Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
-
[1]research packet 621-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-park-county-lst1077-pkt-621-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, 'Park County' (LST-1077) - full service narrative and spec block; companion entry 'LST-1077' carries the completion of record (transfer, final awards). Both NHHC pages live-verified 2026-10-02. [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Park County' entry narrative + spec block; DANFS 'LST-1077' entry (decommissioning/transfer/awards paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 21 March 1945 by Bethlehem Steel Co. / Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard, Hingham, Mass.; launched without ceremony 18 April 1945; commissioned 8 May 1945, Lt. I. W. Matthews in command (spec block: dp. 4,080; l. 328'; b. 50'; dr. 14'1"; s. 11.6 k.; cpl. 119; a. 8 40mm). Shakedown, then Pacific Fleet via Panama Canal; Pearl Harbor 19 July 1945; Hawaiian operations to 29 August; occupation troops to Japan, Sasebo 22-25 September; Lingayen, P.I. return lift; ordered to west coast 2 January 1946 (San Francisco 11 January; Astoria, Ore. 3 May); decommissioned 31 July 1946, Columbia River Group, Pacific Reserve Fleet. Recommissioned 6 September 1950; Korean War UN operations; decommissioned 12 May 1955 at San Francisco; named Park County (LST-1077) 1 July 1955; Bremerton reserve group; recalled 1965; November 1965 towed Bremerton to Portland, Ore. for 'complete modernization overhaul'; recommissioned 9 April 1966, Landing Ship Squadron 3, homeported Guam. Vietnam service from late August 1966: Operation Duke off Tam Quan Oct 1966; lifts to Cam Ranh Bay, Tuy Hoa, Qui Nhon; Naval Support Activity Da Nang support; Market Time base ship at Vung Tau 4 February - 4 March 1967 (relieved Sutter County (LST-1150); relieved by Pitkin County - DANFS prints 'LST-1062', a slip, Pitkin County was LST-1082); Da Nang-Cua Viet shuttle; Guam overhaul Dec 1968 - Apr 1969; Vietnam operations through 1970-71. Awards: five battle stars Korea; one Meritorious Unit Commendation, two Navy Unit Commendations, and 11 battle stars Vietnam. Final decommissioning and transfer to the Mexican Navy September 1971 as Rio Panuco (IA-1).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1971
- Population
- Crew and embarked troops, 1945-1971; shipyard workers Hingham 1945 and Portland modernization 1965-66
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official history; no asbestos or material content. The 'Park County' entry's narrative ends mid-service ('Into 1970 Park County continues a vital service'); the 'LST-1077' entry supplies the transfer and awards summary. DANFS 'cl. LST-511' spec-block label is an idiosyncratic class tag - the hull is universally classed LST-542 elsewhere. DANFS parenthetical 'Pitkin County (LST-1062)' is a typographical slip (Pitkin County = LST-1082). Does not establish exposure, materials, or eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-01
-
[3]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (January 1945 edition, updated pages) - LST design table and construction roster (shipscribe.com scan, text layer) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v2 LST design table (LST1060-1080 row) and construction roster (LST1077 row)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official BuShips roster line for LST-1077: builder Bethlehem Steel Co., Hingham, Mass.; laid 21 Mar 45; launched 18 Apr 45; commissioned 8 May 45 - identical to DANFS. Design table for block LST1060-1080: 328' oa, 316' pp, 50' beam; 2,366 t light / 4,080 t trial; 33 personnel officers-billet band figure in table; 11.6 kt; machinery '2 G.M. Diesel 12-278A, 1,700 shp'; complement line for the block shows 13 officers / 106 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Construction trades (Bethlehem-Hingham, 1945)
- Limitations
