Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet 678-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-478-lst478-pkt-678-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-478 - construction, commissioning, WWII operations, disposal (live NHHC page, verified 2026-10-02) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-478 entry, service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'laid down on 17 August 1942 at Richmond, Calif., by Kaiser, Inc.; launched on 7 November 1942; and commissioned on 13 March 1943, Lt. H. F. Holmshaw in command.' Assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater: Gilbert Island operation (November and December 1943), Hollandia operation (April 1944), capture and occupation of Guam (July 1944), Leyte landings (October 1944), assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto (April 1945). 'Following the war, LST-478 performed occupation duty in the Far East until mid-March 1946. She returned to the United States and was decommissioned on 23 March 1946 and struck from the Navy list on 28 August 1947. On 25 March 1948, the ship was sold to Consolidated Builders, Inc., Seattle, Wash., for scrapping. LST-478 earned five battle stars for World War II service.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official history only; contains no asbestos or material content. DANFS does not cover the SCAJAP (Q100) episode or the MARAD transfer step - those come from NavSource. Live NHHC URL verified 2026-10-02 (no link-rot for this hull, unlike the Batch-01/98 standing defect).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-478 - designation timeline, flotilla/group/division assignment, specifications, commanding officers, NARA-captioned photography (live fetch verified 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160478.htm header block, campaign table, specifications block, photo captions, commanding-officers table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline and photo record for this hull: LST-1-class; laid down 17 August 1942 at Kaiser, Inc., Richmond, CA; launched 7 November 1942; commissioned USS LST-478 13 March 1943, LT. H. F. Holmshaw in command. WWII assignment: LST Flotilla Three (CDR A. A. Ageton), LST Group Seven (LCDR E. B. Garrigures), LST Division Thirteen; campaign table lists Gilbert Islands 21 Nov-8 Dec 1943, Hollandia 21-29 Apr 1944, Guam 21-27 Jul 1944, Leyte 20 Oct 1944, Okinawa Gunto 2-9 Apr 1945. Occupation service in the Far East 20 January to 23 March 1946; decommissioned 23 March 1946 and assigned to COMNAVFE Shipping Control Authority for Japan (SCAJAP), redesignated Q100; struck 28 August 1947; five battle stars; transferred to MARAD 25 March 1948; sold for scrapping 25 March 1948 to Consolidated Builders, Inc., Seattle, WA. Photo captions document: Navy Yard Mare Island inclining experiment 13 March 1943 (photo 1772-43); unloading on the beach at Kiska Island, Alaska, 23 August 1943 alongside LST-20 (US NARA photo III-SC 182872, Army Signal Corps); a second Kiska unloading view (BUAIR photo 5603, Alaska Digital Archives ASL-P430-26); beached at Okinawa late 1945; Mare Island 17 August 1945 (photo 6007-45); outbound under the Golden Gate 1946 for Japan as 'Q001' (Vallejo Naval and Historical Museum photo - caption designation conflicts with Q100, see gaps). Spec block: 13 officers/104 enlisted, troop accommodations 16 officers/147 enlisted; propulsion - two GM 12-567A 900-hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, two propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders, three diesel-drive 100-kW 230-V DC ship's service generators; call sign NGNQ. Commanding officers listed (Holmshaw through LTjg. Fletcher J. Long, Dec 1945 - 23 Mar 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-46); embarked troops; SCAJAP-era operators (1946-47); Consolidated Builders shipbreakers (1948)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - milestone dates track DANFS/NVR and are consistent here, but the SCAJAP Q100 episode is not in DANFS and rests on NavSource/caption sourcing. Photo captions establish presence (Kiska, Mare Island, Okinawa), not work performed or material aboard. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-02
-
[4]History of LST Flotilla Seven, compiled by LTjg. Phineas Stevens, LST Flotilla Seven (wartime-compiled unit history; NavSource-hosted PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- 160018a.pdf, 'LST FLOTILLA SEVEN' narrative, March-April 1944 section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The wartime flotilla history names this hull: 'By 4 April 1944 the following additional LSTs had arrived from the South Pacific area for temporary duty with this Force; LSTs 41, 78, 117, 118, 219, 220, 221, 227, 241, 243, 247, 269, 276, 339, 395, 397, 447, 460, 472, 476, 477, 478, 479, 481, and 482. These ships were assigned to the SEVENTH Amphibious Force to supplement LST Flotilla SEVEN in the large-scale assault that was to follow on Hollandia, Tanahmerah Bay, and Aitape' - establishing LST-478's New Guinea/Hollandia presence within her permanent Flotilla Three/Group Seven/Division Thirteen assignment (NavSource).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- LST-478 crew and embarked troops, Hollandia operation (Apr 1944)
