Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet jg-packet.md (7 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS Mullany (DD-325). Hull number DD-325; designation
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-mullany-dd325-pkt-jg-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Mullany I (Destroyer No. 325) - canonical NHHC page, retrieved through Wayback Machine capture 2019-09-15 (live NHHC page returns 404 this session) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Mullany I (Destroyer No. 325)', specifications block + service narrative + namesake biography
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: Clemson-class destroyer (spec block: dp. 1,215; l. 314'5"; b. 31'8"; dr. 9'4"; s. 35 k.; cpl. 95; a. 4 4", 1 3", 12 21" tt.; cl. Clemson). Laid down 3 June 1919 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., San Francisco, Calif.; launched 9 July 1920; sponsored by Miss Alice Lee Hall; commissioned at Mare Island Navy Yard 29 March 1921, Lt. Edward Breed in command. Based at San Diego; operated along the west coast through most of her career, sailing annually to the Canal Zone and Caribbean for combined fleet maneuvers. Left San Francisco 15 April 1925 for fleet tactics in Hawaiian waters, then sailed 1 July with the battle fleet on a goodwill cruise via Samoa to Australia and New Zealand; returned to San Diego 27 September. In 1928 twice cruised to Hawaii - fleet maneuvers, then naval-reservist training. Decommissioned 1 May 1930 at San Diego; name struck from the Navy list 18 November 1930; sold for scrapping 19 March 1931. Namesake paragraph: Rear Adm. Robert Madison Mullany (born New York City 26 October 1818; midshipman 7 January 1832; capture of Tobasco, Mexican War; North Atlantic and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons, Civil War; thanks of Congress for gallantry at Mobile Bay, where he lost an arm; commanded North Atlantic Station 1874-75; died Bryn Mawr, Pa., 17 September 1887).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919-1931
- Population
- Bethlehem/Union Plant construction trades 1919-1921; Pacific Fleet crew (complement 95 per DANFS)
- Limitations
- DANFS documents construction, specifications, and service history - not materials or asbestos content. Does not state the breakup site or buyer. Live NHHC page returned 404; verbatim text cited via Wayback Machine capture of the canonical URL (2019-09-15; page published 2016-02-25). DANFS prints the namesake's name as 'Robert Madison Mullany'; secondary sources give the fuller form 'James Robert Madison Mullany' - carried as printed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-01
-
[3]U.S. Navy Department, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels (GPO, 1 July 1922 edition), Destroyers - First Line (DD) tables, alphabetical row 175 'MULLANY ... DD325' (public-domain official publication; page-image scan hosted at shipscribe.com, OCR-verified at book pages 110-115) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ships' Data U.S. Naval Vessels 1922, 'Destroyers - First Line (DD)' alphabetical tables, row 175, book pages 110-115 (PDF pages 115-120 of the shipscribe.com scan)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official contemporaneous Navy data book, hull-level entries for DD-325: machinery - 4 oil-burning Yarrow water-tube boilers, G.E. Curtis geared turbines, 2 propellers; 27,540 shp designed, 31,070 shp trial (book p.112). Dimensions - 314'4.5" overall, 310'0" waterline, beam 30'11", draft 9'4", normal displacement 1,215 tons, full load 1,308 tons (book p.110). Trial data - trial displacement 1,330 tons, trial speed 33.74 knots; complement columns about 10 officers, 104 enlisted (book p.111). Construction - builder 'Beth. S.B. Corp.', cost-plus-fee contract (contract authorization act 6 Oct. 1917 context; contract signed 6 Dec. 1917), keel laid 3 June 1919, launched 9 July 1920, no preliminary-acceptance date, first and latest commission 29 March 1921 (book pp.114-115).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919-1922 (data as of 1 July 1922)
- Population
- Bethlehem/Union Plant construction trades 1919-1921; crew complement about 114 (10 officers, 104 enlisted) per the 1922 tables
- Limitations
