Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]DANFS, LST-84 (NHHC page, verified live HTTP 200 on 2026-10-02) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'LST-84', full record (short LST-format entry)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: laid down 13 April 1943 at Jeffersonville, Ind., by the Jeffersonville Boat & Machine Co.; launched 26 June 1943; sponsored by Mrs. W. Raymond Brendel; commissioned 14 August 1943. Asiatic-Pacific service: Gilbert Islands operation - occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls (February 1944); Marianas operation - capture and occupation of Saipan (June and July 1944); Tinian capture and occupation (July 1944); assault and occupation of Iwo Jima (February and March 1945). Redesignated LSTH-84 on 15 September 1945; occupation duty in the Far East until early March 1946; decommissioned 2 March 1946; struck from the Navy list 31 October 1947; sold 20 April 1948 to the Bethlehem Steel Co., of Seattle, Wash., and subsequently scrapped. Five battle stars for World War II service as LST-84.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- JeffBoat Jeffersonville construction trades 1943; wartime USNR crew and embarked troops; occupation-duty personnel 1945-46
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history, not materials or asbestos content - no asbestos information of any kind. Live NHHC URL verified 2026-10-02 (this hull's page survives the standing NHHC link-rot defect). Internal quirks: DANFS heads its campaign list 'Gilbert Islands operation' for the February 1944 Kwajalein/Majuro occupation, which NavSource and the standard campaign nomenclature place under the Marshall Islands operation; and DANFS lists four operations while awarding five battle stars - NavSource's campaign table supplies the fifth (Gilbert Islands/Tarawa, 21 November - 8 December 1943). DANFS omits the SCAJAP Q080 phase entirely - supplied by NavSource (ev-02).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-01
-
[2]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS LST-84 (page 160084, verified live 2026-10-02) - unit assignments, campaign table, specifications, CO roster, photo captions, SCAJAP Q080 turnover [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 10/16/160084, full record incl. campaign table, specifications block, CO list, and photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource record for this hull: LST-1-class tank landing ship laid down 13 April 1943 at Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Co., Jeffersonville, IN; launched 26 June 1943; commissioned USS LST-84, 14 August 1943, LT. Jack L. Lowentrout, USNR, in command. Assigned LST Flotilla Six (CAPT. Laidlaw, USN), LST Group Eighteen (CDR. P. Neikum Jr., USN (Ret)), LST Division Thirty-Six. Campaign dates: Gilbert Islands - Tarawa, 21 November - 8 December 1943; Marshall Islands - occupation of Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls, 1-6 February 1944; Marianas - capture and occupation of Saipan, 15 June - 30 July 1944; Tinian capture and occupation, 24-30 July 1944; Iwo Jima - assault and occupation, 20 February - 14 March 1945. Redesignated Tank Landing Ship (Hospital) LST(H)-84, 15 September 1945. Navy Occupation Service Medal periods 12-23 December 1945 and 12 January - 2 March 1946. Decommissioned 2 March 1946 and turned over to COMNAVFE Shipping Control Authority for Japan (SCAJAP), redesignated Q080; struck from the Naval Register 31 October 1947; sold for scrapping 20 April 1948 to Bethlehem Steel Co., Seattle, WA. Specs: complement 13 officers/104 enlisted, troops 16 officers/147 enlisted; propulsion two GM 12-567A 900hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, three diesel-drive 100kW 230V DC ship's service generators, two propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders - no boilers or steam machinery; call sign NGDF. CO roster (all USNR): Lowentrout (14 July 1943 - 17 February 1944), Thiele (17 February 1944 - 15 October 1944), Hoppe (15 October 1944 - 1945), Garvin (1945 - 2 March 1946). Photo captions place her loading at Pearl Harbor for the Iwo Jima operation (December 1944 - January 1945, with LST-609, LST-790, LST-641, LST-944, LST-648), under a PBM-1 Mariner in early June 1944 with deck crowded for the Saipan invasion, and unloading across the Iwo Jima beach at D+11 (2 March 1945) alongside LST-724 (US Navy photo by Wallace Page).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- JeffBoat Jeffersonville construction trades 1943; USNR wartime crew; embarked troops incl. units carried at Tarawa/Saipan/Tinian/Iwo Jima; occupation-service personnel 1945-46; SCAJAP-period mariners (Q080, 1946-47)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-curated archive, not a government publication, but it transcribes official records and is used here for detail DANFS omits (unit hierarchy, spec block, CO roster, SCAJAP Q080 turnover, occupation-medal periods). Contains no asbestos information. Its CO roster lists Lowentrout in command from 14 July 1943 - a month before the 14 August 1943 commissioning; consistent with a pre-commissioning assignment, not a date conflict.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-02
-
[3]NHHC, United States Pacific Fleet Organization, 1 May 1945 (Navy Department Library online reading room; live URL returns 404 - archived Wayback capture 2016-05-04 cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- US Pacific Fleet Organization 1 May 1945, 'Landing Ships Tanks' section, LST Flotilla Six / Group 18 / Division 36 table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official fleet organization list names this hull in place: under 'LANDING SHIPS TANKS,' LST FLOTILLA SIX (Capt. J. S. Laidlaw), LST GROUP 18, LST DIVISION 36, the entry 'LST 84' appears with commanding officer 'Lt. E. H. Hoppe (USNR)' - corroborating NavSource's unit hierarchy (Flotilla Six / Group Eighteen / Division Thirty-Six) and CO roster (Hoppe, 15 October 1944 - 1945) from an independent official source as of 1 May 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-05-01
- Population
- USNR ship's company as of 1 May 1945
- Limitations
- Administrative organization document - establishes unit assignment and CO on one date; contains no materials, maintenance, or asbestos information. Live NHHC URL returns 404 (standing NHHC link-rot defect); archived capture cited and labeled as archived.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-03
-
