Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet w-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-okanogan-apa220-pkt-w-packet-md
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[2]DANFS / NHHC, "Okanogan" (APA-220) entry, published 2015-08-17 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry "Okanogan" (APA-220), NHHC website; Wayback Machine capture 20251209074717
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official ship history: built under Maritime Commission contract by Permanente Metals Corp., Richmond, CA; launched 26 Oct 1944, sponsored by Mrs. E. J. Husted; acquired and commissioned 3 Dec 1944, Comdr. Frederick Fender USNR in command. Stats line: dp 14,837; l. 455'; b. 62'; dr. 24'; s. 18 k.; cpl. 692; trp. 1,562; 1x5", 4 twin 40mm, 1 quad 40mm; class Haskell; type VC2-S-AP5. Narrative covers WWII Okinawa reinforcement (arrived 17 Apr 1945, 740 Army troops embarked at Pearl Harbor), postwar Atlantic Fleet service from Norfolk, Korean War Inchon/Wonsan landings and Chinampo evacuation (~3,000 refugees, Dec 1950), 1950s-60s WestPac deployments, and 1965-68 Vietnam service (Da Nang station ship Jul-Nov 1965 berthing/messing 700-900; returned as station ship 17 Nov 1966). One battle star WWII, six Korean War.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1968
- Population
- Ship's company ~692; embarked troops ~1,562 capacity; wartime embarked/casualty passengers
- Limitations
- Ship-specific identity/history only - contains no asbestos information. DANFS narrative ends with 1968 service; it does not record decommissioning (1970-02-05), LPA-220 redesignation (1969-01-01), striking (1973-06-01), or disposal, which are carried here from MARAD/NVR-derived sources. Live history.navy.mil URL returned 404 on 2026-09-25; content verified via Wayback capture dated 2025-12-09.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-01
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[3]U.S. DoD, Military Health System, Deseret Test Center Project SHAD fact sheet: "High Low" (DTC Test 65-13), released/corrected 2002-10-09; corroborated by National Academies, "Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD" (2007), ch. 4-5 [other_primary]
- Locator
- health.mil fact sheet "High Low"; NAP.edu report ch. 4 table and ch. 5 narrative
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- USS Okanogan (APA-220) is a named participant in Project SHAD test "High Low" (Test 65-13): four test ships (USS Berkeley DDG-15, USS Fechteler DD-870, USS Okanogan APA-220, USS Wexford County LST-1168) were exposed to released methylacetoacetate (MAA), a simulant for sarin nerve agent, in the Pacific off San Diego, 11 Jan - 26 Feb 1965, to measure penetration of a toxic-agent cloud into naval ships under three material-readiness conditions. Per DoD ship-log data quoted in the National Academies review, Okanogan participated in 9 trials (3 at each readiness condition) between 22 and 26 Jan 1965; masks were worn by personnel directly exposed to significant quantities of MAA per the final test report.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1965-01-11 to 1965-02-26 (Okanogan trials 1965-01-22 to 1965-01-26)
- Population
- Ship's crew and civilian Deseret Test Center personnel aboard during trials
- Limitations
- Documents a chemical-simulant (MAA) exposure event naming this hull - NOT asbestos. Establishes named-ship participation in a documented DoD exposure program and that airborne agents were deliberately released against and around the ship's ventilation envelope. Per-ship trial count derives from DoD ship logs as summarized in the secondary National Academies review, not the fact sheet itself. Establishes no asbestos exposure and no individual exposure level.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-02
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[4]U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs / VBA, "Navy and Coast Guard Ships Associated with Service in Vietnam and Exposure to Herbicide Agents" (ships list; incorporated at M21-1 pt. IV, subpt. ii, sec. 1.H.2.b) [other_primary]
- Locator
- VA ships list, Okanogan (APA-220) entry (verbatim mirror, tf116.org PDF)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- VA's official ships list names USS Okanogan (APA-220) as having operated on the Saigon River on 22-23 July, 29-30 July, and 5-6 August 1968 - an inland-waterway listing supporting the 38 CFR 3.307(a)(6)(iii) presumption of Agent Orange herbicide exposure for qualifying crew members.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1968-07-22 to 1968-08-06 (list maintained through at least 2017)
- Population
- Crew members aboard during the listed 1968 Saigon River operations
- Limitations
- Herbicide-exposure administrative listing only - NOT asbestos. Documents that VA has adjudication-grade evidence of this hull's inland-waterway operations on the stated dates. Cited via a verbatim mirror of the VA document (tf116.org PDF); the live VA list page was not directly reachable at access time, but the document text and its VA authorship are corroborated by multiple independent mirrors and by VA adjudication decisions quoting it.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-03
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[5]MARAD Vessel History Database, OKANOGAN (APA-220/LPA-220), Detail 3676; corroborated by NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive page 10/03/03220 (transcribed MARAD naval message) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- MARAD ShipHistory Detail 3676 (milestones, status cards); navsource.org/archives/10/03/03220.htm
