Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 641-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS LST-16
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-16-lst16-pkt-641-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-16 (live NHHC page returns 404; verbatim text via Wayback capture 2021-03-20) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-16 entry, full text (short entry; no spec block)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'LST-16 was laid down on 1 September 1942 at Wilmington, Del., by the Dravo Corp.; launched on 19 December 1942; sponsored by Mrs. Lois M. Alexander; and commissioned on 17 March 1943.' WWII service in the European theater: North African occupation (Tunisian operations, July 1943), Sicilian occupation (DANFS lists September 1943 - see gaps for date discrepancy), Salerno landings (September 1943), West coast of Italy operations (Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings, January and February 1944), Invasion of Normandy (June 1944). 'Following the war, LST-16 performed occupation duty in the Far East in September and November 1945. She was decommissioned on 8 March 1946 and was struck from the Navy list on 12 April 1946. On 5 December 1947, she was sold to Ships and Power Equipment Co., of Barber, N.J., for scrapping. LST-16 earned five battle stars for World War II service.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Dravo Wilmington construction trades (1942-43); Coast Guard crew (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Live NHHC DANFS page returned 404 on 2026-10-02; text quoted from Wayback capture of the official page - the entry is genuine DANFS but the live canonical URL is currently dead link rot (same pattern as Batch-01 NHHC findings).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-16 (10/16/160016) - construction, campaign table, theater assignments, commanding officers, specifications, disposal [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160016 header block, campaign table, specifications block, commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 1 September 1942 at Dravo Corp., Wilmington, DE; launched 19 December 1942; commissioned USS LST-16, 17 March 1943, LT Rufus W. L. Horton, USCGR, in command; page banner: 'USS LST-16 was manned by the US Coast Guard during World War II.' Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater assignment: LST Flotilla Eighteen, Group Fifty-Three, Division One Hundred Five; campaigns: Tunisian operations 1-9 July 1943; Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings 22 January-4 February 1944; Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944. Asiatic-Pacific Theater: LST Flotilla Thirty-Eight, Group One Hundred Twelve, Division Two Hundred Twenty-Three; Far East occupation service 10 September-25 November 1945. Decommissioned 8 March 1946; struck 12 April 1946; sold to Ships and Power Equipment Co., Barber, N.J., 5 December 1947, for scrapping; five battle stars. Commanding officers: LT Rufus W. L. Horton, USCGR (17 Mar 1943 - 22 May 1945); LTjg W. J. Kenneally, USCGR (22 May 1945 - 8 Mar 1946). Specifications: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t sea-going w/1,675-ton load / 2,366 t beaching; 328 ft o.a.; 50 ft beam; 11.6 kts trial; complement 13 officers, 104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers, 147 enlisted; two GM 12-567A 900-hp diesels, single Falk reduction gears, 3 x 100 kW diesel-drive generators, two propellers (1,700 shp), twin rudders.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Dravo Wilmington construction trades (1942-43); Coast Guard crew (1943-46); embarked troops (16 officers/147 enlisted capacity); shipbreakers, Ships and Power Equipment Co., Barber, NJ (1947-48)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track DANFS/NVR and agree with DANFS here; campaign windows derive from the official operation/campaign list. Complement 13 officers/104 enlisted conflicts with a 7-officer variant in secondary sources (see gaps). Contains no asbestos content. Page verified live 2026-10-02 (navsource.net, not the dead .org domain).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-02
-
[4]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'Coast Guard Cutters & Coast Guard-Manned Navy Vessels that Participated in the Normandy Invasion' and 'U.S. Coast Guard KIA at Normandy, France on June 6, 1944' (D-Day KIA roster) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USCG Historian 'Cutters and Vessels' page, LSTs section; 'D-Day KIA' roster table row for Alexander, Stoy Kay
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- USCG Historian's Office lists LST-16 first among eleven Coast Guard-manned LSTs participating in the Normandy invasion of 6 June 1944. The companion D-Day KIA roster records 'Alexander, Stoy Kay - Seaman 2/c - USS LST-16' among Coast Guardsmen killed at Normandy on 6 June 1944. Both pages verified via Wayback captures (2024) after direct fetch returned HTTP 403 (bot block); live pages verified present in search index.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-06
- Population
- Coast Guard crew aboard LST-16 at Normandy, June 1944
- Limitations
- Coast Guard unit/casualty documentation only - establishes USCG manning and a combat fatality aboard this hull; contains no asbestos or material content. history.uscg.mil blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403); content verified through Wayback captures of both pages.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-03
-
[5]Library of Congress, Veterans History Project - Thomas Harold McCann Collection (AFC 2001/001/90109), including 'USS LST-16, Report of participation in amphibious assault on Normandy - carried troops to Omaha and casualties to England' (9 pages) and audio interview [other_primary]
