Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]DANFS, LST-41 (NHHC) - construction, sponsor, campaigns, LSTH-41 redesignation, decommission/strike/sale (Wayback Machine capture 2023-05-08; live NHHC page returns 404 on all URL variants as of 2026-10-02 - standing NHHC link-rot defect) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-41 entry, full text (Wayback capture 2023-05-08)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'laid down on 24 May 1943 at Pittsburgh, Pa., by the Dravo Corp.; launched on 17 August 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Mary Spisak; and commissioned on 24 September 1943, Lt. W. B. Dundon, USNR, in command.' WWII Asiatic-Pacific operations per DANFS: Marshall Islands operation - occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls (January and February 1944); Hollandia operation (April 1944); Marianas operation - capture and occupation of Guam (July 1944); Western Caroline Islands operation - capture and occupation of southern Palau Islands (September and October 1944); Luzon operation - Lingayen Gulf landing (January 1945). 'Following the war, LST-41 was redesignated LSTH-41 on 15 September 1945. She performed occupation duty in the Far East until late November 1945. Upon her return to the United States, the ship was decommissioned on 25 April 1946 and struck from the Navy list on 19 June 1946. On 8 October 1947, she was sold to J. C. Berkwit & Co., of New York City, N.Y.' LSTH-41 earned five battle stars for WWII service as LST-41.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Dravo construction trades (1943); crew and embarked troops/patients (1943-46)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Cited from a Wayback Machine capture (2023-05-08) because the live NHHC page 404s - the URL itself is the canonical DANFS address; archived copy labeled per citation hygiene. DANFS' 8 October 1947 sale date conflicts with NavSource's 13 October 1947 - carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-01
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[2]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST(H)-41 ex USS LST-41 (page live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160041.htm: header, campaign table, occupation/China service table, specifications block, commanding-officers roster, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline and spec block for this hull: LST-1 class; laid down 24 May 1943 at Dravo Corp., Neville Island, PA; launched 17 August 1943; commissioned USS LST-41, 24 September 1943, LT. Walter B. Dundon Jr., USNR, in command. Assignments: LST Flotilla Thirteen (CAPT. J. G. Sampson, USN), LST Group Thirty-Eight (LCDR. M. F. Stiling, USNR), LST Division Seventy-Six. Campaigns: Marshall Islands - occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls, 31 January-8 February 1944; Hollandia operation, 21-29 April 1944; Marianas - Guam, 21-25 July 1944; Western Caroline Islands - southern Palau Islands, 6 September-14 October 1944; Luzon - Lingayen Gulf landing, 9 January 1945. Redesignated Tank Landing Ship (Hospital) LST(H)-41, 15 September 1945. Navy Occupation Service periods 11-29 September 1945, 10-15 October 1945, 1-27 November 1945; China Service Medal (extended) period 22-29 December 1945. Decommissioned 25 April 1946; struck from the Naval Register 19 June 1946; turned over to the Maritime Commission for disposal; sold 13 October 1947 to J. C. Berkwit and Co., New York, NY - 'fate unknown.' Five battle stars. Spec block: 1,625 t light / 4,080 t full / 2,366 t beaching; 328 ft oa, 50 ft beam; 11.6 kt trial; endurance 24,000 mi at 9 kt; complement 13 officers / 104 enlisted; troops 16/147; 2 LCVP; ultimate armament 2 twin + 4 single 40MM, 12 single 20MM; propulsion 2 x GM 12-567A 900 hp diesels, Falk single main reduction gear, 3 x 100 kW 230 V DC diesel-drive generators, 2 shafts 1,700 shp, twin rudders; diesel fuel 4,300 bbls. CO roster: LT Walter Bruce Dundon Jr., USNR (24 Sep 1943-31 Oct 1945); LT Raymond J. Taylor, USNR (31 Oct 1945-1 Apr 1946). Photos include USS LST-41 moored inboard of USS LST-49 at Shanghai 'circa 22 to 29 September 1945' (caption date conflicts with the page's own China-service table, Dec 1945 - see gaps) and the hull underway in San Francisco Bay circa 1945-46 (Vallejo Naval and Historical Museum).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Dravo construction trades (1943); crew/troops (1943-46); patients aboard LST(H)-41 (post-Sep 1945); post-sale disposition workers (1947+, undocumented)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track DANFS/BuShips but are not independently authoritative; builder and build dates corroborated here by the BuShips roster (ev-05). Sale date (13 Oct 1947) conflicts with DANFS (8 Oct 1947); 'fate unknown' conflicts with secondary 'scrapped 1947' - both in gaps. Shanghai photo caption date conflicts with the page's own China-service window - likely taken from LST-49's record - carried in gaps. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-02
-
[3]ComTransGroup 3, Fifth Amphibious Force, 'Attack Landing Order' No. 17-44 (A4-3(2), Serial 00012; U.S. Third Fleet, Western Attack Force, TG 32.3 Peleliu Transport Group; Pavuvu, Russell Islands, 23 August 1944) - NARA-era scan hosted by NavSource; PDF live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02, image page read by render [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/18/pdf/180782a.pdf, p.2 section (g): TG 32.13 LST Flotilla / 32.13.2 LST Unit ONE listing
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A contemporaneous Third Fleet task-organization document names this hull in the Peleliu assault force: under (g) '32.13.1 LST Flotilla, Captain Sampson' - i.e., LST Flotilla 13, consistent with NavSource's assignment table - '32.13.2 LST Unit ONE, Commander McFall' lists 'LST's 41, 243, 553, 127, 128, 224, 607, 227 (F)'. The order is dated 23 August 1944 at Pavuvu, Russell Islands, and fixes LST-41's place in TG 32.3 (Peleliu Transport Group) for the Western Caroline Islands operation that DANFS records as the southern Palau landings of September-October 1944.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- August-October 1944
