Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 660-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-314-lst314-pkt-660-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-314 (NHHC ship-history page, published 2015-07-30; live page returned 404 on 2026-10-02 - Wayback capture 2025-05-31 used and labeled archived) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry text (single-paragraph ship history)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'LST-314 was laid down on 7 September 1942 at the New York Navy Yard; launched on 30 December 1942; sponsored by Mrs. Gertrude F. Holmes; and commissioned on 15 January 1943. During World War II, LST-314 was assigned to the European theater and participated in the following operations: Sicilian occupation - July 1943; Salerno landings - September 1943; Invasion of Normandy - June 1944. The tank landing ship was sunk by an enemy torpedo off Normandy on 9 June 1944. On 22 August 1944, she was struck from the Navy list. LST-314 earned three battle stars for World War II service.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- New York Navy Yard construction trades (1942-43); ship's company and embarked troops (1943-44)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Live NHHC URL https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/l/lst-314.html returned 404 on 2026-10-02 (standing NHHC link-rot defect from Batch 01) - content verified via the cited Wayback capture; the archive URL is cited, not presented as the live source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-314 page (verified LIVE 2026-10-02 on the .net domain) - milestone timeline, commanding officer, campaign table, awards, specifications, photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- Page header, awards block, campaign table, specifications block, photo-caption credits
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: 'Lost due to enemy action, 9 June 1944.' Laid down 7 September 1942 at New York Navy Yard, Brooklyn; launched 30 December 1942; commissioned USS LST-314, 15 January 1943, LCDR. Alvin H. Tutt in command (CO table: 15 January 1943 - 9 July 1944 - see gaps for the end-date anomaly). Campaigns (Europe-Africa-Middle East): Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; Invasion of Normandy 6-9 June 1944. 'Sunk by an enemy torpedo off the coast of Normandy, 9 June 1944'; struck from the Naval Register 22 August 1944; three battle stars. Awards block: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive, 9 June 1944); individual awards - Silver Star x2 (LCDR Alvin H. Tutt, Normandy invasion; LTjg. Fred B. Smith, Jr., Salerno landing); Purple Heart 67 (KIA; unknown # WIA), Normandy, 9 June 1944. Spec block: LST-1 class; 328' oa; 50' beam; 11.6 kts trial; complement 9 officers/120 enlisted; troop accommodations 14 officers/131 enlisted; propulsion 2 x GM 12-567A 900-hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, three diesel-drive 100 kW 230-V D.C. ship's service generators, 2 propellers 1,700 shp. Photo captions document the hull beached during the Sicily operation July-August 1943 (US National Archives photo 80-G-54629), beached and unloading British 5th Infantry Division troops and Universal Carriers at Salerno 8-10 September 1943 (IWM NA6628, NA6668, NA6622, NA6691; LIFE/George Rodger), and loading supplies at Castletown, Portland, England, with LST-374 in early June 1944 (US Army Signal Corps photo C-745, color).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- New York Navy Yard construction trades (1942-43); crew ~129 (1943-44); embarked troops/casualties
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - dates track DANFS and photo captions cite NARA/IWM/Signal Corps accession numbers. Contains no asbestos content. Page verified live on www.navsource.net (the .org domain is dead per batch rule - .net cited).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-02
-
[4]Office of Naval Records and Library recorded interview with Lieutenant Commander Alvin H. Tutt, USN, Commanding Officer of LST 314 and Division Commander, LST Division 68, Flotilla 12, recorded 24 July 1944 (HyperWar transcription, ibiblio.org) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Interview transcript, Q&A exchanges on Normandy operations and the torpedoing
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary-source account of this hull's loss by her commanding officer: on D-Day, LST-314 'was the lead ship of LST's on Omaha beach,' unloaded by Rhino, remained in the transport area ~7 miles offshore, took 42 casualties on the first trip and returned to Weymouth. On the second crossing (night of 8-9 June) LST-316 was group flagship and LST-314 column leader of the 2nd column - five LSTs plus British destroyer escort - carrying heavy ordnance with drivers only. Torpedoed by E-boats 18-20 miles from the beach: 'Two torpedoes hit me, one about 30 seconds before the other... a third torpedo hit the ship, fourth torpedo missing the ship some 50 feet. The ship sank very rapidly, in about 26 minutes... the bow came to the surface, stayed afloat for approximately seven more minutes before sinking.' The stern ship (LST-376) was torpedoed in the same attack. An E-boat trained a searchlight on survivors and departed without firing. Survivors were 2-4 hours in 52-degree water - 'several men were lost from exposure' - rescued by HMS Beagle and landed at Portsmouth, then to the Plymouth survivors camp, where Tutt wrote his sinking report, completed after return to the States. Medical staff aboard: 4 officers (2 Army, 2 Navy) and 24 hospital corpsmen.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-06 to 1944-06-09 (events); interview 1944-07-24
- Population
- Ship's company (~129), embarked drivers/ordnance personnel, and medical detachment aboard at loss
- Limitations
- Recorded six weeks after the sinking - an officer's recollection, not a log; times are approximate (the companion ship's CO times the first hit ~2:30 a.m.). Contains no asbestos or material content. Transcription hosted on HyperWar/ibiblio (reputable mirror of official Navy records), not the original recording.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-03