- Hull-specific machinery and date documentation from an official Navy Department publication - establishes the steam plant (4 Yarrow boilers, Curtis geared turbines) but contains no asbestos or materials-content information; the asbestos significance of that plant is era inference only (see ev-04). Figures are as tabulated in the 1922 edition; OCR of a scanned page image - values spot-verified against DANFS (dates, displacement) and NavSource (crew ~114).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-02
-
[4]U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command photograph NH 67625 (NHC Online Library, ibiblio/HyperWar mirror) - 'USS Mullany (DD-325) Underway, circa 1921'; and NH 69440 - USS Rappahannock (AF-6) moored off San Diego early 1920s with destroyers including USS Mullany (DD-325) 4th from left; plus NavSource Destroyer Photo Index DD-325 (call sign NUML; CO roster; as-built data) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHC Online Library picture-data pages NH 67625 and NH 69440; NavSource DD-325 index as-built block and CO roster
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official photo records for this hull: NH 67625 shows DD-325 underway circa 1921 with a large target hung forward of the mainmast (gunnery exercises); NH 69440 shows her moored off San Diego in the early 1920s among destroyers. NavSource index data: class Clemson; 1,215 tons; 314'5" oa x 31'8" x 9'10" max; machinery 26,500 shp geared turbines, 2 screws; crew 114; laid down by Bethlehem Steel, San Francisco 3 June 1919; launched 9 July 1920; commissioned 29 March 1921; decommissioned 1 May 1930; stricken 30 November 1930; sold 19 March 1931 and broken up for scrap. CO roster: Lt. Edward Breed (29 Mar-31 May 1921); Lt. Comdr. Josiah Ogden Hoffman Jr. (to 30 Dec 1923); Lt. Comdr. William Ward Waddell (to 2 Feb 1926); Lt. Comdr. Hans Ertz (to 15 Jul 1929); Comdr. Frank Delmore Manock (to 1 May 1930).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1921-1930
- Population
- Crew during 1921-1930 Pacific service
- Limitations
- Photo-caption-level and index documentation of appearance, station, and dates; contains no asbestos or materials information. NavSource is a reputable volunteer archive used as an index/lead, not a primary source; its stricken date (30 November 1930) differs from DANFS (18 November 1930) - DANFS carried where they conflict.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-03
-
[5]Fleischer WE, Viles FJ Jr, et al., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 1946 Jan;28:9-16 (PMID 21016030) + Atlas shipyards.json 'bethlehem-shipbuilding' and 'mare-island-naval-shipyard' records + NARA RG 19 General Information Books archival lead [other_primary]
- Locator
- PubMed record PMID 21016030 (J Ind Hyg Toxicol 1946;28:9-16, verified via NLM esummary); shipyards.json records 'bethlehem-shipbuilding' and 'mare-island-naval-shipyard'; NARA RG19 GIB series as unretrieved lead
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/class inference: DD-325 was a Clemson-class flush-deck destroyer built 1919-1921 with a four-boiler oil-burning steam plant and geared steam turbines - documented at hull level by Ships' Data 1922 (4 Yarrow boilers, G.E. Curtis geared turbines, ev-02). Steam vessels of this construction era carried thermal insulation on boilers, steam drums, and steam lines plus gaskets and packing, and insulation products of the period commonly contained asbestos fiber. Fleischer et al. (1946) document amosite asbestos as 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels' under construction - a government/peer-reviewed yard survey establishing Navy practice two decades after this build, carried as era-continuity context. The Atlas yard dataset documents period asbestos products at builder Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp.'s yards (85% magnesia block, Marinite, Transite, Aircell pipe covering, Unibestos, lagging, gaskets, packing) and at Mare Island Naval Shipyard (Unibestos, Marinite, Transite, Kaylo, Careytemp, packing, gaskets, refractory materials), where this hull was commissioned. NARA RG 19 'General Information Books' hold per-vessel material specifications and are the archival lead for hull-level materials data.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919-1931 (hull); 1946 (Fleischer survey)
- Population
- Bethlehem/Union Plant construction trades 1919-1921; Mare Island fitting-out/commissioning workforce; crew 1921-1930; ship-breaking workforce 1931
- Limitations