- Authoritative primary machinery/source table. The LST1060-1080 block's GM 12-278A engine assignment conflicts with NavSource's class-generic spec block (GM 12-567A) - BuShips carried for this hull's engine variant; see gaps. No asbestos or material content; supports no exposure claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Park County (LST-1077) ex-USS LST-1077 - per-hull timeline, occupation/campaign tables, disposal, specifications (live fetch via navsource.net 2026-10-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/161077.htm - header timeline, occupation/campaign tables, disposal block, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Per-hull timeline: decommissioned 31 July 1946 Astoria OR (Columbia River Group); recommissioned 6 September 1950; Korean War campaign table (5 campaign periods); decommissioned 12 May 1955 San Francisco (Pacific Reserve Fleet Bremerton); named USS Park County (LST-1077) 1 July 1955; recommissioned 9 April 1966 at Portland OR; Navy Occupation Service Medal periods 8 Sep-1 Oct 1945 and 15 Oct-30 Nov 1945; Vietnam campaign table 1966-1971 across ten campaign-star periods; 'Decommissioned, date unknown'; struck from the Naval Register 15 April 1978; 'Sold under the Security Assistance Act to Mexico, 1 July 1978, renamed ARM Rio Panuco (LST-401)'; final disposition 'sunk as a target by the Mexican navy in 2010.' Call sign NAJM. Specifications block (class-generic): 2 x GM 12-567A diesels 900hp, Falk reduction gear, 2 shafts, 1,700 shp, 11.6 kt trial; complement 13 officers/104 enlisted; troops 16 officers/147 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-2010
- Population
- Crew 1945-1971; Mexican Navy crew 1971-2010; target-sinking 2010
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation - the canonical per-hull reference for this class but not a primary registry. Its spec block is class-generic (12-567A) and conflicts with BuShips SDB-1945 v2's block-specific 12-278A for LST-1060-1080. Its pennant 'LST-401' conflicts with DANFS 'IA-1'; its 'ten campaign stars' conflicts with DANFS '11 battle stars' - see gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-03
-
[5]NAVSEA SEA21 Inactive Ships - 'Ship History' disposition table (28 June 2011 edition) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ship_history_28june2011.pdf, LST section, hull 1077 row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official Navy inactive-ships disposition listing: 'LST 1077 | PARK COUNTY | 20-Sep-71 | FMS' - documents this hull's removal from U.S. custody 20 September 1971 with disposition coded Foreign Military Sales.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1971-1978
- Population
- Mexican Navy crew post-1971 (custody context)
- Limitations
- Confirms the September 1971 operational transfer and an FMS disposition code. NavSource separately dates the Security Assistance Act sale 1 July 1978 and stricken 15 April 1978 - consistent with loan/operational handover in 1971 and formal title sale in 1978, but this table alone does not resolve the loan-vs-sale sequence (see gaps). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-04
-
[6]All Hands (Bureau of Naval Personnel magazine), January 1973, No. 672 - 'Some ships don't die - they are just absorbed by other navies' item (Internet Archive scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- All Hands Jan 1973 (No. 672), decommissioning/transfer notes section, Internet Archive item allhands6726unit
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy magazine item: 'uss Park County (LST 1077), which was turned over to the Mexican navy. The last of the U.S. Navy's WWII-type LSTs, Park County was built in a little more than a month and commissioned in May 1945. She was decommissioned the next year but called back into service during the Korean conflict. She was again placed in mothballs in 1955. Ten years later she was overhauled for duty in Southeast Asia, where she transported troops and their equipment and resupplied bases along the rivers in the Mekong Delta.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1973
- Limitations
- Service-journalism summary in an official Navy publication - corroborates the Mexican transfer, 'last WWII-type LST' status, and the 1965 overhaul; its Mekong-riverine framing compresses a coastal/sealift record documented more precisely by DANFS. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-05
-
[7]US LST Association, 'USS Park County 1077 Photos Album' - member-submitted photo captions (association archive site) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uslst.org photo album, captions for February/April 1966 overhaul images and recommissioning series
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Photo captions locate this hull's 1965-66 'complete modernization overhaul' at a named yard: 'USS Park County during modernization overhaul for service in Vietnam, February, 1966 at Willamette Iron and Steel Company, Portland, OR' and a companion April 1966 caption at the same yard, plus a floating-drydock image prior to recommissioning and a Portland recommissioning-ceremony series (Capt. John Dobrosky assuming command; Mrs. Katie Brown of Cody/Park County, Wyoming as 'ship mother').
