Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet 629-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: UNVERIFIABLE
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-1139-lst1139-pkt-629-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS/NHHC, LST-1139 entry (history.navy.mil ship-histories page, published 2015-07-29) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative (single-paragraph entry)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry for this hull: LST-1139 was laid down 15 January 1945 at Seneca, Ill., by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.; launched 9 April 1945; sponsored by Mrs. Helen G. Hines; commissioned 27 April 1945, Lt. John J. Flood, Jr., in command. Following World War II she performed occupation duty in the Far East until mid-December 1945; decommissioned 20 July 1946; struck from the Navy list 15 August 1946; sold 28 June 1948 to Port Houston Iron Works, Inc., Houston, Tex., for non-self-propelled operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Population
- CB&I Seneca construction trades (1945); ship's company and embarked troops (1945-46)
- Limitations
- Terse one-paragraph entry; establishes identity, construction, occupation service, and disposal only - no asbestos or material content. Page verified live via JS-capable fetch (Firecrawl) 2026-10-02; plain curl HEAD returned 404 (NHHC bot filtering - same behavior documented in BATCH-01 for other DANFS pages).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-01
-
[3]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-1139 page (10/16/161139.htm, last updated 2017-02-17) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page header timeline, ONI-1945 specifications block, awards block, commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource entry for this hull: LST-542-class tank landing ship; laid down 15 January 1945 at Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., Seneca, IL; launched 9 April 1945; commissioned USS LST-1139, 27 April 1945, LT. John J. Flood, Jr., USNR, in command. Wartime assignment: Asiatic-Pacific Theater - LST Flotilla Thirty-Four (CAPT. H. H. Tiemroth), LST Group One Hundred One, LST Division Two Hundred Three; occupation service in the Far East 2-11 December 1945. Decommissioned 20 July 1946; struck from the Naval Register 15 August 1946; final disposition sold 28 June 1948 to Port Houston Iron Works, Inc., Houston, TX, for non-self-propelled operation, 'fate unknown.' Awards displayed: American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal; World War II Victory Medal; Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp). ONI-1945 specification block: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t full load; 328 ft oa; 50 ft beam; 11.6 kt trial; complement 13 officers/104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers/147 enlisted; propulsion 2 x GM 12-567A 900 hp diesels, Falk main reduction gears, 3 diesel-drive 100 kW 230 V DC generators, 2 propellers/1,700 shp. Commanding officer list: LT Flood (to 31 Oct 1945), LT Scrivner (to 16 Feb 1946), LTjg Cole (to 31 May 1946), LTjg Richardson (to 20 Jul 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Population
- Ship's company (13 officers/104 enlisted); embarked troops (up to 16 officers/147 enlisted); CB&I Seneca builders
- Limitations
- Volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates corroborate DANFS exactly and the spec block is explicitly sourced to ONI 1945; flotilla/group/division assignments and the CO roster are NavSource-compiled. Complement figures differ slightly from BuShips SDB accommodations notes (104 vs 106 Navy enlisted; 147 vs 131 Army enlisted) - see gaps. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-02
-
[4]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), LST design table, machinery table, accommodations notes, and vessel roster (shipscribe.com scan, text layer) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2, LST design/machinery tables (block rows LST1081-1152) and List of Naval Vessels roster; live URL verified 2026-10-02 - note the class-profile file cites the stale path /styles/usnaux/sdb/SDB1945v2.pdf (404); canonical is /pubs/SDB1945v2.pdf
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Bureau of Ships Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 2 design table for the LST-1081-1152 hull block (which includes LST-1139): length 328 ft oa; beam 50 ft; displacement 2,366 t light / 4,080 t full load; trial speed 11.6 kt. Machinery table: 2 x G.M. Diesel 12-567A engines, 1,700 shp for block LST1081-1152. Accommodations notes: 13 Navy officers/106 Navy enlisted plus 16 Army officers/131 Army enlisted (footnotes). Roster lists LST1138-1142 as built (no transfer/loss annotation).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Design-level: all LST-1081-1152 crews and builders
- Limitations
- Official BuShips data, but block-level: applies to hull block LST-1081-1152 as built design, not a hull-specific survey of this vessel. No insulation-material or asbestos content in the table. 'Jan 1945' edition date precedes this hull's April 1945 completion - later blocks were under construction at publication.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-03
-
[5]Consolidated era inference - BuShips SDB 1945 v2 machinery data (ev-03) + WWII amphibious-ship construction era; no hull-specific material schedule located [other_primary]
- Locator
- Derived from ev-03 machinery data and LST-1-class class profile (class-f worktree)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered LST built 1945: with no boiler plant, the asbestos-relevant applications aboard a ship of this type and era were diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, valve packing, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and winch/crane brake linings - the same categories documented in the LST-1-class class profile (which aggregates BuShips machinery data and era amphibious-ship construction practice).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Population