- Locator
- loc.gov item afc2001001.90109; resource afc2001001.90109.pm0001001 (9-page manuscript)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Library of Congress Veterans History Project holds the Thomas Harold McCann Collection: a Coast Guard veteran (highest rank Fireman First Class; service 1943-1945; locations Florida, Connecticut, Tunisia, Oran, England, New Orleans, European Theater) who served aboard USS LST-16. The collection includes a nine-page document titled 'Report of participation in amphibious assault on Normandy - carried troops to Omaha and casualties to England' and a ~44-minute audio interview - a first-person archival record establishing that this hull carried troops to Omaha Beach and returned casualties to England.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (service); collection cataloged Veterans History Project
- Population
- Fireman 1/c Thomas H. McCann; LST-16 crew (1943-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: a single crewman's narrative collection - establishes service detail and the Omaha/casualty-evacuation role for this hull, but it is a personal account, not a ship survey; contains no asbestos content. LOC item page blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403); catalog metadata verified via LOC JSON API.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-04
-
[6]NavSource photo captions for LST-16: launch photo US Navy 80-G-40268 (NARA College Park); underway in Mediterranean with USAAF L-4 Grasshopper on 220 ft x 16 ft flight deck; NHHC photo NH 94902 (portable landing strip / mini-aircraft-carrier configuration); beached alongside LST-27, June 1944; with LST-379 and HMS Bruiser landing tanks at Salerno (US Signal Corps SC 181224, NARA) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160016 photo block; NHHC NH 94902; NARA 80-G-40268; USASC SC 181224
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Contemporaneous photography documented for this hull: launch at Dravo's Wilmington shipyard 19 December 1942 (NARA 80-G-40268); Mediterranean service fitted with a portable 220 ft x 16 ft landing strip launching USAAF L-4 Grasshopper artillery-spotter aircraft (NHHC photo NH 94902); Salerno landings alongside USS LST-379 and HMS Bruiser (US Signal Corps SC 181224); beached alongside USS LST-27, June 1944. The flight-deck conversion is a ship-specific structural modification of this hull while in the Mediterranean.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Construction trades at Dravo Wilmington (1942); crew and embarked aircrew supporting L-4 operations (1943-44)
- Limitations
- Archival lead: photo metadata and captions establish events and modifications; the image files themselves reside at NARA/NHHC and were not individually fetched. NavSource captions are the transcription layer; NHHC/NARA catalog numbers given for direct pull. No asbestos content; the flight-deck fit is noted as ship-specific configuration, relevant to era-inference only (additional deck/fitting work aboard).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: BuShips Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 2 LST design table (shipscribe.com scan, via lst-1-class class profile); NavSource specifications for this hull (diesel plant, no boilers); era amphibious-ship construction practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips SDB1945v2 LST design table (shipscribe.com/styles/usnaux/sdb/SDB1945v2.pdf); NavSource specifications block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered tank landing ship built 1942-43 sits inside the documented era of Navy asbestos-insulation use; era-standard asbestos-relevant applications aboard an LST-1-class hull were diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, deck coverings and tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and winch/windlass brake linings. The diesel plant (2 x GM 12-567A, no boilers) narrows the steam-plant lagging pathway that dominates asbestos exposure on steam vessels, but the confined-hull engine-room and accommodation applications remain.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Dravo Wilmington construction trades (1942-43); Coast Guard crew (1943-46); shipbreakers at Barber, NJ (1947-48)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LST-16. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942-43) and service era (1943-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-07
-
[9]Batch-6717 search ledger (this record): DANFS via Wayback; NavSource; USCG Historian's Office pages; LOC Veterans History Project; Naval Vessel Register; GAO product page; CourtListener (partial - fleet pacing); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-16-01 through sl-uss-lst-16-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LST-16 (LST-16) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search '"LST-16" asbestos' returned zero results (verified 2026-10-02); remaining CourtListener queries (docket index, 'USS LST-16' variants) were deferred by the fleet-wide pacing limiter at session end - logged as blocked, not as a negative result. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm listicle content asserting asbestos aboard LSTs generally (gorilaw.com, mesotheliomahope.com) - no LST-16-specific claim; excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent asbestos use is a reasonable inference but not ship-proven. The litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (pacing-blocked, partially run). Deck logs (NARA RG 24), Dravo work packages, and any scrapping-contract records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-16-08