[4]ShipbuildingHistory.com, JeffBoat (Jeffersonville Boat & Machine Co.), Jeffersonville IN yard table (Tim Colton's compiled MARCOM/yards reference, verified live 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com jeffboat.htm hull table, row 'LST 84'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- JeffBoat hull-table row for this hull: 'LST 84 | US Navy | Landing Ship | 1,625d | 328 | 14-Aug-43 | Later LST(H) 84, scrapped 1948' - independently corroborates the 14 August 1943 delivery/commissioning date, the later LST(H) designation, and the 1948 scrapping from a compiled yard reference. Yard context per the same page: JeffBoat was organized in 1938 by American Barge Line; in 1942 the Navy condemned the neighboring Howard yard and turned it over to JeffBoat for the duration, making it a major inland LST builder.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- JeffBoat construction trades (Jeffersonville, 1943)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary reference (Colton's tables drawn from MARCOM/yard records), not a government publication - used as corroboration for dates already carried by DANFS/NavSource, not as sole support. Contains no materials or asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-04
-
[5]DANFS Vol. VII (1981), pp. 569-731, LST type introduction (hazegray transcription; live hazegray fetch failed - archived Wayback capture 2020-10-20 cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Vol. VII LST introduction, paragraphs on wartime conversions and the building program
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- DANFS LST type history: 'Thirty-eight LST's were converted to serve as small hospital ships,' supplementing standard LSTs that removed casualties from invasion beaches. Standard LST design: 328 ft x 50 ft, ballast system for ocean/beaching trim, diesel plant (twin screws), crew ~7-13 officers and ~104-117 enlisted depending on fit. This hull was built at Jeffersonville Boat & Machine - one of the inland 'cornfield' yards (Ohio River) that mass-produced LSTs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1941-1946
- Population
- LST program construction workforce; casualties handled by hospital-configured LSTs (class context)
- Limitations
- Class/type-level documentation only - does not name this hull and does not describe any LST(H) conversion scope for it. The '38 converted' phrasing in DANFS does not distinguish full physical hospital conversions from the 15 September 1945 administrative redesignation group; secondary literature describes the September 1945 action as largely a designation change for the planned Operation Olympic, overtaken by surrender. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-05
-
[6]Composite era/design analysis: NavSource machinery documentation (diesel plant) + lst-1-class.class.json (BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v2 design grouping, 2x GM 12-567A diesels) + GAO HRD-80-2 policy context [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; lst-1-class.class.json design table; GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered amphibious ship built April - August 1943 at an inland Ohio River wartime yard in the Navy's peak asbestos-consumption period: NO boilers or steam plant - the steam-lagging pathway does not apply. Plausible asbestos applications on this type concentrate in diesel-engine and exhaust-system insulation, gaskets and packing throughout the engineering spaces, electrical insulation/cable, deck coverings (incl. tank-deck surfaces), accommodation-space insulation, and brake/friction linings on winches and the stern-anchor windlass. GAO HRD-80-2 documents that the Navy did not begin systematic asbestos substitution until the 1970s - decades after this hull was scrapped (1948), so no substitution-era refit ever touched her.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- JeffBoat Jeffersonville construction trades 1943; USNR wartime crew and embarked troops; occupation-service personnel 1945-46; SCAJAP-period mariners 1946-47; Bethlehem Steel Seattle scrapping workforce 1948
- Limitations
- Class/era and design inference only - no hull-level material schedule, insulation spec, or survey exists in the public record for this ship. The September 1945 LST(H) redesignation and the 1946-47 SCAJAP Q080 period are both undocumented as to material condition or refit. Does not establish presence, absence, or quantity of ACM aboard at any time.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-06
-
[7]GAO HRD-80-2, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure (published 1979-10-18; product-page description - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 highlights/summary
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- Program-level Navy asbestos policy: per the GAO product description, the Navy's 1975 policy removed and replaced with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for necessary repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas; the Navy reported that ships delivered in later years had little or no asbestos thermal insulation while other Navy ships contained large quantities. Establishes that systematic substitution postdates this hull's entire existence (built 1943, scrapped 1948) - no asbestos-era remediation program ever applied to her.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1975-1979 policy window; exposure era 1940s-1970s
- Population
- Navy shipyard workforce (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level document about 1970s policy at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards; does not name this hull or establish materials aboard it. Product-page description used because gao.gov blocks automated full-text access (HTTP 403, standing defect since Batch 01).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-07
-
[8]Batch-6478 search ledger (this record): live DANFS, NavSource 160084, NHHC Pacific Fleet organization document (archived), shipbuildinghistory JeffBoat build table (live), DANFS Vol. VII LST introduction (archived hazegray), GAO HRD-80-2, NVR attempt, NARA logbooks series search, CourtListener API v4 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-01 through sl-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, build material schedule, or museum/regulator hazmat disclosure exists in the public sources searched for this hull (see search_ledger). CourtListener type=o queries '"LST-84"', '"LST 84"', and '"LST(H)-84"' all returned zero hits (authenticated HTTP 200, count=0); the '"LSTH-84"' and '"USS LST-84"' variants and type=r docket sweeps remained subject to the fleet-wide ~114/hr authenticated pace at time of writing and are logged row-by-row in the ledger.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943 diesel-powered hull is consistent with era materials, and the hull was scrapped in 1948 before any documentation regime existed. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-lst-h-84-lsth84-08