Evidence
15 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-15).
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[1]research packet 667-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-368-lst368-pkt-667-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, HM LST-368 ex LST-368 (10/16/160368) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 160368 - title block, timeline text, Royal Navy History block, and specifications block (page verified live on navsource.net, 2026-10-02)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource amphibious archive page for HM LST-368: LST-368 was an LST-1 Type 2 class tank landing ship laid down 13 October 1942 at Bethlehem Steel Co., Quincy, MA; launched 24 November 1942; 'never saw active service in the US Navy'; delivered to the Royal Navy 4 January 1943; commissioned into the Royal Navy as HM LST-368 the same day; sailed from New York for the Mediterranean in convoy UGS6A on 19 March 1943; participated in the Sicilian occupation, Salerno landings, West Coast of Italy operations including Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings, the Normandy invasion, post-invasion operations between France and southern England, then sailed to India in 1945 and took part in the invasion of Malaya; paid off and returned to US Navy custody at Subic Bay on 16 March 1946; struck from the Naval Register 17 April 1946; final disposition 'destroyed, 16 June 1948.' Specification block: 1,625 tons light / 4,080 tons full load / 2,366 tons beaching displacement; 328 ft overall, 50 ft beam, 11.6 kt trial speed; complement 13 officers and 104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers and 147 enlisted; two LCVPs; typical payload 1,600-1,900 tons; two General Motors 12-567A 900 hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, three diesel-driven 100 kW 230 V DC ship-service generators, two propellers, 1,700 shp, twin rudders.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Bethlehem Quincy construction trades (1942); Royal Navy crew and embarked personnel (1943-1946)
- Limitations
- NavSource is the canonical volunteer-maintained per-hull compiled reference, not an official record; it supplies the fullest timeline and the diesel specification block. Its Royal Navy commissioning date conflicts with uboat.net and its final-disposition wording/date conflict with other sources - both are carried as disputes, not silently selected. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-01
-
[3]uboat.net, Allied Warships entry 'USS LST 368 (LST 368)' (ship/11444) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net USS LST 368 data table and History line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net's U.S. Navy warship entry for USS LST 368 lists the hull as an LST (Mk 2) tank landing ship built by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp. at Quincy; ordered 7 August 1942; laid down 13 October 1942; launched 24 November 1942; never commissioned into the United States Navy; transferred to the Royal Navy upon completion; returned to the USN on 16 March 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- U.S. Navy administrative custody only; Royal Navy operator after transfer
- Limitations
- Specialist compiled naval database, one step removed from primary records; corroborates the U.S.-side identity and non-commissioning/transfer spine. It supplies no U.S. commissioning date, campaign list, specifications, final disposition, or asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-02
-
[4]uboat.net, Allied Warships entry 'HMS LST 368 (LST 368)' (ship/12276) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net HMS LST 368 data table, Commands listed table, and 6 Feb 1945 convoy event text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net's Royal Navy warship entry for HMS LST 368 lists the ship as an LST (Mk 2) tank landing ship, pennant LST 368, built by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp. at Quincy; laid down 13 October 1942; launched 24 November 1942; commissioned 29 December 1942; end service 16 March 1946; decommissioned and returned to the USN on 16 March 1946. The command table lists A. E. Weightman, RNR (25 April 1943-May 1944) and T/A/Lt.Cdr. John Livingston, RNR (May 1944-October 1945). The page's event material places HMS LST 368, under Livingston, joining the Channel section of combined convoy ON 283 / OS 109 / KMS 83 from Portsmouth in February 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Royal Navy ship's company under Weightman and Livingston; embarked troops (periods not itemized)
- Limitations
- Specialist compiled database, not an official Royal Navy service record. Its 29 December 1942 commissioning date conflicts with NavSource's 4 January 1943 delivery/commissioning; the dispute is carried in the correction row and gaps. The event list is selective, not a full movement log. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-03
-
[5]National Army Museum Online Collection, NAM.1975-03-63-13-63, 'LST 368 at the quayside, Tripoli, Libya, 1943' [museum_official]
- Locator
- NAM object page, title/object description and accession-number block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- National Army Museum online collection record NAM.1975-03-63-13-63, a photograph titled 'LST 368 at the quayside, Tripoli, Libya, 1943,' states that LST-368 was an LST-1 Type 2 landing ship tank built in the United States by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation of Quincy, Massachusetts, in 1942; delivered to the Royal Navy in January 1943; took part in the Allied landings at Sicily, Salerno and Anzio, the invasion of Normandy in June 1944, and the invasion of Malaya in 1945; was struck off the US Navy's register in 1946 and scrapped in 1948.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Royal Navy crew and embarked troops in North Africa/Mediterranean service
- Limitations
- Official museum collection metadata and an object photograph, not a complete service history; it independently corroborates the build/transfer/campaign spine but compresses dates and says 'scrapped in 1948,' conflicting with NavSource's 'destroyed, 16 June 1948' and the yard table's 1947 scrapping date. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-04
