Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS), 'LST-376' - live NHHC page [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC DANFS LST-376 full entry (live page)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LST-376 was laid down on 25 November 1942 at Quincy, Mass., by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched on 1 February 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Harold C. Pierce; and commissioned on 5 February 1943. Assigned to the European theater: Sicilian occupation (July 1943); Salerno landings (September 1943); Invasion of Normandy (June 1944). Torpedoed and sunk by a German surface craft in the English Channel on 9 June 1944; struck from the Navy list on 28 June 1944. Earned three battle stars for World War II service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Ship's company (13 officers/104 enlisted spec) plus embarked troops
- Limitations
- Authoritative service history; contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material information. Does not identify the attacking unit beyond 'a German surface craft', gives no casualty count, no commanding officer, and no wreck position. The HyperWar transcription mirror carries no LST-376 page (404 on both lst376.html and lst-376.html variants, 2026-10-02).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-01
-
[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-376 - specification block, campaign table, CO roster, awards, and photo caption [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.net 10/16/160376 - spec block, campaign table, CO roster, photo caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- LST-1 Class Tank Landing Ship. Laid down 25 November 1942 at Bethlehem Steel Co., Quincy, MA; launched 1 February 1943; commissioned 5 February 1943, LT. R. M. Wasarhaley, USNR, in command. Assigned to the Europe-Africa-Middle East Theater; campaign table date bands: Sicilian occupation 9-15 July 1943; Salerno landings 9-21 September 1943; Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944. Torpedoed and sunk by a German surface craft in the English Channel 9 June 1944; struck from the Naval Register 28 June 1944; three battle stars. CO roster shows a single entry: LT. Wasarhaley, R. M., USNR, 5 February 1943 - 9 June 1944. Awards: American Campaign Medal; European-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal (3); World War II Victory Medal. Call sign NPZG. Specification block: 2 General Motors 12-567A diesels (900 hp each), single Falk main reduction gears, three diesel-drive 100 kW 230V D.C. ship's service generators, twin propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders, 11.6 knots trial - a diesel plant with no boilers. Complement 13 officers / 104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers / 147 enlisted. Photo caption documents the ship embarking a DUKW amphibious truck at an unidentified English port prior to the Normandy invasion, with USS LST-374 alongside to starboard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Ship's company (13 officers/104 enlisted spec) plus embarked troops (16 officers/147 enlisted capacity)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archival page consistent with DANFS where they overlap and more precise on campaign date bands, the CO roster, and equipment. CO roster conflicts with the USNI-published ONI oral-history caption naming LT(jg.) C. B. Stanley as commanding officer at the loss - unresolved, logged in gaps. Spec data are equipment descriptions only - no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-02
-
[3]U.S. Naval Institute, Naval History Magazine Vol. 28 No. 3 (June 2014), 'Lost to Enemy Action' - excerpted oral history of Lieutenant (j.g.) C. B. Stanley, captioned 'commanding officer, LST-376'; source line: WWII Oral Histories, Interviews and Statements, RG 38, Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, NARA [reputable_press]
- Locator
- USNI Naval History June 2014, 'Torpedoed in the Channel' section + source line and footnote 4
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- First-person account by the officer captioned as LST-376's commanding officer records the loss: the ship sailed the afternoon of 8 June 1944 on her second cross-Channel trip; about 2:30 a.m. on 9 June, roughly 20 miles offshore in a column of five LSTs, LST-314 exploded first and LST-376 took a torpedo on the starboard side about four minutes later. Vehicles on the tank and main decks (carrying gasoline jerry cans and ammunition) exploded and burned; communications and auxiliary power were lost; the ship was abandoned. A British destroyer escorting the column returned to pick up survivors; boat trips continued until about 7 a.m., with an estimated ~90 men picked up from LST-314 and LST-376 combined (the printed text reads 'LST-375' - an evident typo, as LST-376 is the narrator's ship). USNI footnote: the torpedoes that sank LST-314 and LST-376 were presumably launched from 105-foot S-boats (Schnellboots, 'E-boats').
