Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]research packet 734-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-lst-841-lst841-pkt-734-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, LST-841 (NHHC live page, verified 2026-10-03) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-841 entry, full text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS for this hull: 'LST-841 was laid down on 4 October 1944 at Ambridge, Pa., by the American Bridge Co.; launched on 20 November 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Rocco Palmer; and commissioned on 18 December 1944, Lt. Francis T. Carey, USNR, in command. During World War II, LST-841 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto from April through June 1945. Following the war, the ship performed occupation duty in the Far East and saw service in China until mid-February 1946. She returned to the United States and was decommissioned on 25 June 1946 and struck from the Navy list on 23 June 1947. On 5 January 1948, the tank landing ship was sold to the California Co., New Orleans, La., for operation. LST-841 earned one battle star for World War II service.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- American Bridge construction trades (Ambridge, 1944); crew (1944-1946)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official history only; contains no asbestos or material content. DANFS does not state the commissioning location (the crew war diary places reduced commission 7 Dec 1944 and arrival at U.S.N. Repair Base, Algiers, La., 16 Dec 1944).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-841 - milestone timeline, unit assignments, campaign/service dates, specifications, commanding-officer list, photographs (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160841.htm header block, campaign/service tables, specifications block, commanding-officer table, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource for this hull (542 Class Tank Landing Ship): assigned to LST Flotilla Twenty-Three (CAPT. W. W. Weeden Jr., USN), LST Group Sixty-Eight (CDR G. H. Dana, USN), LST Division One Hundred Thirty-Eight; Okinawa Gunto operation 18 April - 29 June 1945; Navy Occupation Service periods 12 September - 20 October 1945 and 6 November 1945 - 23 February 1946; China Service Medal (extended) 6 November 1945 - 23 February 1946. Decommissioned 25 June 1946; struck from the Naval Register 23 June 1947; sold for commercial operation 5 January 1948 to the California Co., New Orleans, LA. One battle star. Specifications: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t full load; 328 ft oa; 50 ft beam; 11.6 kt trial; endurance 24,000 miles at 9 kt; complement 13 officers + 104 enlisted; troops 16 officers + 147 enlisted; armament (ultimate design) 2 twin 40 mm mounts w/ Mk 51 directors, 4 single 40 mm, 12 single 20 mm; propulsion two General Motors 12-567A 900 hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gears, two propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders, three diesel-drive 100 kW 230 V DC ship's service generators. Commanding officers: LT Francis T. Carey (18 Dec 1944 - 4 Mar 1945); LT Frederick M. Copeland (4 Mar - 25 Oct 1945); LTjg Raymond W. Ashley (25 Oct - Dec 1945); LT Emil J. Zambetti (Dec 1945 - Mar 1946); LTjg J. R. Johnson (Mar - 25 Jun 1946). Photographs include the commissioning crew at American Bridge, Ambridge (December 1944) and the ship entering San Francisco Bay circa 1946 with an LCT on deck.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1948
- Population
- American Bridge construction trades (1944); crew (1944-1946)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its dates track DANFS/NVR where verifiable. Contains no asbestos content. The 'fate unknown' commercial aftermath is corroborated by NavalCoverMuseum.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-02
-
[4]USS LST-841 first-anniversary crew booklet ('U.S.S. LST 841' pamphlet compiled by the crew, dated 7 December 1945, containing 'Ships War Diary', CO's message signed R. W. Ashley, and full crew roster; contributed copy of S1/c J. W. Gould's booklet) - scanned PDF hosted on NavSource, verified live 2026-10-03 [other_primary]
- Locator
- 160841a.pdf pp. 5-12 ('Ships War Diary' chronology and crew roster)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A ship-produced, crew-compiled anniversary booklet gives this hull's day-level chronology: placed in reduced commission 7 December 1944 by Capt. W. B. Nichols USN with Lt. R. B. McArthur and Ferry Crew #15, departing Ambridge for Algiers, La.; holed entering Lock #14 on the Ohio River 9 December; collided with USCG Willow between Greenville and Vicksburg, Miss., '14 December 1944' (the Willow record says 15 December - see gaps); arrived U.S.N. Repair Base, Algiers, La., 16 December; commissioned 18 December, Lt. F. T. Carey assuming command; shakedown Panama City, Fla., January 1945 (first beaching at Dog Island); loaded an LCT on deck at New Orleans 20 January; transited via Cristobal/Coco Solo (3 Feb), Corinto (ran aground), Acapulco, to San Diego (18 Feb); Kewalo Basin, Oahu, 4 March (Lt. Copeland assumed command March); then Eniwetok (27 Mar), Ulithi (5 Apr), Okinawa - Nago Wan 18 April, Naha Ko 24 April (unloaded troops, launched LCT 26 April, nightly air