Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]research packet in-packet.md (8 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-manning-de199-pkt-in-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Manning II (DE-199) (builder, dates, service narrative, striking and sale; live NHHC page returns 404 - verbatim transcription via HyperWar/ibiblio) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, specifications block + service narrative (HyperWar/ibiblio de199.html)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: second ship named Manning - for Aviation Machinist's Mate Third Class Milburn A. Manning (b. 16 February 1920, Howell Township, Mo.), killed 7 December 1941 at Kaneohe Naval Station during the Pearl Harbor attack and posthumously cited by CinCPac (the first Manning retained her Revenue Cutter Service name). Laid down by Charleston Navy Yard, Charleston, S.C., 15 February 1943; launched 1 June 1943; sponsored by Mrs. J. H. Hughes; commissioned at Charleston 1 October 1943, Lt. John I. Mingay in command. Shakedown off Bermuda; departed Charleston 12 December 1943 escorting a troopship convoy via Panama to Pearl Harbor (arrived 1 January 1944). South Pacific escort/ASW duty: Solomons, New Hebrides, New Caledonia, Samoa; fleet-oiler screen for 3d Fleet carrier raids on the Carolines (26 March 1944). Temporary 7th Fleet duty from Milne Bay: Humboldt Bay and Aitape convoys, Wakde landing screen (17 May 1944); damaged screws and shafts - under tow to Espiritu Santo 24 June, repairs/overhaul through August. Leyte Gulf operations 23 October-1 November 1944 (splashed a twin-engined bomber 24 October) and a second Leyte run 24 November; flagship of CortDiv 37 from 1 December; Lingayen/Luzon operations out of Mangarin Bay, Mindoro, January-February 1945; Philippine Sea Frontier and South China Sea convoy-lane patrols out of Subic Bay through August 1945. Departed Subic 2 September 1945; reached San Diego 23 October. Decommissioned at San Diego 15 January 1947; berthed San Diego then Bremerton; declared unfit mid-1968; struck from the Navy list 31 July 1968; sold 27 October 1969. Four battle stars for World War II service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1969
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades 1943; wartime crew (DANFS design complement 213); Pacific Reserve Fleet caretakers 1947-1969
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. Live NHHC page returns 404 (standing link rot); verbatim HyperWar/ibiblio transcription cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-01
-
[3]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. I (1945), Destroyer-Escort Vessels roster row for MANNING, DE-199 (shipscribe.com scan; OCR + visual read of book pp. 252-253) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v1 roster row 209, MANNING DE-199 (book pp. 252-253; shipscribe scan PDF p. 135)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Contemporaneous official BuShips roster row for this hull (roster row 209): MANNING, official number DE199, design group TE; builder 'Navy Yard, Charleston'; contract price $3,180,000; contract signed 8 June 1942; keel laid 15 February 1943; launched 1 June 1943; first commission 1 October 1943. All dates concur with DANFS.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades 1943
- Limitations
- Official contemporaneous build roster - documents identity, builder, contract, and dates; contains no insulation or materials information and says nothing about asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-02
-
[4]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. I (1945), Destroyer-Escort Vessels design-group table, group 2 / TE (shipscribe.com scan; OCR of book pp. 234-235) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v1 DE design-group table, group-2 row (book pp. 234-235; shipscribe scan PDF p. 126)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official BuShips design-group table: design group 2 (symbol TE - turbine-electric drive, 3-inch guns) - 2 shafts; GE turbo-electric machinery, 12,000 shp; 2 'D' express-type boilers at 435 p.s.i., 750 deg. F superheat; 3 turbo ship's-service generators (200 kW, 450 V A.C.). Design-group symbols per the table footnote: GMT=1, TE=2, TEV=3, FMR=4, DET=5, WGT=6. Documents that the TE design - the plant Manning's roster row assigns to this hull - carried a full superheated steam plant, unlike the diesel DE groups (GMT/FMR/DET rows read 'None' in the boiler columns).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1945 (publication)
- Population
- TE-design crews (design accommodations ~213-215)
- Limitations
- Class/design documentation for the whole TE group, not a per-hull material schedule - establishes plant type, not insulation content or asbestos. Table OCR'd from a scanned page; some table cells (displacement, fuel columns) partially garbled in OCR - steam conditions and machinery row read cleanly.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-03
-
