Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet xu-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (thin sourcing disclosed)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- qualifier: VERIFIED (thin sourcing disclosed)
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-199-lst199-pkt-xu-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-199 - build data, sponsor, USN commission/decommission, Lend-Lease transfer, loss, striking (NHHC live page; content retrieved via Firecrawl - direct fetch returns 404 to this network, standing NHHC bot-mitigation defect) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, L volume, LST-199
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'laid down on 27 June 1942 at Seneca, Ill., by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.; launched on 7 February 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Mary Bell; and commissioned on 1 March 1943. LST-199 saw no service with the United States Navy. On 19 March 1943, she was decommissioned and transferred to the United Kingdom. On 27 March 1946, she was lost while on lease and was struck from the Navy list on 17 April 1946.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- CB&I Seneca construction trades (1942-43); USN commissioning crew (March 1943); RN crews (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. DANFS dates her USN commission 1 March 1943 - a brief 18-day commission solely to effect the Lend-Lease transfer; 'saw no service with the United States Navy' refers to operations, not commission status. Live page verified via Firecrawl 2026-10-02; direct curl returns 404 (NHHC bot mitigation, same standing defect as batches 01 and 98).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, LST-199 / HM LST-199 - timeline, Royal Navy service narrative, specifications, photo captions (live, HTTP 200 verified) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160199.htm header block, Royal Navy History block, Specifications block, image captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: transferred to the United Kingdom 19 March 1943; commissioned into the Royal Navy as HM LST-199, 20 March 1943; sailed from New York in convoy UGS 8A, 14 May 1943. Campaigns credited: Sicilian occupation; Salerno landings (landed elements of the 89th Field Artillery Battalion, U.S. 45th Infantry Division); Reggio landings; assigned to the canceled Malaya operation - with the note that MacDermott, 'Ships Without Names,' lists Sicily, Salerno, Reggio, Anzio, Normandy, and Malaya. Mined off Surabaya 5 November 1945; lost at sea 27 March 1946; paid off 29 March 1946; struck from the Naval Register 17 April 1946. Photo captions document the launch at Seneca 7 February 1943, the ship beached unloading probably at Anzio January 1944 alongside HM LST-11, and beached unloading trucks at Normandy circa 6-25 June 1944. Specifications: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t full; 328 ft o.a.; 50 ft beam; 11.6 kt; 13 officers / 104 enlisted + 16 officers / 147 enlisted troops; two GM 12-567A 900 hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gears, three diesel-drive 100 kW generators, two propellers 1,700 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- RN crews 1943-46 incl. embarked troops; Seneca launch/workforce
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - dates generally track NVR/DANFS and here converge with DANFS, uboat.net, and shipbuildinghistory. The Anzio and Normandy campaign credits rest on MacDermott 'Ships Without Names' as attributed by NavSource plus photographic captions; not independently verified against RN operational records. Contains no asbestos content. 'Mined off Surabaya' and 'lost at sea 27 March 1946' are not linked causally in the source and the sinking's location/manner is not detailed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-02
-
[4]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII: USS LST 199 (USN entry, ship/11297) and HMS LST 199 (RN entry, ship/12227) - build dates, commission/decommission dates, commanding officer list [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/11297.html (USN table) and ship/12227.html (RN table + commands)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USN entry: ordered 23 March 1942; laid down 27 June 1942 at Chicago Bridge and Iron Co., Seneca IL; launched 7 February 1943; commissioned 1 March 1943; decommissioned 19 March 1943 for transfer to the Royal Navy. RN entry: commissioned 20 March 1943; end of service 23 January 1946; sunk 27 March 1946. Commanding officers (wartime): Cdr. George Charles Henry Noakes RD RNR (June-23 Aug 1943); T/A/Lt.Cdr. Harry Cecil Gaffney RNR (23 Aug 1943-11 Apr 1944); A/Cdr. Christopher Bryan Stracey Clitherow RN (11 Apr 1944-Jul 1945); Cdr. (ret.) Martyn Butt Sherwood DSO RN (Jul-1 Oct 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- RN commanding officers and crews 1943-45
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled specialist database (Gudmundur Helgason's Allied Warships), secondary not primary; CO names drawn from Navy Lists. 'End service 23 Jan 1946' vs NavSource 'paid off 29 Mar 1946' is an unresolved discrepancy (see gaps). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-03
-
[5]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton), Chicago Bridge & Iron Seneca IL yard table and yard history - LST 199 build row and disposition [other_primary]
- Locator
- chicagobridge.htm, Seneca IL construction table, row 'LST 199'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Yard table row for this hull: LST 199, U.S. Navy Landing Ship Tank - keel laid 6/27/42, launched 2/7/43, delivered 3/1/43; 225 days on ways, 22 days in water, 247 days total; disposition 'To Britain 1943, lost at sea 1946.' Yard context: the Navy requisitioned the Chicago Bridge & Iron facility at Seneca IL in 1942 and invested $6 million in improvements; the 200-acre 'Prairie Shipyard' built 157 LSTs/ARLs and was sold to Union Mechling in 1949.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1943 (build); 1946 (loss)
- Population
- CB&I Seneca construction workforce (~27,000 across the war per LST Association memorial/press coverage)
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation (Colton's shipbuilding-history tables) - consistent with DANFS/NavSource on every overlapping date. 'Delivered 3/1/43' aligns with the DANFS commission date. No asbestos content; yard history contains no material-safety data.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-04
-
[6]unithistories.com, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve officers 1939-1945 (service-record-derived career tables) - Engineer Officer appointment to HM LST 199, 4th LST Flotilla [other_primary]
- Locator