- Population
- LST-41 crew and embarked troops for the Palau assault (Sep-Oct 1944)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific placement in a wartime task organization - establishes the hull's assigned role in the Peleliu operation; contains no asbestos or material content. Image-only scan read by render; handwriting corrections on the page (unit commanders) noted. Does not itself describe the landing execution, only the assigned order.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-03
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[4]'History of LST Flotilla Seven' (compiled by LTjg. Phineas Stevens; contributed by Guy G. Guthridge) - unit history scan hosted by NavSource; PDF live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02, text layer read [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/pdf/160018a.pdf, 'History of LST Flotilla Seven', Hollandia-preparation section (p. ~6 of text)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Seventh Amphibious Force's own unit history documents this hull's arrival for the Hollandia operation: 'By 4 April 1944 the following additional LSTs had arrived from the South Pacific area for temporary duty with this Force; LSTs 41, 78, 117, 118, 219, 220, 221, 227, 241*, 243, 247, 269, 276, 339, 395, 397, 447, 460, 472, 476, 477, 478, 479, 481, and 482. These ships were assigned to the SEVENTH Amphibious Force to supplement LST Flotilla SEVEN in the large-scale assault that was to follow on Hollandia, Tanahmerah Bay, and Aitape, and operated under the command of Commander LST Flotilla SEVEN during the time they were in the New Guinea area.' This corroborates the Hollandia operation (21-29 April 1944) that DANFS and NavSource credit to this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- March-April 1944 (document coverage)
- Population
- LST-41 crew and embarked troops during Hollandia staging/assault (Apr 1944)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific assignment statement inside a compiled unit history - a Navy-produced history but a post-hoc compilation, not a deck log; names LST-41 once. No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-04
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[5]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), 'List of Naval Vessels' roster + LST design/machinery tables (shipscribe.com scan with text layer; /pubs/ URL live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB-1945 v2: 'List of Naval Vessels - LST' roster (LST41 line); LST design table (LST1-490 row); machinery table (LST1-490 row)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- BuShips' own 1945 roster carries this hull by name: 'LST41 (ex-ATL41)' - the class's original ATL tank-landing-craft designation - under builder 'Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pa.' (roster ditto chain back to the explicit Dravo Neville Island lines), keel laid 24 May 43, launched 17 Aug 43, first commission 24 Sept 43 - matching NavSource day-for-day. The volume's LST design table (LST1-490 group) gives 328 ft oa, 50 ft beam, 2,366 t light / 4,080 t full, 11.6 kt trial; the machinery table gives the LST1-490 group 2 x G.M. Diesel 12-567A at 1,700 shp - a diesel plant, no boilers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (publication January 1945)
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island construction trades (1943); crew (1943-45 coverage)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific for the roster line (hull named with builder and three dates). The machinery attribution is design-group-level (LST1-490), not a hull-unique spec sheet. No asbestos or material content anywhere in the source. Scan OCR of columnar tables is imperfect; figures cross-checked against NavSource spec block.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-05
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[6]'History of the Dravo Shipyard During World War II' (1945), in 'The Dravo Corporation,' Men and Women of Wartime Pittsburgh and Environs: A War Production Epic (Pittsburgh: Frank C. Harper, 1945), pp. 103-113 - transcribed by ExplorePAhistory (live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- explorepahistory.com odocument.php?docId=1-4-189 (full transcription, pp. 103-113)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A contemporaneous 1945 account documents the builder yard where this hull was erected: Dravo's Neville Island operation grew from a peacetime workforce of 1,000-1,500 to between 14,000 and 16,000 workers by early 1944, ran two assembly-line yards (East Yard and West Yard, ground broken 4 February 1942) producing LSTs on an original 60-ship award plus follow-on contracts, and pioneered welded shop-preassembly construction; LST No. 1 - 'the Navy's first' - launched from the West Yard on Labor Day 1942. This hull (laid down May 1943) was built inside that wartime mass-production operation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (document coverage)
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island construction workforce, ~14,000-16,000 at 1944 peak
- Limitations
- Yard-level contemporaneous history; names no individual hull and contains no asbestos or material-content information - wartime censor-era corporate history, so material detail would not be expected. Establishes workforce scale and construction method only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-06
-