- Class/era and yard-level inference only - NO ship-specific asbestos finding; no surveyed material, spec sheet, or removal record for this hull was located. Fleischer documents WWII-era construction practice (1940s), roughly two decades after this hull's 1919-21 build - era-continuity evidence, not proof of identical 1919 materials. Yard-dataset findings for bethlehem-shipbuilding center on Bethlehem's East Coast plants (Sparrows Point, Baltimore), not the San Francisco Union Plant; Mare Island findings concern yard operations, not this hull's fitting out specifically. NARA GIB retrieval not performed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-04
-
[6]U.S. Department of State, Office of the Historian: Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armament (London Naval Treaty), Treaty Series No. 830, signed 22 April 1930 (FRUS 1930, vol. I, doc. 106) [other_primary]
- Locator
- FRUS 1930 vol. I, doc. 106 - Part III, Art. 15-16 (category definitions and tonnage table)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- The London Naval Treaty of 22 April 1930 (Article 16) capped U.S. destroyer tonnage at 150,000 tons against 31 December 1936 and obliged gradual disposal of tonnage in excess - contemporaneous policy context for the 1930-31 mass disposal of worn World War I-program flush-deck destroyers. This hull's decommissioning at San Diego on 1 May 1930 fell nine days after the treaty signing, with striking 18 November 1930 and sale for scrapping 19 March 1931 inside the treaty-era disposal wave.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1930-1931
- Limitations
- Treaty text does not name this hull; the linkage between treaty tonnage limits and DD-325's disposal is contemporaneous-timing inference, not a documented selection. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-05
-
[7]Batch-3312 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS live site and Wayback captures; Ships' Data 1922 official tables; NHC Online Library photo pages; NavSource destroyer index; CourtListener API v4 opinion and RECAP sweeps (authenticated helper); NARA catalog availability; NPS/NHL/NRHP checks; web sweep for hazmat/abatement/survey/litigation records naming the hull [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-mullany-dd325-01 through sl-uss-mullany-dd325-15
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Mullany (DD-325) as an exposure site was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull was scrapped in 1931 - before the asbestos-litigation era - so no preserved-hull or museum-disclosure surface exists. CourtListener sweeps completed: "USS Mullany" returned zero opinion hits and one docket hit resolving to a different hull (Hornsby v. United States, E.D. Va. 2:22-cv-00427 - 'USS Mullany (DD 528)' inside an officer's affidavit, not this hull); "Mullany" + asbestos returned one opinion that is a citation to Mullany v. Eiseman (legal-malpractice precedent inside Meyers v. Epstein, 232 F. Supp. 2d 192) - a name collision, not a vessel reference; "DD 325" destroyer returned zero opinion hits; "DD-325" returned zero opinion hits and nine docket hits, all string collisions on exhibit/docket identifiers in unrelated matters (securities, bankruptcy, civil-rights, environmental, insurance causes - none naval, none asbestos). Name-collision check performed: the only other commissioned hull of the name is Mullany II (DD-528, 1943-1971).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1919-21 steam-ship construction commonly used asbestos, but for this hull that remains era inference, not ship-proven. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener full-text coverage is index-dependent - an unindexed pleading or RECAP attachment naming the hull cannot be excluded.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-06
-
[8]DANFS, Mullany II (DD-528) - canonical NHHC page via Wayback Machine capture 2021-11-14; collision corpus observed in excluded law-firm marketing pages (shepardlawfirm.com, gorilaw.com, mesolawcenter.com, mesotheliomahelp.org) and in CourtListener docket text (Hornsby v. United States) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Mullany II (DD-528)' entry via Wayback; Hornsby v. United States docket entry 165 (Memorandum in Support, exhibit affidavit) via CourtListener docket-entries API; excluded marketing pages observed via web search 2026-09-27