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- MARAD record: OKANOGAN (APA-220/LPA-220), built 1944 by Permanente Metals Corporation, MARAD type VC2-S-AP5, length 455 ft, beam 62 ft, fate "Sold - Scrap"; milestones Entry/Acquisition 4/20/1971 (NDRF lay-up, Suisun Bay) and Disposition/Withdrawal 11/19/1979; status-card images held in the record. NavSource's transcribed 3 Oct 1979 MARAD-to-CNO naval message: OKANOGAN, with LOGAN, ROCKINGHAM, and BRONX, "were exchanged on 2 Oct 1979 (pursuant to Section 510(i) Merchant Marine Act of 1936 as amended) for SS SANTA RITA ... and immediately resold to Nissho-Iwai for scrapping in either Taiwan or South Korea" (scrapped by Dong Kuk Steel, South Korea). Decommissioned 5 Feb 1970 at San Diego; title transferred to MARAD 7 Jan 1972; stricken 1 Jun 1973.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1970-02-05 to 1979-11-19
- Population
- NDRF lay-up and disposal-phase workers (1971-1979); scrapping-yard workers, South Korea
- Limitations
- Administrative custody/disposal record only - no asbestos survey, hazmat condition, or abatement information. Decommission/redesignation/strike dates are NVR-derived as compiled by NavSource (secondary transcription); the scrapping-chain detail comes from a quoted naval message in the same transcription. MARAD's "General Type: Training (School)" code is a database categorization inconsistent with APA service and is noted as a data quirk, not asserted.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-04
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[6]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 3 (Jan 1945), APA machinery table (shipscribe.com scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v3 APA machinery table (Haskell-class row data)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era inference: the Haskell class (APA-117 series, USMC type VC2-S-AP5) is a single-screw geared-steam design - one Westinghouse geared turbine, 8,500 shp, two superheated boilers at 465 psi/750F per BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v3 - built 1944-45 at peak asbestos-consumption era. Era-typical applications for this plant and arrangement: boiler and fireroom insulation; steam-line and turbine lagging; valve and flange gaskets; machinery packing; accommodation/joiner insulation for troop berthing; winch and windlass brake linings.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1970
- Population
- Construction trades at Permanente Metals/Kaiser Richmond (1944); engine-room and ship's-force crews (1944-1970)
- Limitations
- Class/design documentation and era inference only - the BuShips table reads on the class/type, not this hull, and does not state asbestos content. Establishes no quantities, no present-day presence, and no exposure for any individual. Boiler manufacturer attribution for this hull conflicts across secondary sources (B&W per BuShips-derived class data; Combustion Engineering header-type per secondary compilations) - carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-05
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[7]GAO, "Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure," HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: a 1975 policy removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified in 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it. Okanogan's entire active career (1944-1970) predates the substitution policy period GAO describes.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level context, not hull- or class-specific; does not establish any material condition aboard APA-220. Full text blocked to automated fetch (HTTP 403) - content via GAO product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-06
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[8]Batch-2294 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS, MARAD Vessel History, health.mil/DoD SHAD fact sheets, National Academies SHAD review, VA ships list, NVR, NARA deck-log catalog, CourtListener API v4 (opinion + docket), NavSource [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-okanogan-apa220-07 through sl-uss-okanogan-apa220-11 (litigation sweep); sl-01, sl-03, sl-05, sl-12 (survey/records repositories)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or asbestos-litigation opinion/docket naming USS Okanogan (APA-220) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion hits for "Okanogan" are Okanogan County, WA name collisions; "USS Okanogan" returned zero opinion hits; the single "APA-220" opinion hit (Martin v. Crabtree, D. Or. 1996) is a habeas corpus citation artifact, not the ship.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 geared-steam hull's era makes original asbestos applications plausible and consistent, but unproven for this hull. County-name collisions under-cover the sweep: filings naming the ship without "USS" or the hull number are indistinguishable from county litigation. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-07
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[9]NARA, U.S. Navy Deck Logs (RG 24, Entry 118); Vietnam-era logs scanned by VA under the Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans Act of 2019 and staged into the National Archives Catalog; MARAD status cards for hull 3676 [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov catalog (RG 24 Entry 118, NAID 581208); vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov Detail 3676 status-card images
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Open archival leads for ship-level documentation: (1) NARA deck logs for Okanogan (APA-220/LPA-220), 1944-1970, retrievable in the Catalog by "Okanogan APA-220 Deck Log" + year - Vietnam-era logs already VA-scanned; deck logs would document yard availabilities, overhaul periods, and the January 1965 SHAD trials; (2) MARAD status-card images in ShipHistory Detail 3676 document the custody record; (3) BuShips/NARA work-package and contracting records for Permanente Metals MCV hull 568 would carry the as-built material schedule.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1979
- Limitations
- Archival leads only - none of these records was retrieved item-level in this pass; deck-log pages may or may not note materials/abatement activity. Not evidence of asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-okanogan-apa220-08