[5]Navypedia, 'Buckley (TE) class destroyer escorts' - class roster and per-block boiler-manufacturer map (compiled reference) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navypedia us_de_te.htm, member table row DE-199 + boiler-block map
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class roster and boiler-block map: 148 Buckley (TE) hulls completed across eight builders; DE-199 falls in the Combustion Engineering boiler block (DE-155, 199-213, 633-644, 675-683, 693-705 per navypedia). Manning's roster line concurs with DANFS/SDB on builder (Charleston Navy Yard) and dates.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Buckley-class construction and operating crews (148 hulls)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary reference (class-level): the boiler-manufacturer block map is navypedia-sourced and unverified against contract documents; not a materials or asbestos source - used for class context only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-04
-
[6]NavSource Destroyer Escort Photo Archive, USS Manning (DE-199) page (specs, building/operational data, awards, flag hoist NZGQ; Wayback capture 2025-05-13 - live page fetch failed) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.org/archives/06/199.htm building-and-operational-data block + photo captions (Wayback 2025-05-13 capture)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource compiled record for this hull: keel laid 15 February 1943 by Charleston Navy Yard; launched 1 June 1943; christened/commissioned 1 October 1943 (sponsor Mrs. J. H. Hughes, widow of a WWI Marine and mother of five servicemen; christening was part of the commissioning ceremony); Lt. John I. Mingay in command. Decommissioned 15 January 1947 at San Diego after 3 years 3.5 months of service, having steamed 101,000 miles; inactivation completed 20 February 1947, assigned to Submarine Group Two, San Diego Group, Pacific Reserve Fleet; struck from the NVR 31 July 1968 while mothballed at Bremerton, Wash.; sold for scrapping 27 October 1969 to National Metal & Steel Co., Terminal Island, San Pedro, Cal. Specs concur with DANFS/SDB: TE plant, 2 'D' Express boilers, GE turbines with electric drive, 12,000 shp; complement 15/198. Awards: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive); American Campaign Medal; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with 4 stars; WWII Victory Medal; Philippine Liberation Ribbon. NARA photo citation on the page: BuShips photo 80-G-274926 (Noumea, 19 Feb 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1969
- Population
- Wartime crew (complement 15 officers/198 enlisted); breakers at National Metal & Steel, Terminal Island, 1969-70
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary archive, not a contemporaneous record - dates concur with DANFS/SDB where they overlap and add the scrapping buyer. Contributed photo captions are unattributed detail. No asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-05
-
[7]Consolidated era/design inference - BuShips SDB 1945 design-group-2 machinery row (2 'D' express boilers 435 psi/750F; GE turbo-electric 12,000 shp) + GAO HRD-80-2 era context + Atlas class-pattern precedent for steam-powered escorts [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v1 pp. 234-235 group-2 row (2 'D' express boilers present) vs. diesel-group rows (boilers 'None'); cf. buckley-class profile ev-buckley-class-04 (same steam-DE application set)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: a Buckley-class (TE) destroyer escort built at a Navy yard in 1943 with a full superheated steam plant would have carried era-standard asbestos applications appropriate to a steam-powered escort - boiler and fireroom insulation, steam-line lagging, turbine lagging, gaskets and packing on steam and feed systems, electrical insulation, fireproofing, and deck coverings. Unlike the diesel DE classes (Edsall/FMR, Cannon/DET, Evarts/GMT - whose SDB rows read 'None' in the boiler columns), the TE and WGT designs retained boilers and steam lines, so the largest asbestos categories of steam ships apply to this design.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1969
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard construction trades 1943; crew 1943-47; reserve-fleet maintenance 1947-69
- Limitations
- Class/era and design inference only - NOT a hull-specific finding. No insulation schedule or material list for DE-199 was located; this establishes era-consistent expectation for the type, not that any specific material went aboard this hull. Does not quantify material or establish any individual's exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-06
-