raids 'not less than 30 a nite'); returned via Ulithi (5 May); Leyte/Manila/Subic/Lingayen June 1945; second Okinawa arrival 24 June (beached, grounded on a sand bar, embarked 77th Infantry); Cebu; Subic Bay 10 July - dry-docked to scrape and paint the bottom; Ie Shima 27 July (Japanese air attack bombed the airstrip while she was beached; an LCT and a Victory ship sunk at her former anchorage); Buckner Bay 29 July (loaded 96th Infantry); typhoon evasion 1 August; convoy reportedly attacked by submarine 4 August ('U.S.S. Johnson (DE) sunk one' - escort identity unverified); Mindoro 11 August; Zamboanga 14 August (at anchor on V-J Day); Leyte; Iloilo (loaded 164th Artillery Bn.); Jinsen, Korea 29 September; Fusan 4 October ('harbor heavily mined'); returned to Jinsen and embarked ~1,000 Japanese POWs for repatriation, unloaded Sasebo 14 October; Manila 23 October (Lt. Ashley took command after Copeland departed on points); San Fernando P.I. 31 October; Jinsen again 13-14 November (beached, unloaded troops); Taku, China 20 November (anchored ~30 miles off Tientsin due to shallow water; liberty Tientsin/Peiping; loaded Japanese POWs); Sasebo 3 December (unloaded POWs, embarked Korean civilians for repatriation to Kunsan); underway to Kunsan 6 December; 7 December 1945 marked one year in commission. Roster lists 7 officers (Lt.(jg) Raymond W. Ashley, captain) and approximately 90 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-12-07 to 1945-12-07
- Population
- USS LST-841 commissioned crew, Dec 1944-Dec 1945 (~97 officers and enlisted on roster); embarked troops: 3261st QM Co., 2812th Engineer Co., 5th Air Corps, 77th Infantry, 96th Infantry, 164th Artillery Bn., 56th Fighter Control Div.; ~1,000 repatriated Japanese POWs and Korean civilians (Oct-Dec 1945)
- Limitations
- Crew-authored souvenir document, not an official deck log - dates and events are first-party recollection compiled at the first anniversary; informal content (nicknames, humor sections) reflects crew life. Collision date conflicts with the Willow record (14 vs 15 December); the 4 August submarine-sinking claim rests only on this diary and the escort's identity is unverified. No asbestos or material content. Scanned photocopy; some entries partially legible.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-03
-
[5]NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive, USCGC Willow (WAGL-253), ex-USLHS Willow - collision narrative and service history (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/179857.htm, Willow service narrative (collision paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Willow record names this hull: 'On 15 December 1944 Willow collided with USS LST-841 [between Greenville and Vicksburgh, MS] and both ships received considerable damage. At this time she was under the command of LT H. G. Weber. It was decided that the cost of repairs and continued maintenance on Willow was prohibitive and it was decided to decommission her.' Willow (built 1927, Dubuque Boat and Boiler Works; last side-wheel tender in the Lighthouse Service; WAGL-253 after the 1939 Coast Guard merger) was decommissioned 1 March 1945, her machinery removed, and transferred to the U.S. Corps of Engineers as Quarters Boat QB-2732. The collision occurred during LST-841's delivery voyage to the Gulf three days before her commissioning; the crew war diary records hull damage at Lock #14 (9 Dec) and arrival at U.S.N. Repair Base, Algiers, 16 December, then commissioning 18 December.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-12-14/15
- Population
- Ferry Crew #15 and pre-commissioning crew aboard during delivery voyage; USCG Willow crew; Algiers repair-base trades (Dec 1944-Jan 1945)
- Limitations
- Documents the collision from the other vessel's record - NavSource secondary compilation consistent with the LST-841 crew diary, which dates the collision 14 December (one-day conflict, carried in gaps). Confirms repair activity at Algiers coincident with commissioning; does not document materials disturbed or replaced. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-04
-
[6]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), LST design table - consolidated era inference (class profile ev-lst-1-class-01/-03); plus DANFS/NavSource ship-specific confirmation that this hull is LST-542-group with GM diesel plant [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips SDB-1945 v2 LST design table (shipscribe.com scan); class profile lst-1-class.class.json ev-03
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for this diesel-powered LST-542-group hull (LST542-931 design block): asbestos-relevant applications aboard a ship of this type and construction era were GM diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, deck coverings and tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, valve packing, and winch/crane brake linings. The diesel plant carries no boilers - the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, but machinery-space, exhaust, accommodation, and deck-covering pathways remain. Any post-1948 commercial conversion to a drilling tender (the documented California Co. pattern for purchased LSTs) would have stripped and reworked interior spaces - a major era-material disturbance event if it occurred aboard this hull, which is unverified.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1946 (naval service); post-1948 commercial period unresolved
