Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 643-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-169-lst169-pkt-643-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-169 - construction, sponsor, commissioning, Gilbert Islands/Marianas/Leyte campaigns, occupation duty, decommissioning, strike, disposal, three battle stars (live NHHC page, fetched via Firecrawl 2026-10-02) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-169 entry, full text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents for this hull: laid down 1 October 1942 at Evansville, Ind., by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co.; launched 26 February 1943; sponsored by Mrs. L. S. Oakes; commissioned 22 May 1943. Asiatic-Pacific operations: Gilbert Islands operation (November-December 1943); Marianas operation - capture and occupation of Saipan (June-July 1944); Leyte landing (October 1944). Occupation duty in the Far East until early December 1945; returned to the United States; decommissioned 12 April 1946; struck from the Navy list 19 June 1946; sold 24 October 1947 to Luria Steel & Trading Corp., New York, N.Y., for scrapping. Three battle stars for World War II service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Construction trades (Evansville, 1942-43); USCG ship's company and embarked troops (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official history only; no asbestos or material content. Bare-bones entry - commissioning location, Saipan-period detail, and the 1945 typhoon damage are not stated here (typhoon and postwar itinerary come from the USCG Historian's sheet, ev-03). DANFS prints 'Par East' - an obvious typo for 'Far East.'
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-169 (10/16/160169.htm, verified live 2026-10-02) - designation timeline, USCG manning, unit assignments, spec block, commanding-officer list, awards, disposal [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160169.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, CO table, awards block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource documents for this hull: LST-1-class tank landing ship laid down 1 October 1942 at Missouri Valley Bridge and Iron Co., Evansville, IN; launched 26 February 1943; commissioned USS LST-169 22 May 1943, LT Robert S. Kittredge USCGR in command; page banner states 'USS LST-169 was manned by the US Coast Guard during World War II.' Assigned to LST Flotilla Thirteen, LST Group Thirty-Nine, LST Division Seventy-Seven, and LST Flotilla Fourteen (CAPT. E.A. Seay USN), LST Group Forty-Two (CDR. G.E. Artz USN), LST Division Eighty-Four. Campaigns: Tarawa (Gilbert Islands) 21 November - 8 December 1943; capture and occupation of Saipan 15 June - 3 July 1944; Leyte landings 20 October 1944. Navy Occupation service 24 September - 11 December 1945. Decommissioned 12 April 1946; struck from the Naval Register 19 June 1946; sold for scrapping 24 October 1947 to Luria Steel and Trading Corp., New York, N.Y. Spec block: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t full; 328 ft oa x 50 ft; 11.6 kt; 2 x GM 12-567A 900 hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, 2 propellers 1,700 shp, 3 x 100 kW 230 V DC ship's service generators; complement 13 officers / 104 enlisted; troops 16 officers / 147 enlisted; 2 LCVP; radio call sign NPFO. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (3 battle stars), WWII Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp), Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal. CO list: LT Robert S. Kittredge USCGR (23 May 1943 - May 1945); LT David L. Gershon Jr. USCGR (May 1945 - 2 August 1945); LT Robert Sanderson USCGR (2 August 1945 - 12 April 1946). Photos include an uncredited USCG Historian's Office image of the ship at anchor.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- USCG ship's company (~117) plus embarked troops (1943-46)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - dates cross-check cleanly against DANFS and the USCG Historian's sheet, and the USCG manning banner is corroborated by the USCG sheet and the commissioned-crew New Yorker account. CO-table start date (23 May 1943) differs by one day from the DANFS commissioning date (22 May 1943). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-02
-
[4]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, USS LST-169 cutter file sheet (uscg.mil PDF). ARCHIVED COPY - the live uscg.mil URL is dead (HTTP 403 to curl / 404 via Firecrawl, 2026-10-02); content verified from the 2017-05-07 Wayback capture. Sources on the sheet: LST files, Coast Guard Historian's Office; The Coast Guard At War vol. V Transports and Escorts vol. 2 (1949); DANFS vol. VII (1981). [museum_official]
- Locator