-
[5]U.S. Naval Institute, Naval History Magazine (June 2014, Vol. 28 No. 3), 'Lost to Enemy Action' - 'Torpedoed in the Channel,' oral account by Lieutenant (junior grade) C. B. Stanley, commanding officer, LST-376 (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-02; direct fetch returned 403) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Naval History Magazine, 'Torpedoed in the Channel' sidebar and footnote 4
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Corroborating eyewitness account of this hull's loss from the companion ship's CO: departed afternoon 8 June on the second channel crossing; 'we were traveling along about 20 miles offshore at 2:30, five LSTs in column, when LST-314 suddenly exploded... four minutes after LST-314 was hit, we were also hit by a torpedo.' Both ships sank; LST-376's boat shuttled survivors to the destroyer until ~7 a.m. - 'estimated... somewhere around 90 men altogether from both' ships. Editorial footnote: 'E-boat was a British term for any small, fast German craft. The torpedoes that sank LST-314 and LST-376 were presumably launched from 105-foot S-boats, or Schnellboots.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-08/09 (events); article 2014
- Population
- LST-314 and LST-376 ship's companies and survivors (June 1944)
- Limitations
- Names this hull but contains no asbestos content. The printed text reads 'LST-375' in the survivor-count sentence - a typographical error; Stanley commanded LST-376 and the footnote correctly identifies LST-314 and LST-376 (noted in gaps). 'Presumably' S-boats is the editor's inference - specific attacking boats are not identified in this source. Stanley's 2:30 timing and Tutt's looser '~midnight' narrative differ modestly - both carried as approximate.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-04
-
[6]Imperial War Museums object record FLA 5730, 'Flag, Ensign: LST-314, US Navy' - 48-star ensign inscribed '6TH JUNE - 44 / LST 314 - RED BEACH / Normandy, FRANCE' (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-02; direct fetch returned 403) [museum_official]
- Locator
- IWM collections object page, History note and Inscription fields
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official museum object record for this hull's ensign: the flag was recovered by Lieutenant Henry Lewis Oakes Jr on D-Day and used to mark a makeshift command post on Omaha Beach. IWM history note for this hull: on D-Day 'LST-314 was commanded by Lieutenant Commander Alvin H Tutt and was part of LST Division 68, Flotilla 12'; she 'carried assault troops and DUKWs from Assault Group O-1, 11th Amphibious Force, who landed at Omaha Beach,' anchored ~7 miles offshore, unloaded by assault boats and Rhino ferries, took casualties from the beach, returned to Weymouth, reloaded, and 'was sunk by German E-boats on the evening of 9 June 1944, resulting in the deaths of 67 officers and crew.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-06/09
- Population
- Ship's company at D-Day; Lt. Oakes / Mulberry 'A' task force
- Limitations
- Provenance/object record - no asbestos or material content. 'Evening of 9 June' is looser than the primary accounts (attack ~2:30 a.m. 9 June per the companion-ship CO; sinking complete within ~26 minutes) - flagged in gaps. The flag's survival is a D-Day provenance record, not ship material evidence.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-05
-
[7]United States Navy Memorial, Navy Log 'Lost Ship's Tribute' page for LST-314 (verified live 2026-10-02; prepared by CAPT R.O. Strange USN (Ret.)) [museum_official]
- Locator
- Navy Log ship page: Date Lost, tribute text, Lost At Sea name log
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Memorial record for this hull: 'Date Lost: Friday, June 9, 1944. Torpedoed in Engilsh [sic] Channel.' 'LST 314 was assigned to the European theater and participated in the following operations: Sicilian occupation, July 1943; Salerno landings, September 1943; Invasion of Normandy, June 1944. While off the coast of Normandy, LST 314 was struck by an enemy torpedo. Extensive damage sustained in torpedo attack sinks LST 314. 67 officers and crew perish in the attack.' The Lost At Sea log names 60 sailors for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-09
- Population
- 67 officers and crew killed; survivors (~60+ rescued via HMS Beagle)
- Limitations
- Casualty/memorial record - no asbestos content. The 60-name Lost At Sea log vs the 67-perished figure is a partial roster gap (noted in gaps). 'Engilsh' typo is the source's own text.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-06
-
[8]NARA Record Group 38, 'US, World War II War Diaries, 1941-1945': 'Rep of Torpedoing & Loss of USS LST 314 During Invasion of Normandy, France, 6/9/44' - document dated 6/13/1944, Reel A1012, Serial 002-B, Micro Serial 76415 (Fold3 NARA-partner digitization, index verified live 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Fold3 document 276958012, 'US, World War II War Diaries, 1941-1945' (NARA RG 38), Reel A1012, Serial 002-B
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The commanding officer's official loss report for this hull exists and is digitized: Tutt told the Office of Naval Records interviewer 'I wrote my sinking report from [the Plymouth survivors camp] and when I returned to the States I completed it'; the NARA RG 38 war-diaries series indexes 'Rep of Torpedoing & Loss of USS LST 314 During Invasion of Normandy, France, 6/9/44,' document date 13 June 1944, Reel A1012, Serial 002-B, with page-image scans hosted on Fold3 (premium access). This is the primary archival lead for the formal loss record - damage details, casualty accounting, and administrative action on the sinking.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-13 (document); loss 1944-06-09
- Population
- Ship's company and casualties of the 9 June 1944 loss