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-08/09
- Population
- LST-376 survivors and ship's company; LST-314 survivors (shared rescue)
- Limitations
- Eyewitness recollection recorded by the Office of Naval Records and Library and published by USNI with minimal editing; NARA-sourced (RG 38; see ev-09). The 'commanding officer' caption conflicts with the NavSource roster naming LT. Wasarhaley - unresolved (gaps). Time and detail are from memory, not the log; casualty total not stated in this account; ~90 rescued is the narrator's estimate across both sunken ships. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-03
-
[4]U.S. Naval Institute, Naval History Magazine Vol. 23 No. 3 (June 2009), 'In D-Day's Wake' [reputable_press]
- Locator
- USNI Naval History June 2009, 'Defending the Anchorages' section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Campaign-level account identifies the attackers and loss area: 'Between 7 and 9 June, E-boats operating out of Cherbourg and Le Havre were able to sink several vessels, including the LST-376 and LST-314, and damage others in the Bay of the Seine.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-07/09
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Professional naval-history journalism, not the official loss report; consistent with DANFS ('German surface craft', 9 June 1944) and the Stanley oral history. 'Bay of the Seine' is the loss-area characterization used for current_location; no wreck coordinates given. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-04
-
[5]United States Navy Memorial Foundation, Navy Log - LST-376 Lost at Sea Log [museum_official]
- Locator
- navylog.navymemorial.org/lst-376 - Lost at Sea Log, 44 names
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Navy Memorial's Lost at Sea Log records 'Date Lost: Friday, June 9, 1944 - Torpedoed off Northern France' and states: 'LST-376 was attacked by German surface craft in the English Channel and sustained a torpedo hit. LST 376 sinks from damage 44 men perish in the attack.' The log lists 44 sailors by name, rating, and branch (all USN).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944-06-09
- Population
- 44 crew members lost (memorial log)
- Limitations
- Congressionally chartered memorial's honor roll, not the official Navy casualty report; the 44 figure is the log's own count and is consistent with secondary press accounts. Individual names were not cross-checked against official WWII casualty lists this session. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-05
-
[6]Library of Congress Veterans History Project collections naming USS LST-376: Theodore Beard, Jr. Collection (AFC/2001/001/12942) and Donald Arthur Newell Collection (AFC/2001/001/41368) [other_primary]
- Locator
- loc.gov item afc2001001.12942 (Beard); loc.gov item afc2001001.41368 (Newell)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Two VHP collections document veterans who served aboard LST-376. Theodore Beard, Jr., Gunner's Mate First Class, service 1942-1945, lists USS LST 376 (Landing Ship, Tank) with service locations North Africa; Normandy, France; Sicily, Italy; Anzio, Italy; Salerno, Italy. Donald Arthur Newell, Gunner's Mate (Guns) First Class, lists USS LST 376 and USS Numitor (ARL-17).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Two documented crew members
- Limitations
- Veteran-submitted service metadata; establishes service aboard this hull but not ship events. Beard's location list includes Anzio and North Africa, which the DANFS operation list does not credit - treated as veteran-reported only (gaps); an LST-376 veteran could also have served on detached duty or the record may conflate assignments. Collection contents (memoirs/interviews) not reviewed for asbestos-relevant recollections - a lead, not a finding. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-06
-
[7]Corn JK, Starr J. 'Historical perspective on asbestos: policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding.' Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987), DOI 10.1002/ajim.4700120402
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that WWII-era U.S. shipyards extensively installed asbestos-containing insulation, lagging, and gaskets in naval construction - the era and builder context in which this hull was built (Bethlehem Steel's Quincy/Fore River yard, 1942-43). For a diesel-powered LST with no boilers, the era-relevant applications concentrate in diesel exhaust lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, gaskets and packing, deck coverings, accommodation insulation, and winch/crane brake linings.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (study scope); applied 1942-1944
- Population
- WWII-era shipyard workers (Bethlehem Steel, Quincy, 1942-43); wartime crew (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level scholarship plus class/type inference; the source does not name this hull or class and does not establish that any specific material aboard this ship contained asbestos. The diesel plant (no boilers) narrows the exposure-relevant scope relative to steam vessels. Any era materials aboard went down with the ship on 9 June 1944; there was no refit, reserve period, or breakup at which disturbance would have been recorded.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-07