- Wayback capture 2017-05-07 of uscg.mil/history/cutters/USN/LST/LST_169.pdf (3 pp., text extracted)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The USCG Historian's Office hull sheet documents for this hull beyond DANFS: Coast Guard-manned; assigned LST Flotilla 13, Group 39, Division 77; present at three Pacific invasions - Tarawa (21 November - 8 December 1943), Saipan (15 June - 3 July 1944), Leyte (20 October 1944); at Leyte 'she reported firing on a friendly plane on 25 October 1944' and 'the next day she was in action with enemy aircraft.' Reached Okinawa 25 September 1945; damaged in a typhoon in the Okinawa area on 9 October 1945; proceeded to Jinsen, Korea; returned to Galveston, Texas, on 2 March 1946 via Saipan, San Pedro, San Diego, and the Canal Zone; decommissioned at Galveston 12 April 1946. Sheet specs: complement 111, troops 163; armament 7 x 40mm single, 6 x 20mm single, 2 x .50-cal, 4 x .30-cal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- USCG ship's company; embarked troops; occupation-period passengers
- Limitations
- Official USCG historical-office sheet but secondary-compilation quality (postwar, drawing on Coast Guard At War and DANFS); the typhoon-damage scope and repair location are not stated. Complement/armament figures differ modestly from the NavSource class spec block and the ship's own action report (7 x 40mm, 12 x 20mm in October 1944). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-03
-
[5]NARA NAID 78304475, 'USS LST-169 - War Diary, 7/1/43 to 11/30/43' (RG 38, World War II War Diaries; Roll A826; 163 images; digitized via Fold3) - downloaded and OCR-read in full this session [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78304475 images 0003-0163; collision narrative on the 24 August 1943 page; Bethlehem Alameda mooring on the 13-19 September 1943 pages; Tarawa beaching on 24 November 1943 pages
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's own war diary (163-image file unit; page-images 0003-0163 - 161 pages - downloaded and OCR-read; ribbon-degraded carbon copies, legible with effort) documents: July 1943 arrival at San Diego and degaussing-range runs; transit to San Francisco; embarkation of Army personnel (153 men, 6 officers, Pier 41); Aleutians deployment - beached at Great Sitkin Island, Alaska, loading Navy heavy equipment 24 August 1943, when a Navy harbor tug rammed her starboard side just forward of amidships (sprung longitudinal frame, ~5-foot horizontal plating seam) and, swinging on the stern anchor, she collided with USS Fillmore docked at Army Pier #2 - 'Starboard bow door screw buckled beyond repair, and guide shattered. Bow door would not close due to this damage.' Moored alongside destroyer tender USS Black Hawk at Sweeper Cove 26 August while Black Hawk workmen repaired the starboard bow door and welded the plating hole. Return to San Francisco Bay; moored 13-19 September 1943 at the 'cement dock, Bethlehem Steel repair dock, Alameda, California,' with Bethlehem Steel Corp. yard workmen aboard on repair jobs daily (engine shock absorbers, filters and supplies loaded; refueled alongside; departed SF Bay evening 19 September via the degaussing range and harbor nets). Port Hueneme 22-24 September loading Acorn-unit equipment and personnel; departed 24 September in convoy with LSTs 169, 69, 20 in port column and LSTs 23, 205 starboard; Pearl Harbor early October (moored Iroquois Point; repair party aboard to check radar; senior officer present examined the bow-door damage). Gilbert Islands operation: convoy off Tarawa 20 November; anchored in the lagoon, then beached on Buota Island 24 November, unloading tank-deck and main-deck cargo under red-alert air warnings.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-07-01 to 1943-11-30
- Population
- USCG ship's company; embarked Army personnel; Bethlehem Steel Corp. Alameda yard workmen (September 1943); USS Black Hawk repair personnel (August 1943)
- Limitations
- Primary ship-produced record; documents events and dates, not material content - the diary does not say 'asbestos,' does not itemize what the Bethlehem Steel or Black Hawk repair parties installed or disturbed, and does not name the repair work package. OCR is degraded on some pages; quoted phrases were spot-verified against the displayed images. The tug is rendered 'XT 366(?)/YT-366' with the typist's own uncertainty parenthetical.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-04
-
[6]NARA NAID 139788867, 'USS LST-169 - Rep of Ops in the Invasion of Leyte Is, Philippines on 10/20-28/44' (Action Report, Commanding Officer to CinC U.S. Fleet via LST Flotilla 16 Group 46 and CTF 79, dated 1 November 1944; micro serial 100674; 3 images; digitized via Fold3) - OCR-read this session [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 139788867, images 0798-0800 of Roll A1325 export; report date 1 November 1944