[7]Era/design inference built on: BuShips SDB-1945 v2 machinery table (LST1-490 group = 2 x GM 12-567A diesel, no boilers); NavSource spec block (same plant, this hull); class-profile lst-1-class consolidated era material survey for diesel amphibians [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB-1945 v2 machinery table (LST1-490 row); NavSource spec block; class-f/lst-1-class.class.json ev-lst-1-class-03 (background)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered LST-1-class amphibian built May-September 1943 sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard asbestos-relevant applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were diesel-exhaust and machinery lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, gaskets, valve packing, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, winch/crane brake linings, and electrical insulation. As a diesel ship she carried no boilers - the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. Her September 1945 LST(H) hospital redesignation implies interior rework of the era (medical/accommodation spaces), but conversion scope for this hull is undocumented.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Dravo construction trades (1943); crew/troops/patients (1943-46); post-sale disposition workers (1947+)
- Limitations
- Class/era and design-level inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, conversion work package, or asbestos naming document located for LST-41/LST(H)-41. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. No manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-07
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[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire existence (built 1943, sold for disposal 1947). Standing Navy policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs - irrelevant to this hull, disposed 1947, but fixing the era norm: WWII-built hulls carried asbestos-era materials throughout their service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979 (report); era coverage back through WWII
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull - the hull was sold 32 years before the report's fieldwork and is not named. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, confirmed 2026-10-02) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-08
-
[9]In re: Dravo LLC - Derivative Claims Against Carmeuse Lime, Inc., Nos. 33 & 34 WAP 2024 (Pa. May 22, 2026) (Justia case page + opinion PDF live-verified 200 on 2026-10-02) [court_record]
- Locator
- Pa. Supreme Court, 33 & 34 WAP 2024, opinion (J-79A/J-79B-2025); argued 7 October 2025, decided 22 May 2026
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Builder-entity asbestos litigation at appellate level: the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held in 2026 that asbestos plaintiffs could not use veil piercing to recover from Carmeuse Lime (CLI), which acquired this hull's builder in a 1998 merger, because the underlying claims against Dravo were time-barred under the LLC dissolution statute (Dravo dissolved 2018; claim bar date 13 July 2020). The opinion records that 'beginning in at least the early 1990s, a number of plaintiffs sued Dravo' on 'allegations of exposure to asbestos during Dravo's operations from the 1940s through the 1980s' - the window covering this hull's 1943 construction - that hundreds of claimants asserted claims by the bar date, and that the Court of Common Pleas resolved all timely claims. Disposition chain: trial court (Allegheny C.C.P., GD-20-010198) granted CLI summary judgment 5 October 2022; Superior Court reversed (1210 & 1284 WDA 2022, 19 December 2023); Supreme Court reversed the Superior Court (22 May 2026).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1998-2026 (litigation); alleged operations 1940s-1980s
- Population
- Dravo asbestos claimants (entity-level; 1940s-1980s operations alleged)
- Limitations
- Appellate decision resolved entirely on non-exposure grounds (LLC dissolution claim bar + veil piercing); it is NOT a finding of asbestos exposure at the Dravo yard or aboard any hull. It establishes that asbestos claims against the builder corporation's 1940s-1980s operations existed at scale and that late claims were statutorily barred - a merits-negative disposition for those plaintiffs. The opinion does not name the Neville Island shipyard or LST-41; secondary coverage (mesothelioma.net, Legal Intelligencer) frames Dravo as 'shipyard operator.' No exposure adjudication occurred at any stage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-09
-
[10]Batch-6467 search ledger (this record): archived NHHC DANFS; NavSource 10/16/160041 + hosted NARA scans (attack landing order 180782a.pdf, Flotilla Seven history 160018a.pdf, Peleliu Beach White op plan 160243b.pdf); BuShips SDB-1945 v2 (shipscribe); NHHC PacFleet org 1 May 1945; NVR; GAO; CourtListener (partial); secondary web sweep; NARA deck-log digitization check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum record, or verified litigation naming USS LST-41 / LST(H)-41 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener opinion search '"LST-41"' returned zero hits (authenticated, 2026-10-02); docket search '"LST-41"' returned three hits, all name collisions (Katrina Canal Breaches flooding litigation, two unrelated bankruptcies) - no asbestos or ship-related docket. CourtListener variant queries ("LSTH-41", "LST(H)-41", "LST 41") remained fleet-paced out this session - logged as blocked, not treated as negative. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm listicle asserting asbestos aboard this specific hull; 'LST-41 asbestos' hits are industrial part-number/standards name collisions, plus one anecdotal social-media post (a crew family member referencing an asbestos-related VA claim - non-citable, no docket located). Law-firm marketing pages do list the builder (Dravo Corp.) in shipyard-asbestos lists - excluded sources asserting nothing about this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. CourtListener coverage is partial (opinion index clean; docket index hits are name collisions; variant spellings unrun due to fleet pacing - open gap). Deck logs, builder work packages, the Maritime Commission disposal file, and the 1947 Berkwit disposition are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-41-lsth41-10