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Name-collision correction: asbestos-litigation marketing material and the single CourtListener docket hit naming 'USS Mullany' are NOT about this hull. The marketing ship pages identify their Mullany explicitly as DD-528 (shepardlawfirm.com's page is 'USS Mullany | DD 528'; gorilaw.com's entry carries the 6 April 1945 Okinawa kamikaze history; mesolawcenter.com lists 'DD 528'); mesotheliomahelp.org lists both hulls generically in a destroyer roster. The CourtListener docket hit (Hornsby v. United States, E.D. Va. 2:22-cv-00427, settled and dismissed April 2025) contains 'the destroyer USS Mullany (DD 528)' in a retired officer's affidavit about his own service history - DD-528 named verbatim, and the reference is a declarant's service record, not the plaintiff's exposure site. DANFS supplies the discriminator: Mullany II (DD-528) is the Fletcher-class hull originally named Beatty, renamed 28 May 1941, laid down 15 January 1942 by Bethlehem Steel Co., Union Plant, San Francisco, commissioned 23 April 1943 - a WWII-service hull, whereas DD-325 was out of service 1 May 1930 and scrapped 1931. Any consumer matching 'USS Mullany' + asbestos to DD-325 from that corpus would be a misattribution.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1942-1971 (DD-528 window); 2022-2025 (Hornsby docket); 2026 (marketing corpus)
- Limitations
- Marketing claims are not litigation records - no docketed opinion naming either Mullany hull as an exposure site was located this session. The collision determination rests on DANFS hull identities, the marketing pages' own hull numbers and service windows, and the Hornsby docket text naming 'DD 528' - not on any adjudicated record. Marketing pages are cited here only to document the collision risk, never as exposure evidence.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-07
-
[9]DANFS, Mullany I (DD-325) specifications block - 'cl. Clemson' (canonical NHHC page via Wayback) + Ships' Data 1922 'Destroyers - First Line (DD)' tables [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Mullany I (Destroyer No. 325)' spec block; Ships' Data 1922 Destroyers-First Line tables, row 175
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class-metadata correction: upstream PRIMARY metadata listed this hull's class as 'Hopkins.' No U.S. Navy destroyer class named 'Hopkins' exists; the likely source of the mislabel is USS Hopkins (DD-249), itself a Clemson-class sister. Authoritative records establish this hull as Clemson-class: the DANFS specifications block for DD-325 reads 'cl. Clemson,' and the official Ships' Data 1922 tables carry the hull (row 175) among the Clemson-group first-line destroyers with class-standard machinery. Corrected value carried: Clemson-class.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27 (metadata correction)
- Limitations
- The correction is documented against authoritative sources (DANFS spec block; official Ships' Data tables); the mechanism of the original mislabel is inference only - 'Hopkins' corresponds to a same-class sister's name, not a real class designation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-08
-
[10]National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places: Union Iron Works Historic District, NRIS 14000150 (listed 17 April 2014), San Francisco - nomination text hosted at sfport.com [nps]
- Locator
- NPS NRIS record 14000150; nomination form 'Union Iron Works Historic District' (April 2014)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NPS National Register documentation covers the builder's yard: the 66-acre Union Iron Works shipyard at Potrero Point, San Francisco, historic names including 'Potrero Works,' 'Union Yard,' 'Bethlehem Steel Yard' - the plant where this hull was laid down in June 1919, launched 9 July 1920, and fitted out through completion (Ships' Data 1922 records no preliminary-acceptance date before her 29 March 1921 commissioning at Mare Island). The district documentation records the yard's Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation ownership era; the same plant later built Mullany II (DD-528) in 1942.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919-1921 (build period); 2014 (NRHP listing)
- Population
- Union Plant / Bethlehem Shipbuilding workforce, 1919-1921
- Limitations
- Documents the builder's plant, not this hull's materials - no asbestos content and no hull-specific construction detail beyond siting.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-mullany-dd325-09