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's Leyte action report documents: designated by ComTaskFor 79 to make the initial launching of LVTs and DUKWs in the attack on Leyte Island; LVT launch with troops off Dulag village accomplished 0847, 20 October 1944; DUKW unloading on the northern end of Yellow Beach 2 at 1525; trucks, jeeps, tractors, ammunition, trailers and personnel gear discharged that night 'under mortar and sniper fire which failed to score hits.' She remained to unload transports Thuban, Chara, Clymer and Alshain. Statistics for 20-26 October: 46 general quarters of 1-5 hours; planes actually over the ship or adjacent vessels during 17 of them; claims two enemy planes destroyed (a Val and an Irving). Addenda: anchored 900 yards off Blue Beach 1 on the night of 25 October when a Japanese raider bombed the ammunition dump on Yellow Beach 2 (no damage aboard); lying ahead and to port of a Liberty ship that caught fire off Tacloban the night of 27 October after a Japanese plane crashed aft of it; among the LSTs on the beach off Dulag when Japanese fleet units were reported nearby; a few of her batteries briefly opened fire on a friendly plane 25 October before the cease-fire order (the incident the USCG sheet also records). Ordered to ComTaskFor 78.2 at Tacloban 27 October; embarked 134 passenger survivors from the naval battle off Leyte on 28 October for conveyance to Hollandia, arriving 4 November. 'This vessel suffered no casualties'; 950 rounds of 40mm ammunition expended by seven guns and 4,900 rounds by twelve 20mm guns.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-10-20 to 1944-11-04
- Population
- USCG ship's company; embarked troops; crews of the unloaded transports; 134 embarked battle survivors
- Limitations
- Primary ship-produced record. The source vessel of the 134 battle survivors is not stated in the text read. No asbestos or material content. Four companion action-report file units for this hull (10/25 and 10/26/44 AA actions, 10/25/44 friendly-plane report, 11/27/44 enemy-aircraft action) and one duplicate transcription of this same report exist in the catalog (ev-11).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-05
-
[7]The New Yorker, 'The Maiden Voyage of LST 169,' part I (27 November 1943) and part II (4 December 1943) - firsthand narrative by a Coast Guard gunnery officer serving aboard (live pages, fetched via Firecrawl 2026-10-02) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Part I: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1943/11/27/maiden-voyage-of-lst-169-i; Part II: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1943/12/04/maiden-voyage-of-lst-169-ii
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A commissioned-crew firsthand account documents the commissioning ceremony held at the Evansville yard beside the Ohio River (0900 the morning after the seven USCG officers came aboard; initial complement six-to-seven officers and 'sixty-six enlisted Coast Guard men'); a Navy ferry crew ran the ship down the Ohio and Mississippi (past Paducah and Cairo) to New Orleans; roughly two weeks fitting out at Algiers Naval Station across the river (stores drawn from the naval supply depot; ship camouflaged; an LCT with a 13-man Navy crew hoisted onto the main deck); then orders onward - consistent with the diary's July 1943 San Diego arrival via the Canal route.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-05 to 1943-06
- Population
- USCG commissioned crew (7 officers, 66 enlisted at commissioning)
- Limitations
- A literary first-person account, not an official record - color detail is reliable for events the author participated in, but his remembered figures (e.g., 'three hundred and twenty-four feet long ... forty-foot beam ... fifty-five hundred tons') differ from official specs and are not carried here. No asbestos or material content; the piece ends before the Pacific deployment.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-06
-
[8]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (1945), LST design table (shipscribe.com scan, verified live 2026-10-02); NavSource LST-169 spec block; lst-1-class class profile (class-f worktree, 2026-09-16) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2 LST design table; NavSource 160169.htm specifications block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era inference for this hull: the LST-1 design group ran a diesel plant (2 x GM 12-567A diesels, 1,700 shp total, Falk reduction gear, twin screws - BuShips design table and this hull's NavSource spec block) with no boilers, so the steam-plant lagging pathway of boiler vessels does not apply. Asbestos-relevant applications aboard a 1943 diesel landing ship of this type were the era-standard set - diesel-exhaust and machinery-space lagging, gaskets and packing, accommodation thermal insulation, deck coverings - and this hull's documented repair events (tender repairs alongside USS Black Hawk at Sweeper Cove, August 1943; the 13-19 September 1943 Bethlehem Steel Corp. Alameda repair availability, ev-04; typhoon damage at Okinawa, 9 October 1945, ev-03) placed yard and tender work aboard this hull inside the Navy's asbestos-use era.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron construction trades (1942-43); USCG ship's company and embarked troops (1943-46); Bethlehem Steel Alameda and USS Black Hawk repair personnel (1943); 1947 shipbreakers
