Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 666-packet.md (2 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-361-lst361-pkt-666-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS (NHHC) entry 'LST-361', Vol. VII boilerplate - archived copy (Wayback 2024-05-27); live history.navy.mil URL returns HTTP 404 (verified 2026-10-02) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC ship-history page 'LST-361' (DANFS Vol. VII)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LST-361 was laid down 10 August 1942 at Quincy, Mass., by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched 10 October 1942, sponsored by Mrs. Leverett Saltonstall; delivered to and commissioned by representatives of the United Kingdom on 16 November 1942; returned to U.S. Navy custody 7 March 1946; struck from the Navy list 5 June 1946; sold 11 October 1947 to Luria Bros. & Co., Inc., of Philadelphia, Pa., for scrapping.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Limitations
- DANFS covers identity and milestone dates only - no operational history and no asbestos or material content. Confirms the hull was never commissioned in the U.S. Navy (delivered to and commissioned by U.K. representatives the day of delivery).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-01
-
[3]NavSource Naval History, Amphibious Photo Archive - Tank Landing Ship LST-361 page (verified live 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.net/archives/10/16/160361.htm - RN history block and Specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Royal Navy operational record: commissioned as HM LST-361 on 16 November 1942; sailed from New York with the 1st Flotilla 27 January 1943 but turned back; sailed again 23 February 1943 for the Mediterranean via Bermuda; assigned Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater - Sicilian occupation 9-10 July 1943, Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943 (per MacDermott, Ships Without Names), Anzio-Nettuno advanced landing 22 January 1944, Invasion of Normandy 6 June 1944; post-invasion shuttle service Tilbury-Ostend-Antwerp; paid off and returned to U.S. Navy custody 7 March 1946. Spec block: 2x General Motors 12-567A 900-hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gears, three 100-kW diesel-driven DC ship's-service generators, twin screws (1,700 shp) - a diesel plant with no boilers; complement 13 officers/104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers/147 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Royal Navy crew (wartime); embarked troops
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-maintained per-hull reference (house canonical for LSTs) transcribing official data; the campaign list is attributed to MacDermott, Ships Without Names, not an action-report citation. The U.K. armament note is class-level. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-02
-
[4]Fore River Shipyard Production Record, Part 2: Hull 1398 through Hull 1693 (compiled A. Toppan, hazegray.org) - archived copy (Wayback 2024-12-02); live hazegray.org unreachable (HTTP 000) from this machine 2026-10-02 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Row for Fore River hull no. 1522
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Fore River hull 1522, 'LST 361', LST-1-class tank landing ship, owner 'US Navy for Royal Navy', new construction, delivered 16 November 1942, fate 'Scrapped 1947'. The production record states the yard was under Bethlehem Steel ownership throughout this period - confirming builder identity and the Lend-Lease build designation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Fore River Shipyard workforce (1942 build period)
- Limitations
- Compiled yard roster (secondary compilation of yard records), not a hull-level material or construction record; corroborates builder, delivery date, customer designation, and scrapping year. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-03
-
[5]Imperial War Museums War Office official photographs H 38977 and H 38976 (Capt. Knight), via NavSource captioning; IWM collections object 205359404 (H 38977) identified via search index [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource photo table, images 1016036102.jpg (H 38977) and 1016036103.jpg (H 38976); IWM object 205359404
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official British photography places HM LST-361 at Gosport on 1 June 1944 in final Normandy preparations: H 38977 shows HM LST-361 and HM LST-324 loading vehicles and equipment at Gosport; H 38976 shows a Sherman tank of the 13th/18th Hussars, 27th Armoured Brigade, reversing aboard HM LST-361.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-01
- Limitations
- The IWM catalog caption for object 205359404 reads only 'aboard an LST' - the hull attribution to LST-361 rests on NavSource's captioning, not the IWM record itself. iwm.org.uk returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches (2026-10-02), so the IWM object page is unverified live; treat hull attribution as probable, not confirmed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-04
-
[6]NavSource LST-361 specifications block (propulsion plant, verified ship-specifically aboard this hull) + LST-1-class design context (BuShips SD-1945 grouping) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource Propulsion and Specifications block; class design per lst-1-class profile
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered LST-1-class hull: with no boilers, the asbestos-relevant systems aboard were not boiler/turbine lagging but the era-standard applications - diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal and acoustic insulation, accommodation and bulkhead insulation, deck coverings/tile, and winch/windlass brake linings. Period U.S. Navy construction routinely used asbestos-containing insulation materials (see GAO HRD-80-2 program context, ev-uss-lst-361-06).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Fore River construction trades (1942); Royal Navy engine-room crew (1942-46)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no ship-specific material schedule, construction spec, or asbestos survey was located for this hull. Built to the U.S. Bureau of Ships LST design but delivered to and fitted out under Royal Navy control, so U.K.-side outfitting may differ from the U.S. pattern. Establishes no quantity and no individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) - archived product page (Wayback 2025-02-10); live gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches [gao]
- Locator
- HRD-80-2 product page, Highlights section
