Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 612-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LST-1012 | Hull: LST-1012 | Designation: LST (landing ship, tank) | Class: LST-542 class (see class note)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-1012-lst1012-pkt-612-packet-md
-
[2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS), 'LST-1012', Naval History and Heritage Command [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-1012 entry (full entry text)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LST-1012 was laid down 4 March 1944 at Quincy, Mass., by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched 8 April 1944; commissioned 30 April 1944, Lt. Comdr. M. J. Flowers, Jr., USNR, in command. Assigned to the European theater; participated in the invasion of southern France; post-war occupation duty in the Far East and service in China until early June 1946; decommissioned 10 June 1946 and transferred to the Department of State for disposal the same date; struck from the Navy list 19 July 1946. One battle star for WWII service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Ship's company (13 officers/104 enlisted class figure) and embarked troops
- Limitations
- Authoritative Navy history for identity and milestones. DANFS misprints the southern-France campaign year as 'August and September 1945' - the invasion occurred August-September 1944 (see correction row ev-05); all other dates corroborated by NavSource and BuShips SDB 1945. Entry contains no asbestos, materials, or condition information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-01
-
[3]NavSource Naval History, Amphibious Photo Archive, 'USS LST-1012' (10/16/161012.htm) [other_primary]
- Locator
- LST-1012 archive page: timeline, CO table, campaign-ribbon table, photo captions; page updated 24 June 2016
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive record for USS LST-1012 corroborates construction and milestone dates and adds: Pacific assignment under LST Flotilla Thirty-Seven (CAPT. Riley), LST Group One Hundred Nine (CDR. E. W. Wilson USNR), LST Division Two Hundred-Eighteen; Europe-Africa-Middle East campaign 'Invasion of Southern France, 15 August to 25 September 1944'; Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp) and China Service Medal (extended) both 2 September 1945 to 10 June 1946; commanding-officer roster (LT Marshall J. Flowers Jr. USNR 30 Apr 1944-1 Jan 1946; LTjg Glenn I. Robinson USNR Jan-Mar 1946; LTjg George W. Stone USNR Mar-10 Jun 1946); photographs place the ship at Hampton Roads 27 May 1944, Civitavecchia Italy July 1944 loading RAF equipment for Corsica, and St. Tropez France 25 August 1944; final disposition 'fate unknown'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked troops; RAF cargo-handling personnel (Civitavecchia, July 1944)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained compilation - corroborated against DANFS and the BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v2 roster on all core dates; photo captions rely on donor attributions (Library of Virginia/US Army Signal Corps, private collections). Contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-02
-
[4]Naval History and Heritage Command, 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' (online reading room) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- LST Flotilla Thirty-Seven > LST Group 109 > LST Division 218 roster entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC's 'United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945' lists LST 1012 under LST Flotilla Thirty-Seven, LST Group One Hundred Nine, LST Division 218 - corroborating the ship's Pacific Fleet assignment and unit chain on that date.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Limitations
- Organization snapshot at 1 May 1945 only; does not date the ship's arrival in the Pacific and contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-03
-
[5]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. II (April 15, 1945), LST design table and vessel roster (shipscribe.com scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Roster section 'LANDING SHIP, TANK (LST)' - LST1012 row under 'Bethlehem Steel Co., Fore River, Mass.'; LST design table rows LST980-1059
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Bureau of Ships Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 2 (NAVSHIPS 250-011, 15 April 1945) roster lists LST-1012 under builder 'Bethlehem Steel Co., Fore River, Mass.' with keel laid 4 Mar 44, launched 8 Apr 44, first commissioned 30 Apr 44 - matching DANFS and NavSource. The same volume's LST design table covers hull block LST980-1059 (the block containing LST-1012): 328 ft oa, 50 ft beam, 2,366 t beaching displacement / 4,080 t trial, 11.6 kt, machinery 2 x GM Diesel 12-567A at 1,700 shp - a diesel plant with no boilers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Limitations
- Official BuShips publication; the machinery/design figures are stated at block level (LST980-1059), and per-hull pages are roster entries only. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material statements - it establishes the diesel machinery type (relevant to bounding the steam-lagging pathway), not any asbestos fact.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-04
-