- Population
- American Bridge construction trades (Ambridge, 1944); Algiers repair-base trades (1944-45); crew (1944-46); undetermined commercial-conversion workforce (post-1948, if converted)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LST-841. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; establishes no quantities and no exposure for any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (October-December 1944) and naval service era (1944-46).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403 - standing defect since Batch 01); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-06
-
[8]Austin et al., History of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry in Southern Louisiana (LSU for U.S. Dept. of the Interior, MMS OCS study, 2004); corroborated by Lowe v. California Co., Civ. A. Nos. 67-1804 & 68-170 (E.D. La. Feb. 6, 1969) (Cassibry, J.) [other_primary]
- Locator
- LSU/MMS OCS study pp. ~11-12 (LST-tender conversion narrative, Sept 1948 Calco hurricane incident); Lowe v. California Co. findings of fact (S-22) via CaseMine mirror
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The buyer of this hull operated a documented converted-LST fleet: The California Company (Calco, a subsidiary of Standard Oil of California - later Chevron) bought war-surplus LSTs and converted them into drilling tenders supplying crews, quarters, and stores to fixed offshore platforms in the Gulf of Mexico (the conversion pattern: 'once most of their insides, including their engines, had been removed, they could be converted into a sort of giant floating storage bin'). In early September 1948 - eight months after this hull's sale to the California Co. - a hurricane off Grand Isle placed 'more than 50 men in harm's way,' 25 of them riding out the storm aboard an unnamed converted Calco LST tender under tow. Calco/Chevron LST tenders carried S-series designations; Lowe v. California Co. (E.D. La. 1969) documents injury aboard 'the Chevron LST S-22' moored to a Block 41 platform in 1966 - a Jones Act/unseaworthiness case, not an asbestos case, on a different hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1947-1969
- Population
- California Co./Chevron offshore-tender crews, roustabouts, and contract workers (1948-1960s); conversion-yard workers (if converted)
- Limitations
- Establishes the documented operating environment of the purchasing company only - the sources do not prove that THIS hull was converted to an S-series tender (the 1948 hurricane LST is unnamed; the Lowe vessel is S-22, not LST-841). 'Fate unknown' per NavalCoverMuseum. Not exposure evidence and not asbestos litigation; included because the hull's post-sale employment is the only plausible remaining exposure pathway and it is unproven.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-07
-
[9]MARAD Vessel History Database, LST-841 record (vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov detail 9532) - registry stub [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov ShipHistory/Detail/9532 (fields inspected live 2026-10-03)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The MARAD Vessel History Database carries a record for LST-841 (general type Naval Combatant; specific type 'LST Tank Landing Ship'), but the record is a stub: no historical narrative, no status card data, year built displayed as '9999', and all physical/ownership fields blank. It confirms a federal registry entry exists without documenting her post-1948 commercial career.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- A stub record establishes only that MARAD tracks the hull designation - it documents neither disposition nor any material fact. Useful as a lead for the vessel history card (paper record may exist at NARA/MARAD even though the database row is empty). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-08
-
[10]Batch-7384 search ledger (this record): live NHHC DANFS page; NavSource LST-841 page + crew-anniversary booklet PDF + Willow WAGL-253 page; MARAD vessel-history stub; NavalCoverMuseum; firecrawl web sweeps (asbestos, litigation, commercial fate); CourtListener (blocked); NARA catalog (JS-blocked); class profile lst-1-class (BuShips SDB-1945 v2; GAO) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-841-lst841-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS LST-841 was found in the public sources searched. CAVEATS: (a) CourtListener could not be queried this session - the authenticated helper reported the fleet daily quota exhausted (~9.5-hour wait) - logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result; the class-level sweep found only an incidental reunion-notice mention of a different LST. (b) Her post-1948 commercial identity is undocumented - if she entered the Calco/Chevron tender fleet, conversion and service records would sit outside Navy repositories. (c) Official NARA deck logs and any American Bridge/Algiers repair records were not digitized/located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944-built hull inside the Navy's documented asbestos era; the litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (throttled, not run). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-841-lst841-09