11008') that cannot be a real LST and marks the field as transcription-suspect.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946; page last updated 2021-12-03
- Limitations
- DISPUTED: the ship's own contemporaneous war diaries (ev-03) place LST-1008 in Chesapeake Bay for the whole of June 1944, making the Normandy claim for this hull unsupportable as written; the Army morning report is one document and its hull-number field is demonstrably inconsistent. Non-conflicted NavSource content (Pacific assignment LST Flotilla 37 / Group 111 / Division 222; Navy Occupation and China Service medal periods 2 Sep 1945-4 May 1946; complement and machinery specifications; LT Richard M. Laden as sole CO 18 Apr 1944-4 May 1946) is retained as partial. NavSource's 'Struck From the Naval Register, 19 June 1949' contradicts DANFS's 19 June 1946 and is treated as a NavSource typo.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-04
-
[6]NARA still photograph 80-G-365965 (NAID 315835396), Naval Photographic Center, RG 80 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA catalog item 315835396, local ID 80-G-365965
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official U.S. Navy photograph produced 12 March 1946, original caption: 'LST-1008 in background pulls out from Kowloon docks at Hongkong, China, after unloading cargo of U.S. Arctic issue gear for New First Chinese Army' (taken by J. F. Whitley, PhoM1/c, COM 7th FLEET) - primary documentation of the hull's post-war China service in Hong Kong in March 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946-03-12
- Limitations
- Confirms presence at Hong Kong in March 1946 during the Navy Occupation/China service window; does not document movements earlier in 1945-46 or any asbestos condition.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-05
-
[7]LST-1008 muster rolls, 4/18/44-5/4/46 (NAID 126558230), RG 24 Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities, roll 5052 (NARA; digitized via Ancestry partnership, 225 images, not transcribed) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 126558230, Roll No. 5052
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Digitized muster-roll set covering the hull's entire commissioned life (18 April 1944 - 4 May 1946) is available in the National Archives Catalog - the fullest personnel record for this ship; digitized ship-specific war diaries were located only for April-July 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- USS LST-1008 ship's company, 1944-1946
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - the 225 images were catalog-verified but not transcribed this session; individual service-member exposure cannot be established from the catalog metadata. Deck logs for this hull were not located in the digitized Navy deck-log series (WWII-era logs are largely not digitized).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-06
-
[8]Haze Gray & Underway photo feature 'The Chinese Naval Museum at Qingdao' (archived copy; live original no longer serves) + NavSource photo captions for ex-LST-1008 [other_primary]
- Locator
- hazegray.org/features/qingdao/ via Wayback capture 2020-12-06, captions for plan05/plan02; NavSource 161008.htm photo table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The hull photographed at the China Navy Museum, Qingdao, wearing PLAN pennant 926, was positively identified as ex-LST-1008: the original welded U.S. hull-number outline ('1008') remained legible beneath later paint, documented in close-up photographs (hazegray feature; NavSource caption set by Lt. William Osborne, USMC, 'PRCS LST-926', 'Shan Class'). Hazegray reports the ship appeared to retain her amphibious-landing configuration and that the last ex-US LSTs in Chinese service were reportedly discarded by 1998, with this ship 'probably among the last in service.' NavSource lists disposition as the China Navy Museum, Qingdao.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- ca. 1999-2007 (museum presence); 1946+ (Chinese service)
- Limitations
- Archived copy cited because the live hazegray URL is defunct. Establishes hull identity and museum presence only; the PLAN name 'Dabie Shan,' the reported 1950 seizure and merchant-service names (Wanling, Zhong 112), and reported dismantling ca. 2005-2007 trace to Wikipedia and are not stated in these sources (see gaps). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-07
-
[9]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (1945 edition), LST design table (shipscribe.com scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v2 LST design table; class machinery summary consistent with NavSource LST-1008 specifications (2 x GM 12-567A, 900 hp each, Falk reduction gear, 1,700 shp)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for this diesel-powered LST-542-class hull: BuShips data documents the class machinery as 2 x GM 12-567A diesels (no steam plant, no boilers). The asbestos-relevant applications for the type concentrate in diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and brake linings - categories of shipboard material that in 1944-era construction were commonly manufactured with asbestos fiber.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Construction trades at Bethlehem Fore River (1944); ship's company
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no ship-level asbestos record exists for this hull. The SDB design table documents machinery and characteristics, not material composition; 'commonly manufactured with asbestos' is an era statement, not a finding that asbestos was installed on this hull. Establishes no quantities and no exposure for any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-08
-
[10]O'Connor v. Raymark Industries, Inc., 401 Mass. 586, 518 N.E.2d 510 (1988) (Justia mirror of the Massachusetts SJC opinion) [court_record]
- Locator
- 401 Mass. 586 (1988), jury instructions and facts sections
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Published appellate record documenting asbestos product use inside this hull's builder yard in the decade she was built: a welder employed at the Bethlehem Steel (Fore River) Shipyard in the 1940s covered himself with Raybestos-Manhattan asbestos blankets for protection from sparks and inhaled the dust they gave off; the jury answered 'yes' to exposure to asbestos in Raymark products while employed at Fore River, and the SJC treated that finding as unimpaired on appeal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1940s (exposure); 1988 (opinion)
- Population
- Fore River Shipyard workforce, 1940s
- Limitations
- Yard-level litigation finding, not a hull record: it documents asbestos product use by workers at Fore River in the 1940s - the period and place of this hull's construction - but does not name LST-1008 or establish what was installed aboard her. Trial-stage jury finding affirmed as to the exposure special question; exposure pathways for builders are distinct from shipboard service.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full report linked as gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: under the 1975 policy, asbestos insulation was removed and replaced with nonasbestos material only when damaged or when removal was required for repairs; the policy was modified in 1979 to add selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained aboard ships for decades unless a yard period disturbed it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation, not ship- or class-specific; fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards. Product page verified via Firecrawl 2026-10-02; direct fetch returns HTTP 403 to automated requests. This hull left U.S. custody in 1946, so the policies describe conditions she never operated under in U.S. service - included for program context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-10
-
[12]Batch-6496 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS; NavSource; NARA catalog (war diaries, muster rolls, still photography); CourtListener API v4 opinion and docket sweeps; general web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-1008-01 through sl-uss-lst-1008-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, MARAD disposal document, or docketed case naming LST-1008 was found in the sources searched. CourtListener returned zero results for 'LST-1008' (opinions and dockets), 'USS LST-1008' (opinions), and 'LST 1008' asbestos (opinions) on 2026-10-02.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1944 amphibious-ship construction is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials. The hull's post-1946 disposition path (State Department - China - PLAN - museum/scrapping) leaves her outside the U.S. documentation channels where survey and disposal asbestos records normally surface. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1008-11