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or when required for repairs, modified in 1979 toward selective replacement in high-maintenance areas. Neither policy could have applied to this hull - she was sunk in action on 9 June 1944, roughly 31 years before the first policy issued.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review (not this hull)
- Limitations
- Program-level Navy documentation for era fleet context only; the policies post-date this hull's loss entirely, so no hull-specific application was possible. Product page verified live 2026-10-02; full report PDF linked on the page was not opened.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-08
-
[9]NARA catalog holdings for USS LST-376: War Diaries 8/1-31/43 (NAID 135975634), 9/1-30/43 (NAID 78191447), 10/1-31/43 (NAID 135993045), 11/1-30/43 (NAID 136038256), 12/1-31/43 (NAID 78258548), 1/1-31/44 (NAID 78296419); and 'Stanley, Lieutenant (j.g.) C. B., USNR, LST-376, In Normandy Invasion' oral-history statement (NAID 278496770, RG 38, WWII Oral Histories, Interviews and Statements) [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov search 'LST-376' - file-unit hits
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The NARA catalog returns hull-specific holdings: six monthly War Diary file units (August 1943 through January 1944) and the ONI Office of Naval Records and Library oral-history statement by LT(jg.) C. B. Stanley describing LST-376's work in the Normandy invasion - the same statement excerpted by USNI (ev-03). RG 24 deck logs for this hull are the corresponding primary record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1944 (records); 2026-10-02 (access)
- Limitations
- Catalog entries verified live 2026-10-02; the underlying documents were not opened, so content and digitization status are unconfirmed. War diaries and deck logs are administrative records - they may contain material/repair information but are not asbestos documentation unless inspected. The gap in the war-diary run (Feb-Jun 1944, including the loss month) is unexplained - those months may exist under other catalog entries.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-09
-
[10]The Gazette (Colorado Springs), column by Joe Barrera, 'Freedom and authority and the sinking of USS LST 376' (11 Feb 2018) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- gazette.com 2018-02-11 column text
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Newspaper column profiling survivor Bill Hochman, described as a Navy lieutenant aboard LST-376: the ship 'was ferrying troops, weapons, vehicles and supplies from southern England to the Normandy beachheads' when a German E-boat torpedoed her on 9 June 1944; she 'sank quickly and 44 men went down with the ship'; survivors were rescued by a British destroyer, and a British officer, Colin McMillan, pulled Hochman from the water; Hochman later made a documentary film, 'Remembering Normandy,' in memory of his shipmates.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944; 2018
- Population
- One documented survivor (Bill Hochman, lieutenant)
- Limitations
- Human-interest column, not a documentary record; consistent with the oral history and memorial log on the loss and the 44 figure. The column also claims LST-376 participated in Operation Torch (November 1942) - chronologically impossible for a ship commissioned 5 February 1943; that claim is excluded and logged in gaps. Use only for the Hochman survivor episode, which it establishes as a lead. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-10
-
[11]Batch-6916 search ledger (this record): live NHHC DANFS page; NavSource 160376; NVR; CourtListener API v4 (opinion and docket searches) and web index; NARA catalog; LOC Veterans History Project; Navy Memorial Navy Log; USNI Naval History articles; shipyards.json cross-check; GAO; general web search [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-376-lst376-01 through sl-uss-lst-376-lst376-17
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS LST-376 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener API v4 returned zero opinions for exact phrase 'USS LST-376', zero for unqualified 'LST-376' and 'LST 376', zero for 'LST-376' qualified by asbestos, and zero dockets for 'LST-376' - no name collisions of any kind; the web-index cross-check (site:courtlistener.com) returned only unrelated API/docket-number noise. The hull's loss in June 1944 forecloses the entire postwar documentary track (no refits, reserve, transfer, scrapping, or museum conversion at which asbestos records would typically arise).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-built LST is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and era materials would have gone down with the wreck. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener coverage is opinion- and docket-metadata level; state-court and unindexed filings are outside the sweep.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-376-lst376-11