- CB&I Seneca construction trades (1945); engine-room and machinery crew (1945-46); any post-sale barge-conversion yard labor (1948)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials aboard this hull. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution, no present-day presence claim. The diesel plant narrows the exposure picture versus steam ships but does not eliminate it.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-04
-
[6]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and emergency-construction program under which this hull was built at an inland Navy-requisitioned yard - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard U.S. vessels.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the LST type and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-05
-
[7]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - LST-1139, Detail 9250, including digitized USMC vessel status card (cards/4DT_01.png) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 9250 data fields; status-card image /cards/4DT_01.png
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD Vessel History Database record for LST-1139 (ShipHistory Detail 9250): type fields General Type 'Naval Combatant,' Specific Type 'LST Tank Landing Ship,' MARAD Type 'Military'; Fate field 'Sold - No Further Info'; no milestones, images, or documents beyond the status card. The digitized vessel status card reads 'LST 1139,' annotated 'Navy Surplus' and 'Suisun Bay' (reserve-fleet lay-up location), and records 'Sold to Port Houston Iron Works, SPAct 1936' with delivery 6-28-48 - documenting the surplus-property sale and Suisun Bay lay-up of this hull between decommissioning (1946) and sale (1948).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946-1948
- Population
- Reserve-fleet lay-up crews, Suisun Bay (1946-48); Port Houston Iron Works conversion labor (1948)
- Limitations
- Authoritative for government custody/sale milestones; card is a custody record only - no asbestos, materials, or condition-survey information. 'SPAct 1936' is a surplus-sales contract/authority reference, not a hull number; 'Year Built 9999' on the detail page is a database placeholder, not data. Fate after 1948 sale undocumented here. Supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text not retrieved - gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, standing since 2026-09-14)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction and service era (1945-48).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979 (report); 1945-48 era relevance
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Content via product-page description; full-text pull remains the open lead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-07
-
[9]Batch-6628 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS; NavSource 161139.htm; BuShips SDB 1945 v2 (shipscribe); MARAD ShipHistory 9250 + status card; NVR (n/a - hull struck 1946); CourtListener opinion + RECAP docket searches (exact-phrase 0; unquoted hits all numeric collisions); shipbuildinghistory.com Seneca yard table; NARA deck-log guidance [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-1139-01 through sl-uss-lst-1139-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming LST-1139 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search for exact phrase "LST-1139" returned zero results; an unquoted 'LST-1139' opinion search returned 28 hits and the RECAP docket search returned 1,383 hits, all non-qualifying collisions (OCR noise and '1139' statute/docket-number fragments - none naming this or any vessel). General web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing listicles asserting asbestos aboard LST-class ships generically - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945-built amphibious hull is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials. Text-fragment searches cannot fully exclude filings that name the hull only in free-text pleadings (see gaps). Does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-08
-
[10]shipbuildinghistory.com, Chicago Bridge & Iron Seneca yard table (secondary reference) vs DANFS LST-1139 entry + MARAD status card [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com CB&I Seneca table, LST-1139 row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancy resolved in favor of official records: the secondary yard table shipbuildinghistory.com (Chicago Bridge & Iron, Seneca IL) lists LST-1139's fate as 'Scrapped 1947' - but DANFS records sale on 28 June 1948 to Port Houston Iron Works for non-self-propelled operation and the MARAD status card independently documents 'Sold to Port Houston Iron Works, SPAct 1936,' delivered 6-28-48. The official June 1948 sale is adopted; 'Scrapped 1947' is a table error (the build dates in the same row - 1/15/45 laid, 4/9/45 launched, 4/27/45 commissioned - do match DANFS).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1947-1948
- Limitations
- Resolves a disposal-year error in a secondary compilation; the official sale is documented by two independent primary records (DANFS + MARAD card). Post-sale fate (barge identity, service, scrapping) remains undocumented - 'fate unknown' per NavSource.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-09
-
[11]NARA deck-log access guidance (1941-1959 series, Modern Military Branch, College Park) + NHHC deck-log access policy page [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov deck-log guidance pages (verified live 2026-10-02); NHHC deck-log access page
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction request; no spend authorized): deck logs for USS LST-1139 covering her April 1945 - July 1946 commission are held in the 1941-1959 Navy deck-log series at the National Archives, Modern Military Branch (Archives II, College Park). Deck logs would fix her occupation-duty ports and any yard availabilities but do not itemize construction materials. Chicago Bridge & Iron Seneca yard records (contract NObs series, BuShips RG 19 correspondence) are a second undigitized lead for outfitting/material specifications.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1946 records
- Limitations
- Record-series mapping only - the existence of this hull's logs in the series is expected (all commissioned-ship logs 1941-1959 went to NARA) but was not box-verified; deck logs record movements and events, not material composition. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-1139-10