[6]DANFS LST-1012 (misprint) vs NavSource USS LST-1012 campaign table and photo captions [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry body text; NavSource campaign-ribbon table and photo caption block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source defect resolved: the live DANFS entry reads 'participated in the invasion of southern France in August and September 1945' - the operation (Dragoon) ran 15 August to 25 September 1944. NavSource's campaign table (15 August-25 September 1944), the donor-attributed photo record (Civitavecchia July 1944 loading for Corsica; St. Tropez off-load 25 August 1944), and the ship's 30 April 1944 commission date fix the campaign to 1944. The DANFS '1945' figure is a typographical error and is not propagated.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- Correction of a secondary-level typographical slip in an otherwise authoritative source; does not affect identity or the milestone timeline. No asbestos content in any underlying source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-05
-
[7]Consolidated era inference - BuShips SDB 1945 v2 machinery data (2 x GM 12-567A, diesel) + documented WWII shipbuilding practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- Class technical data; no hull-level materials schedule located
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered LST-542-class hull: no boilers, so no boiler or steam-line lagging pathway; asbestos-relevant applications consistent with the type and era are engine and exhaust lagging, machinery gaskets and valve packing, thermal/acoustic insulation of compartments, deck coverings, accommodation insulation, and brake linings on winches and the windlass.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Construction trades at Bethlehem Steel Fore River (Quincy) 1944; ship's company and embarked troops 1944-46
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no member-level asbestos record located for this hull. Establishes no quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-06
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this 1944 LST-542-class hull was mass-produced - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard naval and merchant-type hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979; released Oct 22, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 highlights (full-text PDF linked from product page; gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to direct curl fetches - page content verified via rendered fetch)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: the Navy's 1975 policy removed and replaced with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation of the Navy's asbestos-management era. This hull left Navy custody in June 1946, decades before the policies described - the row is era context for the class's sister ships that remained in service, not evidence about this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-08
-
[10]Batch-6500 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NHHC; NavSource 10/16/161012; BuShips SDB 1945 v2; MARAD ShipHistory search; NVR ship-details lookup; NARA catalog; secondary shipbuilding registers [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-1012-01 through sl-uss-lst-1012-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or docketed case naming LST-1012 was found in the public sources searched. MARAD ShipHistory returns no vessel record under 'LST-1012' or 'LST 1012' (the hull never entered MARAD custody - it passed to the Department of State). NVR has no ship detail page for LST-1012 (disposed before NVR coverage). NavSource records final disposition as 'fate unknown'; secondary shipbuilding registers (shipbuildinghistory.com; Naval Marine Archive) list 'Scrapped 1947' - an unverified lead, not carried as fact. CourtListener ship-name and hull-number searches could not be completed this session (fleet pacing budget) - logged blocked, not a negative result (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944-built WWII hull is era-consistent with retained asbestos-containing materials in the applications listed under era inference. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Litigation status open pending CourtListener sweep.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-09
-
[11]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel - deck logs), RG 19 (Bureau of Ships), RG 59 (Department of State - Office of the Foreign Liquidation Commissioner records) + NARA deck-log research guidance [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/024.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/019.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction work; catalog is JS-rendered and not machine-searchable this session): (1) NARA RG 24 deck logs, 1944-46, would document the hull's movements and onboard events during commission; (2) RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) may hold hull construction/outfitting records for the Bethlehem Fore River contract; (3) the 1946 State Department disposal in the Far East points to records of the Office of the Foreign Liquidation Commissioner (indexed under RG 59 general records and the RG 169 FEA preliminary inventory) - the most promising lead for resolving the 'fate unknown' / 'scrapped 1947' discrepancy.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-1947 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific or disposal documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1012-10