-
[6]shipbuildinghistory.com (T. Colton), 'Bethlehem Quincy' yard hull table, hull 1529 row [other_primary]
- Locator
- Bethlehem Quincy page, yard-history paragraph and hull table row for yard hull 1529 / LST 368
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Tim Colton's shipbuildinghistory.com Bethlehem Quincy yard table lists yard hull 1529 as LST 368, a US Navy landing ship of 2,366 light-displacement tons and 328 ft, delivered 4 January 1943, disposition 'To Britain, scrapped 1947.' The same yard history identifies the Quincy operation as the former Fore River yard sold to Bethlehem Steel in 1913 and sold by Bethlehem to General Dynamics in 1963.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1947/1948
- Population
- Bethlehem Quincy construction workforce
- Limitations
- Specialist compiled builder-hull tabulation, not an official shipyard register; it corroborates yard hull number and the 4 January 1943 delivery date but conflicts on final disposition ('scrapped 1947') with NavSource and the National Army Museum. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-05
-
[7]Imperial War Museums collection object 205195611 / photo NA 11380 [museum_official]
- Locator
- IWM object page, Object description/Label and Object Details; NavSource 160368 photo caption
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Imperial War Museums object record for photograph NA 11380 documents South African troops of the 1991 Swaziland Smoke Company waiting to board landing craft at Castellammare before sailing for Anzio in January 1944, from the War Office Second World War Official Collection by Sgt. John H. B. Radford, No. 2 Army Film and Photographic Unit. NavSource's LST-368 page captions the image as troops waiting to board HM LST-368 and other landing ships.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-01
- Population
- South African troops of 1991 Swaziland Smoke Company; landing-ship crews at Castellammare
- Limitations
- The IWM catalog page verifies the official photograph metadata and Anzio context but does not itself name LST-368 in the object description; the hull identification rests on NavSource's caption. Used only as photographic corroboration of the documented Anzio operation, not as an independent hull identification. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-06
-
[8]Imperial War Museums collection object 205204498 / photo NA 11392 [museum_official]
- Locator
- IWM object page, Object description and Object Details; NavSource 160368 photo caption
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Imperial War Museums object record for photograph NA 11392 documents an Albion lorry and Sexton 25-pounder self-propelled gun coming ashore at Anzio in January 1944, with a DUKW alongside the jetty, from the War Office Second World War Official Collection by Sgt. John H. B. Radford, No. 2 Army Film and Photographic Unit. NavSource's LST-368 page captions the image as equipment coming ashore from HM LST-368.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-01
- Population
- British Army vehicle crews and landing-ship crews at Anzio
- Limitations
- The IWM catalog page verifies the photograph metadata and Anzio scene but does not itself name LST-368; the hull identification rests on NavSource's caption. Used only as photographic corroboration of the documented Anzio operation, not as an independent hull identification. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-07
-
[9]Consolidated era inference built on the NavSource specification block (diesel plant, no boilers), the LST-1 class profile's design grouping, and WWII-era Navy shipbuilding context [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 160368 specifications block (propulsion section); lst-1-class.class.json member row for LST-368 used as background only
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered LST-1 Type 2 hull built in 1942: the documented plant was two GM 12-567A diesels with no boilers, so the boiler/turbine steam-lagging pathway does not apply; asbestos-relevant applications for 1942-built amphibious hulls concentrate in diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, valve packing, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and winch/windlass brake linings.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Construction trades at Bethlehem Quincy (1942); Royal Navy crew and embarked troops (1943-1946); any postwar disposal workers (location undocumented)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no material schedule, insulation specification, survey, or other hull-specific record names LST-368. Establishes plausible application categories, not confirmed products, quantities, condition, exposure, causation, or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published 1979-10-18; publicly released 1979-10-22) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section (verified via Firecrawl; direct generic fetch returned HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, including the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs for asbestos-related disabilities. The published highlights state that the Navy's 1975 policy removed/replaced asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, and that the policy was modified in 1979 to include selective replacement in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1975-1979 review; hull chronology 1942-1948
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context only)
- Limitations
- Program-level context only and post-dates this hull's wartime service and disposal; fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk, not Bethlehem Quincy. It documents Navy asbestos-era policy generally, not material aboard LST-368, exposure, quantity, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-09
-