[8]Atlas shipyard dataset record 'charleston-naval-shipyard' (shipyard-exposure-map/client/src/data/shipyards.json): Charleston Naval Shipyard, Charleston, S.C., USN-operated 1901-1996, WWII peak employment 25,948, evidence tier 2 [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipyards.json record 'charleston-naval-shipyard' (evidence rows incl. ev-charleston-naval-shipyard-06)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder-yard context: Charleston Navy Yard (later Charleston Naval Shipyard) built this hull in 1943 under a $3,180,000 contract (SDB 1945 row 209). The Atlas yard dataset documents the yard at tier 2 with asbestos products documented (pipe insulation, boiler coatings, gaskets, packing, thermal insulation for steam systems, fireproofing, electrical insulation) and litigation verdicts against the yard era (e.g., $70.8M verdict for Navy machinist Robert Whalen, 2014). Yard-level documentation corroborates that the builder's wartime workforce worked amid documented asbestos products.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1901-1996 (yard); 1943 (this hull's construction)
- Population
- Charleston Navy Yard trades and production workforce (WWII peak employment 25,948)
- Limitations
- Builder-yard context only - documents the yard's asbestos environment, not this hull's materials. Yard litigation (Whalen and related) concerns shipyard-worker exposure at the facility generally; it does not establish that asbestos went aboard DE-199 or expose any specific worker to this hull. Yard was never Superfund-listed (EPA site ID SC0170022560 per the dataset).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's extensive shipboard asbestos insulation use with substitution not beginning until the early 1970s - DE-199 (built 1943) falls inside the documented asbestos-use era for Navy ship construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers
- Limitations
- Program-level era context only. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches); content via product-page description. Says nothing about this specific hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-08
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 opinion sweep for 'USS Manning' (via fleet-paced authenticated helper cl-auth-search.py); further sweeps blocked by fleet pacing budget [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener API v4 search results 2026-09-28: 'USS Manning' type=o count=0; 'DE-199' type=o and 'USS Manning' type=r attempted, blocked by fleet pacer (see search_ledger sl-05 through sl-08)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Opinion sweep '"USS Manning"' (type=o): 0 hits - no published opinion indexed on CourtListener names the ship. Hull-number sweep '"DE-199"' and docket sweep '"USS Manning"' (type=r) could not be completed this session: the fleet-wide CourtListener pacing budget (~114 requests/hr shared across batch sessions) stood the helper down; carried as a coverage limitation, not a result.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Partial sweep only. 'USS Manning' opinion coverage is complete (0 hits); the hull-number and docket sweeps are UNVERIFIED - 'DE-199' is also an ECF document-entry-number format ('DE 199', '(DE-199)') that produced heavy false-positive load on sibling hulls, and surname 'Manning' collides with unrelated parties. Sweep coverage is the CourtListener opinion index only; state-court dockets, PACER-only filings, and settled/undocketed claims are outside it. 'No result' does not prove no claim was ever filed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-09
-
[11]Batch-4114 search ledger (this record): DANFS transcription; NavSource archive page (Wayback); BuShips Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 1 (OCR + visual); navypedia class page; GAO product page; NARA catalog/API check; general web sweep; CourtListener sweeps (see sl-05 through sl-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-manning-de199-01 through sl-uss-manning-de199-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located for DE-199: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material schedule, or museum documentation exists for this hull - it was sold for scrapping to National Metal & Steel Co. on 27 October 1969, pre-dating the museum-donation and hazmat-disclosure era that produced records for preserved escorts (e.g., USS Slater DE-766, USS Stewart DE-238). The only 'asbestos' hits naming USS Manning (DE-199) in general web search are law-firm marketing listicles that enumerate every WWII hull (asbestos-ships.com vessel page; shepardlawfirm.com name lists) - non-authoritative and excluded by batch rules.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Absence of a located record is not proof of absence aboard - 1943 Navy-yard construction falls inside the documented Navy asbestos-use era, and the TE plant carried the steam-system categories most associated with shipboard asbestos. Deck logs (RG 24), the ship's WWII war diary (RG 38; NavSource links a NARA-hosted 'official War History' submitted by the ship), and BuShips construction records (RG 19, incl. any General Information Book for DE-199) at NARA are unsurveyed leads. Does not establish that asbestos was or was not present aboard; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-manning-de199-10