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: asbestos insulation was standard aboard Navy ships of the era; the 1975 policy removed and replaced only insulation that was damaged or required for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas - i.e., original-era insulation routinely remained in place for decades.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979 (report); WWII-era construction practices
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program review)
- Limitations
- Program-level report (fieldwork at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards) published 32 years after this hull was scrapped; it documents Navy asbestos policy, not this vessel. LST-361 left U.S. custody in 1942 under Lend-Lease and was scrapped 1947-48, well before the 1975/1979 policy era described.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-06
-
[8]Oliver v. Campbell McCormick, Inc., Civil No. CCB-16-1057 (D. Md.), Memorandum of July 18, 2016 (sever/remand ruling), via govinfo (verified live, PDF text extracted) [court_record]
- Locator
- Memorandum, Background section (Compl. para. 3 recital), p. 1-2
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- A federal court memorandum recounts the plaintiff's allegation that he worked as a pipefitter's and drafting apprentice at Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, 1967-1970, and that asbestos-containing products caused his mesothelioma - evidence that the yard that built this hull is a litigated asbestos-exposure site.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1967-1970 (alleged exposure); 2016 (ruling)
- Population
- Fore River Shipyard workers (1967-70 employment window)
- Limitations
- Pleading-stage allegation recounted in a procedural memorandum (motion to sever and remand granted) - not a trial finding that asbestos conditions existed at Fore River. The alleged exposure window (1967-70) post-dates this hull's 1942 construction by ~25 years and does not involve the vessel. Yard-level context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-07
-
[9]Selikoff IJ, Hammond EC. 'Asbestos-associated disease in United States shipyards.' CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 1978 Mar-Apr; PMID 417776 (metadata verified via NCBI E-utilities) [other_primary]
- Locator
- CA Cancer J Clin 1978;28(2):87-99; PMID 417776
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Landmark industry-level epidemiology documenting asbestos-associated disease (including mesothelioma) among U.S. shipyard workers of the WWII-era construction programs - the industry context in which this hull was built at a Bethlehem-operated yard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- WWII-era exposure; 1978 publication
- Population
- U.S. shipyard workers (industry-level)
- Limitations
- Industry-level epidemiology: the survey does not name Fore River/Quincy specifically and does not address this hull. It establishes era exposure patterns for the shipyard workforce, not asbestos aboard LST-361.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-08
-
[10]DANFS Vol. VII (1981), pp. 569-731 - 'Tank Landing Ships (LST)' program essay, hazegray mirror - archived copy (Wayback 2020-08-19); live hazegray.org unreachable (HTTP 000) 2026-10-02 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Vol. VII LST program essay, construction-program paragraphs
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- DANFS program context: the Bureau of Ships designed the LST to joint U.S.-U.K. requirements after the November 1941 Admiralty delegation; 1,152 LSTs were contracted and 1,051 built, of which 113 were transferred to Great Britain under lend-lease - the transfer track this hull followed. Materials procurement was centralized through the Bureau of Ships' Material Coordinating Agency; main propulsion machinery was Navy-furnished to builders.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1941-1945
- Limitations
- Program-level essay naming no individual hull; it contextualizes the Lend-Lease route and Navy-furnished-equipment build pattern but says nothing about materials content aboard LST-361.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-09
-
[11]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII - 'HMS LST 361 (LST 361)' record (verified live 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship record 12269; companion USN record ship/11437.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent corroboration of the Royal Navy record: HMS LST 361, LST (Mk 2) class, built by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., Quincy; laid down 10 Aug 1942, launched 10 Oct 1942, commissioned 16 Nov 1942, end of service 7 Mar 1946 ('decommissioned and returned to the USN'); the companion USS-record states the hull was never commissioned into the United States Navy. Wartime commanding officers listed: A/Lt.Cdr. Allan Walter Willis RNR (Aug 1943-Feb 1944), A/Cdr. Arthur Barclay Alison RN (Feb-Nov 1944), T/A/Lt.Cdr. Guy Horton Hummel RNR (Nov 1944-Jun 1945), T/A/Lt.Cdr. John Richard Windle RNR (Jun-Aug 1945), Lt. John Bruce Hogg RNR (Aug 1945-early 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Royal Navy crew
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a curated specialist database, not an official archive; it corroborates but does not replace the DANFS/NavSource record. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-10
-
[12]Batch-6900 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NHHC (live 404; Wayback capture verified), NavSource, Fore River production record (hazegray, live unreachable; Wayback capture), NVR, uboat.net, IWM collections (403-blocked), NARA catalog (JS-rendered), GAO product page (403; Wayback capture), PubMed, govinfo court record, general web sweep for hull-name asbestos litigation [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-361-01 through sl-uss-lst-361-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, museum or regulatory hazmat disclosure, shipyard material schedule, or qualifying litigation naming LST-361 / HM LST-361 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull was scrapped in 1947-48, decades before survey/abatement documentation regimes existed, so a negative paper trail is expected and carries limited weight. CourtListener could not be searched this session (fleet pacing budget spent; sl-uss-lst-361-12 blocked) - this negative finding does NOT cover the litigation index and litigation status remains open. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present; establishes only that no ship-specific public record was located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-361-11