- Limitations
- Temporary-duty context only - the document is a Flotilla Seven unit history; LST-478 appears once, in the April 1944 reinforcement list. OCR'd wartime typescript hosted on NavSource (secondary host for a wartime document). No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-03
-
[5]NARA item: 'USS LST-478 - Report of AA Action off Leyte Island, Philippines on 10/26/44' (Micro Serial 99915, Serial 0559), Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, WWII War Diaries, Other Operational Records and Histories, NARA College Park - surfaced via DPLA item record [other_primary]
- Locator
- DPLA item 3156044fa02ba22d3174d33696ffd641 -> catalog.archives.gov/id/139781285
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A ship-specific wartime document survives at NARA: this hull's own antiaircraft action report for the Leyte operation, dated 26 October 1944 (six days after the Leyte landings in her documented campaign list). It demonstrates that hull-level operational records for LST-478 exist in the catalog - the archival track for any future material/exposure inquiry.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- LST-478 crew, Leyte operation (Oct 1944)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the item is an AA action report, not a material or maintenance record - it contains no asbestos content. Catalog page is JS-rendered; bibliographic data transcribed via the DPLA item record (catalog.archives.gov/id/139781285). Not fetched page-by-page this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-04
-
[6]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton, Shipbuilding History), 'Landing Ships, Tank (2/4)' build table; cross-checked Wikipedia USS LST-478 registry details (MARCOM hull 998, sponsor Mrs. Ray Humphrey, cost $1,711,380.19) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net LST part 2 table row 'LST-478 | Kaiser Corp. | Richmond CA | 33 | 1942 | 17-Aug-42 | 7-Nov-42 | 13-Mar-43 | 82 | 126 | 208 | scrapped 1948'; Wikipedia USS LST-478 infobox
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Compiled secondary registry data for this hull: Kaiser Corp., Richmond, CA; yard hull no. 33; laid down 17 Aug 1942; launched 7 Nov 1942; commissioned 13 Mar 1943; 82 days on the ways, 126 days fitting out, 208 days total; scrapped 1948 - all dates consistent with DANFS/NavSource. The Wikipedia registry additionally carries MARCOM (MCE) hull 998, Type S3-M-K2, sponsor Mrs. Ray Humphrey, and cost $1,711,380.19 - compiled from MARCOM-derived references.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond construction trades (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary reference reproducing Maritime Commission / shipyard data - the MARCOM contract card itself was not examined. Sponsor name, MCE hull number, and cost are not verified against a primary document; carry as registry detail only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-05
-
[7]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. II, NAVSHIPS 250-011 (April 13, 1945) - LST design table and vessel roster (shipscribe.com scan; note: former /styles/usnaux/sdb/ path now 404s, live path is /pubs/) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2, LANDING SHIP-TANK (LST) characteristics table (LST1-490 row) and vessel roster entry 'LST478 (ex-ATL478)'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official BuShips roster names this hull as 'LST478 (ex-ATL478)' - carrying the interim ATL designation used early in the landing-ship program - with laid/launch/commission dates (17 Aug 42 / 7 Nov 42 / 13 Mar 43) matching DANFS. The design table places LST-478 in the LST-1 through LST-490 group: 328 ft overall, 316 ft waterline, 50 ft beam, 2,366 t light / 4,080 t trial displacement, 11.6 knots trial speed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Official design/registry document - the roster entry is ship-specific; the design-table dimensions are group-level (LST1-490). Text layer is staggered OCR; the roster entry was verified in the extracted text this session. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: BuShips SDB 1945 v2 design table (LST-1-490 group, diesel plant); NavSource specifications block (two GM 12-567A 900-hp diesels, Falk reduction gear, diesel-drive generators); lst-1-class class profile (class-f, 2026-09-16); shipyard-exposure-map documented product list for kaiser-shipyards [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2 LST design table; NavSource 10/16/160478.htm specifications block; class-f lst-1-class class notes