- RNVR_officersW3.html, entry for Wright, Bernard Henry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Service-record-derived entry: T/Lt. (E) Bernard Henry Wright, RNVR (b. 29 Apr 1912), appointed 22 January 1945 to '(04.1946)' as Engineer Officer, HM LST 199 (landing ship, tank) 'and for flotilla duties, 4th LST Flotilla' - documenting engineering officers aboard this hull through the final months of service, spanning the Surabaya mining and into the loss window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- RN engineering officers/crews, 4th LST Flotilla (1945-46)
- Limitations
- Secondary research site transcribing Navy List/service-record appointments; establishes a named engineer officer's appointment window, not the full crew list or any exposure data. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-05
-
[7]UK National Archives (Kew), ADM 267/124 - Admiralty, Director of Naval Construction: Damage Reports and Files, 'Mine and Shell' series, including a file for LST 199 (1941-1945); open document, not digitised [other_primary]
- Locator
- TNA Discovery reference ADM 267/124, catalogue ID C2754793
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- An official Admiralty damage-report file naming LST 199 exists at The National Archives, Kew, in ADM 267/124 (DNC 'Mine and Shell' damage reports, 1941-1945) - the file series that documents the 5 November 1945 mining off Surabaya for this hull. Catalogue status: Public Record, Open Document, not digitised.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (file coverage); 1945 (LST-199 event)
- Population
- RN crew and any repair/disposal trades connected to the Surabaya mine damage (1945-46)
- Limitations
- Catalogue-level verification only - the file's contents have not been examined (physical copy or paid reproduction required). The catalog description confirms LST 199 is among the vessels covered but does not describe the damage extent, repair disposition, or any material content. No asbestos inference should be drawn from a damage-report file.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource/DANFS propulsion data (2 x GM 12-567A diesels, Falk reduction gears - diesel plant, no boilers); LST-1-class profile (class-f lst-1-class profile: inland 'cornfield' yard construction, exposure relevance concentrated in engine/exhaust lagging, gaskets, deck coverings, accommodation insulation); wartime federal reservation of asbestos supply for shipbuilding [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; LST-1 class profile; GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-08)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1942-43 diesel-powered tank landing ship built at an emergency inland yard sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard applications aboard a diesel LST of this period were engine and diesel-exhaust lagging, thermal insulation on machinery and piping, gaskets and valve packing, electrical insulation, deck coverings, and accommodation insulation. As a diesel ship she carried no boilers or turbines - the steam-lagging pathway does not apply; exposure relevance concentrates in the engine room/exhaust runs and internal insulation/finishes.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- CB&I Seneca construction trades (1942-43); USN brief commission crew (Mar 1943); RN crews incl. engine-room staff (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, or survey located for LST-199. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction era (1942-43). The Navy's 1975 policy removed/replaced only damaged insulation; a 1979 modification added selective replacement in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979 (report); exposure era reviewed covers 1940s-1970s
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull - and note this hull spent its operational life under the Royal Navy (1943-46), outside USN maintenance systems. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-10-02) - content via product-page highlights.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-08
-
[10]MAST (Maritime Archaeology Sea Trust), Royal Navy Loss List complete database, 27 February 2023 edition - LST entries checked against LST 199 [other_primary]
- Locator
- rn-loss-list-2023-02-27.pdf, Landing Ships Tank entries (pp. ~190-191 of extracted text); naval-history.net WW2BritishLosses4Amphib.htm LST list
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NEGATIVE FINDING: HM LST-199 does not appear in the MAST Royal Navy Loss List. The database lists 15 other LST/LCT-series hulls lost in RN service (LST 79, 80, 178, 216, 305, 3521, 362, 364, 407, 411, 414, 418, 420, 422, 429) but not LST 199 - consistent with her March 1946 sinking falling outside operational-loss records (she had been out of service since January 1946 and was on lease, not fully RN-owned). The standard RN loss compilations (HMSO 'British Vessels Lost at Sea 1939-45' via naval-history.net) likewise do not include her - that series ends 1945 and her sinking was a 1946 event.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1946 loss window; 2023 database edition
- Limitations
- Absence from the loss database is a documentation-level fact about record coverage, not evidence about the sinking itself - NavSource, uboat.net, DANFS, and shipbuildinghistory all record the 27 March 1946 loss. The MAST list focuses on losses likely to have left material remains; a hull lost at sea under undisclosed circumstances may legitimately be absent. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-09
-
[11]Batch-6745 search ledger (this record): DANFS (NHHC); NavSource 160199; uboat.net ship/11297 + ship/12227; shipbuildinghistory CB&I Seneca table; unithistories RNVR officers; TNA Discovery (ADM 267/124); MAST RN Loss List; NVR; NARA catalog; CourtListener opinions; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-199-01 through sl-uss-lst-199-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, material schedule, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS LST-199 / HM LST-199 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search '"LST-199"' returned 0 results and '"LST 199" asbestos' returned 0 results; the docket (type=r) search could not be completed this session (fleet pacing throttle - logged blocked, not a negative result). The hull sank at sea in 1946 - there is no scrapping, museum, or conversion phase in which an abatement record could exist.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1942-43 naval build is era-consistent with asbestos-containing insulation and fittings, and the Admiralty damage file (ADM 267/124) may hold material detail once examined. CourtListener docket search remains open. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility; potential claimants would primarily be Royal Navy personnel under UK compensation frameworks, not US courts.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-199-10