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the index/metadata record is verified but the page images are paywalled (Fold3 premium) and could not be read this session - content of the report is not independently confirmed. The NavSource-hosted copy of the same loss report (160314a.pdf) returned HTTP 500 and has no Wayback capture - see search_ledger. No asbestos content expected; war-loss report.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-07
-
[9]In re Eastern & Southern Districts Asbestos Litigation, 772 F. Supp. 1380 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 30, 1991) (Weinstein, J.) - 'This Document Applies To: All Brooklyn Naval Yard Shipyard Cases,' No. NYAL 4000, TS 90-9999 (CourtListener opinion 1821121, verified live 2026-10-02) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion at 1384 (yard-exposure narrative) and 1385-86 (consolidation/phasing)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Judicially documented asbestos exposure at this hull's construction yard: the published opinion states 'The New York Naval Shipyard, located in Brooklyn, is commonly referred to as the Brooklyn Navy Yard... During World War II and for the next thirty years thereafter, thousands of its workers were exposed to dangerous airborne asbestos fibers without being advised of the potential health consequences. The Navy, though aware of the hazards posed by asbestos dust, in its urge to build its warships as quickly as possible, did not inform workers of the dangers and neglected to take available protective precautions.' Several hundred Brooklyn Navy Yard personal-injury and wrongful-death asbestos cases were consolidated before Judge Weinstein and phased by share of Yard exposure (Phase I >90%, Phase II 50-90%, Phase III remainder); the joint federal-state consolidation totaled over 600 cases.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1991 (opinion); exposure era 1940s-1970s
- Population
- New York Naval Shipyard workforce, WWII-1970s exposure era
- Limitations
- YARD-LEVEL finding, not a hull record: the opinion documents asbestos exposure of the construction yard's workforce during the period this hull was built (1942-43) but does not name LST-314, does not address materials aboard any specific vessel, and does not establish exposure of any person aboard this hull. The opinion itself is a post-trial damages-computation memorandum in consolidated litigation - a merits-stage judicial record of yard conditions, classified at the stage it actually reached.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: DANFS + NavSource spec blocks (LST-1-class diesel design, 2 x GM 12-567A, no boilers); BuShips Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 2 LST design table (per LST-1-class profile, shipscribe.com scan); Atlas shipyards.json record for brooklyn-navy-yard (Kaylo (Owens-Illinois) documented product at this builder; evidence_tier 3); era amphibious-ship construction practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; BuShips SDB-1945 v2 LST table (via class profile); shipyards.json ev-brooklyn-navy-yard-04/-05
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered LST-1-class hull built at the New York Navy Yard in 1942-43 sits inside the Navy's asbestos-use era and inside a yard with judicially documented WWII-era asbestos exposure. Era-standard asbestos-relevant applications aboard a landing ship of this design and period were: engine-room and diesel-exhaust lagging; gaskets and valve packing on piping systems; thermal and acoustic insulation in accommodation and machinery spaces; deck coverings/tile; and brake linings on winches and windlass equipment. As a diesel ship with no boilers, the boiler/steam-drum lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, but the confined-hull machinery-space dynamic remains.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- New York Navy Yard construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-44)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, or work package can exist for a ship sunk in 1944, and none was located. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity, no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The Kaylo product attribution is a yard-level datum from the Atlas shipyard record, not hull evidence.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942-43) and service life (1943-44).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed in the Batch-98 session and re-confirmed by that session's ledger) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-10
-
[12]Batch-6851 search ledger (this record): DANFS via Wayback; NavSource 160314 live; ONR Tutt interview (HyperWar); USNI Stanley account; IWM FLA 5730; Navy Memorial navylog; Fold3/NARA RG 38 index; CourtListener API v4 (authenticated); NVR; GAO product page; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-314-01 through sl-uss-lst-314-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located - and none can exist in the usual categories for this hull: she was a total war loss in 1944, so no asbestos survey, abatement contract, donation-condition or museum hazmat disclosure exists. Litigation searches returned nothing naming her: CourtListener opinion index zero hits for 'LST-314' and 'USS LST-314'; the docket-index sweep's sole examined hit was an incidental string inside a 2,030-page mailing affidavit in the Big Lots chapter 11 case (Bankr. D. Del. 24-11967) - a name collision, not a case naming the vessel. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case or ship-specific asbestos documentation; unrelated Navy-ship cases surfaced (Constellation, Kitty Hawk, Badger) plus law-firm listicle material on LSTs generally - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era materials almost certainly went down with the ship. The docket-index re-run for full coverage remained queued behind the fleet pacing limiter at session end (logged in search_ledger and gaps). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-314-11