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or repair work package was located for LST-169. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantities; no manufacturer attribution. The repair events are documented fact; their material scope is not itemized in any source located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1942-43), her wartime service and documented repair availabilities, and her 1947 scrapping.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, reconfirmed 2026-10-02) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-08
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 search (authenticated, fleet-paced helper), opinion and RECAP docket indexes [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-169-lst169-09 through -11
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation located: exact-phrase "LST-169" returned 0 in the opinion index and 0 in the RECAP docket index; "LST 169" asbestos in opinions returned 0. No docketed case or opinion naming this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- CourtListener indexes published opinions and RECAP dockets - state-court filings, unreported settlements, MDL-875 pleading-level vessel lists, and non-digitized dockets are outside coverage. A zero qualifying result means no located docketed case/opinion naming this hull, not proof none exists.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-09
-
[11]Batch-6727 search ledger (this record): DANFS; NavSource; USCG Historian's Office hull sheet (archived); NARA catalog + one full war-diary file unit and one action report read in full plus a muster-roll unit; BuShips SDB 1945 v2; GAO product page; CourtListener API (opinion + docket); NVR; NIOSH HHE check; secondary web sweep; New Yorker firsthand account; USNA action-report finding aid [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-169-lst169-01 through -17
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material schedule, or qualifying case naming LST-169 was found in the public sources searched. The strongest ship-specific documentation is operational (war diary + action report) and confirms documented repair availabilities - tender repairs alongside USS Black Hawk at Sweeper Cove (August 1943) and the Bethlehem Steel Corp. repair dock at Alameda (13-19 September 1943) - relevant repair/refit events, but no primary source read names asbestos aboard this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - construction at a wartime inland yard and the documented 1943 yard and tender repairs sit squarely inside the Navy's asbestos-use era. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-10
-
[12]NARA catalog, "USS LST-169" - 58 file units (fuzzy relevance; ship-titled units: war diary NAID 78304475; Leyte action reports NAIDs 139788867, 139792164, 139792166, 139792169, 139788864, 101742546; muster roll NAID 126475116 'LST-169, 8/31/44-8/31/44' - U.S. Navy Muster Rolls, Ancestry-sourced, 7 images, enlisted roster for the quarter ending 31 August 1944); USNA MS 415 WWII Ship Action Reports finding aid lists 'U.S.S. LST-169, October-November 1944 - destruction of Japanese planes at Leyte and general action at Leyte' [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov "USS LST-169" result set; NAID 126475116 record page; https://www.usna.edu/Library/sca/man-findingaids/view.php?f=MS_415 (Box 13, Folder 50 entry)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Primary archive coverage for this hull is digitized but incomplete: the only ship-titled war diary surfaced covers 1 July - 30 November 1943 (NAID 78304475, read in full); a ship-titled muster roll covers the quarter ending 31 August 1944 (NAID 126475116, 7 images - alphabetical enlisted roster, no totals page among the images); five further ship-titled Leyte file units are digitized (AA action 25 and 26 October 1944, enemy-aircraft action 27 November 1944, friendly-plane firing report 25 October 1944, and a second transcription of the 20-28 October invasion report). Ship-titled diaries for December 1943 onward (Saipan period, Leyte period, occupation/typhoon period) were not surfaced; parent-unit diaries (LST Flotilla 13/Group 39 and LST Flotilla 14/Group 42 runs) are the coverage bridge. Army Morning Report rolls name the ship in passenger context.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Ship's company (1943-46); researchers
- Limitations
- Archival-lead row: the four companion Leyte reports, the duplicate transcription, and any post-November-1943 ship diaries were not read beyond their catalog titles; WWII deck logs proper for this hull are not in the digitized deck-log program checked; RG 181 yard work-package records for the September 1943 Bethlehem Steel Alameda availability are an open archival lead; the typhoon-damage repair location/scope (October 1945) is undocumented in sources located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-169-lst169-11