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered tank landing ship built 1942 at Kaiser Richmond sits inside the documented WWII asbestos shipbuilding era; era-standard applications aboard a ship of this type and period were engine-exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and winch/crane brake linings. As a diesel ship she carried no boilers - the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; exposure relevance concentrates in the engine room, exhaust runs, and interior finishes. The Kaiser Richmond complex is a documented asbestos-era yard (see ev-08).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-46); SCAJAP operators (1946-47); Consolidated Builders shipbreakers (1948)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LST-478. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-07
-
[9]EPA CERCLA record, 'KAISER ALUM & CHEM CO SHIPYARD #2' (EPA ID CAD980637557), Cutting and Wright to the Bay, Richmond, CA - Non-NPL, NFRAP status (live page verified 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- EPA Superfund site-information page, cumulis id 0901909; shipyards.json yard_id kaiser-shipyards
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Federal environmental record documenting the former Kaiser shipbuilding complex at Richmond, CA - this hull's builder yard - as a CERCLA-evaluated contaminated site (NFRAP: 'Site does not qualify for the NPL based on existing information'). The Atlas shipyards.json entry for kaiser-shipyards (evidence_tier 3) documents asbestos-containing materials in soils and structures at the former Kaiser Richmond shipyard site and lists insulation, fireproofing, hull insulation, boiler components, pipe coverings, turbine insulation, electrical wiring, deck materials, adhesives, and brake systems among documented products for the yard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1940-1946 (yard operating era); record current
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond workforce (1940-45, peak ~90,000+)
- Limitations
- Yard-level post-fact environmental record, not a hull or construction record: the EPA listing covers 'Shipyard #2' of the Richmond Kaiser complex and does not attribute contamination specifically to Yard No. 4 (this hull's build yard), nor to any period-specific work on LST-478. Companion state record: DTSC Kaiser Richmond Shipyard project page returned 404 this session (access gap, not a missing source).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (product description; full text blocked to direct fetch, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1942) and service era (1943-46). The review's fieldwork covered Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards; Navy policy 1975-79 was to remove asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified in 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation post-dating this hull (scrapped 1948); supports era context only, not any fact specific to LST-478. Direct fetch returns HTTP 403 (confirmed 2026-10-02); product-page description via Firecrawl used; full text not retrieved this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-09
-
[11]Batch-6983 search ledger (this record): DANFS live page; NavSource live fetch; Flotilla Seven wartime history PDF; NARA/DPLA item; shipbuildinghistory table; BuShips SDB 1945 v2; EPA CERCLA; GAO product page; CourtListener API v4 (partial - fleet pacing); NVR; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-478-lst478-01 through -16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum documentation, or verified litigation naming USS LST-478 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion searches '"LST-478" asbestos' and '"LST 478"' returned zero hits; additional opinion and docket-index variants were intermittently blocked by fleet pacing - executed-vs-blocked is itemized in search_ledger, and unexecuted queries are carried in gaps rather than treated as negative results. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and no ship-specific law-firm marketing content naming LST-478 - unusual for a hull number of this era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - she was scrapped in 1948, decades before ACM-handling documentation was routine, so no abatement-era record ever generated. The litigation sweep is partially open (fleet pacing). Deck logs (NARA series NAID 594258), BuShips work packages, and the MARAD/Consolidated Builders scrapping file are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-478-lst478-10