Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]In re: Asbestos Products Liability Litigation (MDL-875); Holczer v. A.O. Smith Corp. et al., C.A. No. 21-420 (E.D. Pa. Oct. 21, 2021), memorandum order (RECAP) [court_record]
- Locator
- E.D. Pa. docket 21-420, memorandum order of Oct. 21, 2021 (document 2490-9 on the MDL docket)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Docketed asbestos MDL-875 action: plaintiff John Holczer alleged injury from asbestos-containing products during 1974-1977 Navy service aboard USS Midway and USS Durham; the docket identifies evaporators manufactured by Griscom Russell for use aboard Midway as a focus of the exposure claim. The cited order addresses discovery motions.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 1974-1977 (alleged exposure); 2021 (order)
- Population
- Sailor aboard USS Midway 1974-1977; alleged asbestos exposure
- Limitations
- Pleading/discovery-stage allegation - the court record exists and is verified, but the exposure claim is unadjudicated. Does not establish that the evaporators aboard contained asbestos, that any individual exposure occurred, or any quantity of material aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-01
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[2]Capt. C.S. Kaune, "Modernization of the Midway," U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings (Feb 1971); corroborated by museum historian Karl Zingheim, Midway Currents [reputable_press]
- Locator
- USNI Proceedings, Feb 1971 issue; https://midwaycurrents.org/spring-2024/author/karl-historian/
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- SCB-101.66 reconstruction at San Francisco Bay Naval Shipyard (Hunters Point): entered Feb 1966, in drydock Sep 1967-late 1968, recommissioned 1970-01-31; the largest carrier modernization the Navy had undertaken (cost grew from ~$88M to ~$202M); virtually the entire machinery plant was overhauled or replaced.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 1966-1970
- Population
- Hunters Point yard workers; pre-commissioning crew
- Limitations
- Documents the yard period and machinery-plant scope on this hull; asbestos rip-out volume and any individual exposure are inferred from era practice, not documented. Does not quantify material removed or retained.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-02
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[3]DANFS, Midway III (CVB-41) - construction, SCB-110 yard period, career record (verbatim transcription; live NHHC page unavailable) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- SCB-110 modernization at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard: out of commission 1955 to 1957-09-30; enclosed bow, angled flight deck, steam catapults installed. Ship built at Newport News 1943-45 and commissioned one week after WWII ended.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 1943-1945; 1955-1957
- Population
- Puget Sound NSY trades; crew
- Limitations
- Yard periods are ship-specific and documented; asbestos disturbance during the 1955-57 rebuild is era inference, not a per-hull record. Does not establish exposure for any individual or material quantities.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-03
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[4]DANFS, Midway III (CVB-41) - twelve-boiler, four-turbine propulsion plant, WWII build date [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS specifications block; era substitution timing per GAO HRD-80-2 product description
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1945-delivered ship with a twelve-boiler, four-turbine steam plant was built in the peak years of Navy asbestos use; era-standard applications included boiler casing and fireroom insulation, steam-pipe lagging, turbine lagging, valve and flange gaskets and packing, deck tile, bulkhead fireproofing, and cable insulation. The Navy did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Construction trades (1943-45); crew (1945-1992); yard workers at both reconstructions
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey located. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials on this hull; no quantity; does not establish remaining material aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-04
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[5]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; GAO fieldwork was at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, not Midway's yards. Supports era context for why insulation persisted aboard, not any fact specific to this hull; full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - description via product page.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-05
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[6]Port of San Diego / USS Midway Museum press release, Freedom Park at Navy Pier milestone (Sep 4, 2024) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Press release text (headhouse demolition; AMG Demolition contract)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Documented hazardous-material abatement and demolition of Building 11, the pier headhouse at the entrance to Navy Pier (the Midway's berth), under a ~$7.4M Port contract approved Feb 2024; demolition began Sep 4, 2024.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-14
- Study period
- 2024
- Population
- Demolition contractor personnel
- Limitations
- This is the pier headhouse building, NOT the vessel - kept distinct to prevent site findings being attributed to the ship. Establishes nothing about ACM aboard Midway.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-07
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[7]Morgan v. Aurora Pump Co., 248 P.3d 1052 (Wash. Ct. App. 2011) [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener opinion 2624620 - coworker testimony re three carriers including USS Midway
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Claude Science litigation sweep (2026-09-15), reconciled against production record: Washington appellate opinion records coworker testimony that he and the plaintiff worked aboard three aircraft carriers together - 'the USS Roosevelt, the USS Midway, and the USS Coral Sea' - mostly in machinery spaces; testimony also places the plaintiff alongside asbestos-insulated equipment (a Buffalo pump, a turbine).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-15
- Study period
- 2011
- Population
- Plaintiff and coworker aboard CV-41 (machinery spaces)
- Limitations
- Allegation-level litigation: the opinion documents the exposure claim and the coworker's testimony; it is not an adjudicated finding that asbestos exposure occurred aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-midway-cv41-08