[11]Naval Vessel Register, LST-368 detail URL and site coverage note (site updated 2026-08-11) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NVR LST368 detail URL - generic shell and coverage statement, no hull detail block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Naval Vessel Register detail URL for LST-368 loaded only the NVR shell and general coverage text; no ship-specific detail record was exposed. The NVR states that it covers the official inventory and that ships disposed of prior to 1987 are currently not included, though data is gradually being added.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02 access; hull disposal 1947/1948
- Limitations
- Coverage limitation, not proof that no NVR record exists anywhere. LST-368 was stricken in 1946 and disposed of in 1947/1948, well before the NVR's stated pre-1987 coverage gap. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-10
-
[12]NARA Catalog web search plus Catalog API documentation; UK National Archives Discovery search [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA Catalog search URL; NARA Catalog API getting-started/API pages; Discovery searches for 'LST 368' and 'LST-368'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No clearly hull-specific digitized archival record for LST-368 was located this session: NARA Catalog web searches for exact phrase variants returned no ship-specific LST-368 file unit in the visible results; the Catalog API requires an x-api-key and no NARA key was available in the environment. UK National Archives Discovery web searches likewise surfaced no LST-368-specific record; likely relevant material, if any, would be Royal Navy movement/operational records rather than U.S. deck logs because the hull never entered active U.S. Navy service.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- An incomplete archival negative: the NARA catalog front end is JavaScript-rendered and API access requires a key not present in this environment; Discovery search results are not exhaustive and may miss records indexed only by unit or operation. Do not treat this as proof that no archival file exists.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-11
-
[13]CourtListener API v4 via /Users/charlesfletcher/devin-prompts/cl-auth-search.py: q="LST-368", q="USS LST-368", q="LST 368", q="LST-368" asbestos, and q="HMS LST 368" (type=o) each returned count=0; remaining RN-name/docket follow-ons blocked by fleet pacing [other_primary]
- Locator
- cl-auth-search.py output: exact-hull, exact-name, spaced-hull, asbestos-constrained, and HMS-name opinion queries count=0; docket follow-ons exit 2 with fleet pacing notice
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CourtListener status: authenticated API v4 opinion searches for "LST-368", "USS LST-368", "LST 368", asbestos-constrained "LST-368", and "HMS LST 368" each returned count=0 on 2026-10-02. Follow-on authenticated requests for the remaining Royal Navy name and docket variants did not complete because the fleet-wide CourtListener pacing budget was spent; the litigation lane remains partially blocked, not a clean negative.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Five opinion-index queries are verified negatives, including the exact hull phrase, exact USS name, spaced hull phrase, asbestos-constrained query, and HMS name. 'HM LST-368' and docket sweeps were not completed; no litigation conclusion should be drawn beyond the completed queries.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-12
-
[14]Cross-source date/disposition comparison: NavSource 160368; uboat.net ship/12276; National Army Museum NAM.1975-03-63-13-63; shipbuildinghistory.com hull 1529; Naval Marine Archive ships/81203 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource Royal Navy history/final-disposition lines; uboat.net commissioned field; NAM object description; shipbuildinghistory hull 1529 row; NMA ship 81203 remarks
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source conflicts preserved rather than resolved: (a) Royal Navy commissioning - NavSource says delivered to and commissioned by the Royal Navy on 4 January 1943; shipbuildinghistory.com and the NAM record are consistent with January/4 January delivery, while uboat.net lists commissioned 29 December 1942. Both dates remain possible. (b) Final disposition - NavSource says 'destroyed, 16 June 1948'; the National Army Museum says 'scrapped in 1948'; shipbuildinghistory.com and the Naval Marine Archive record say 'scrapped 1947.' The manner/date of disposal remains unresolved.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1943; 1947-1948
- Limitations
- Documents genuine secondary-source inconsistencies without selecting a winner. No primary commissioning certificate or disposal instrument was located; the record carries all attributed variants. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-13
-
[15]Batch-6907 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net; National Army Museum; Imperial War Museums; shipbuildinghistory.com; Naval Marine Archive; GAO HRD-80-2; NVR; NARA/TNA searches; CourtListener API v4; secondary web sweep; shipyards.json [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-368-01 through sl-uss-lst-368-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, material schedule, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, disposal-condition report, or litigation record naming LST-368 was found in the public sources searched. The completed CourtListener opinion queries ("LST-368", "USS LST-368", "LST 368", asbestos-constrained "LST-368", and "HMS LST 368") returned zero results; the 'HM LST-368' variant and docket sweeps remained blocked by fleet pacing at session end. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying hull-specific asbestos source.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. Era-consistent construction makes asbestos-containing material plausible, but no ship-specific source documents it. The CourtListener lane is partial because five opinion queries completed before fleet pacing stopped the 'HM LST-368' variant and docket sweeps. Does not establish or defeat exposure, causation, or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-368-14