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1965-1966
- Population
- Willamette Iron and Steel Company yard trades, Nov 1965-Apr 1966 (if caption attribution holds); recommissioning crew
- Limitations
- Veterans'-association member-submitted captions - not an official work record; yard identification rests on caption text alone and no contract or DANFS-level confirmation names Willamette Iron and Steel Company (DANFS says only 'Portland, Ore.'). One caption dates the recommissioning 'April 6, 1965' - inconsistent with DANFS/NavSource 9 April 1966, a probable caption year typo (see gaps). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-06
-
[8]Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library oral history: Interview with Keith Larson, VRK-A-L-2010-017.01, Interview #1, 12 April 2010, interviewer Mark DePue (full transcript PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Larson_Kei_4FNL.pdf, ALPL interview VRK-A-L-2010-017.01, pp. ~12 (Waccamaw gun-station passage), ~33-37 (reactivation, Wonsan, engine-room duty)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Eyewitness crew account for this hull's Korean-War era: Larson served aboard LST-1077 (his on-ship sign reads 'USS LST1077, Wonsan, Korea, super service station. Twenty-four hours daily open. No flats fixed.'; he confirms 'the 1077 became Park County'). He documents the 1950 reactivation out of the Columbia River reserve fleet - 'deep vacuum' sealed-hatch mothball preservation with fiberglass bubbles over the gun tubs, engines 'in excellent condition' - a hull-inspection drydocking at Bremerton, his charge of the auxiliary engine room (three diesel-driven generators), a generator crankcase explosion en route to the States and subsequent drydock at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, and refugee/POW lifts to Koje-do.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1950-1955 (events narrated); interview 2010
- Population
- LST-1077 crew, Korean War era (1950-1955); embarked refugees/POWs (Koje-do lifts)
- Limitations
- Oral-history recollection (2010 interview of events ~1950-52) - narrative detail, not a work or materials record; the transcript's own footnotes reproduce Wikipedia's erroneous '21 March 1944' laid-down date (see correction row). IMPORTANT SCOPING: the transcript's only asbestos passage - issue of 'this asbestos vest with a chin flap, asbestos gloves up past the elbows' for hot-shell duty on a three-inch deck gun - is narrated inside his earlier USS Waccamaw (AO-109) North Atlantic service, not aboard this hull; LST-542-class armament carried 40mm/20mm guns, not a 3-inch gun. It is not asbestos evidence for LST-1077.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-07
-
[9]Lineaweaver v. Plant Insulation Co., 31 Cal. App. 4th 1409, 37 Cal. Rptr. 2d 902 (1995) (Justia mirror; live-verified 2026-10-02) [court_record]
- Locator
- 31 Cal. App. 4th 1409, Statement of Facts (King/Willamette passages, p. 1414) and Discussion F (disposition: King's nonsuit affirmed)
- Finding type
- litigation_product_id
- Finding
- Published appellate opinion documenting asbestos-insulation work at this hull's 1965-66 overhaul yard: appellant King 'worked periodically at Willamette Shipyard (Willamette) from 1966 to 1968' as a laborer who 'swept and removed insulation debris from the shipyards and aboard ships during repairs' and 'occasionally removed old insulation'; the opinion records that 'Pabco was used only as "fill-in" at Willamette in the 1960's and 1970's.' This window overlaps LST-1077's documented November 1965 - April 1966 modernization at Willamette Iron and Steel Company, Portland, OR.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1965-1971 (exposure window discussed); opinion 1995
- Population
- Shipyard laborers/insulators, Willamette yard, 1966-1968 (opinion's window)
- Limitations
- Yard-level litigation record, not a hull record: the opinion does not name LST-1077 and its 'Willamette Shipyard' reference carries no corporate name or state - the Atlas yard dataset's identification of it as Willamette Iron & Steel Corporation, Portland OR is itself flagged an inference (yard record verification_status disputed). Litigation-stage discipline: King's exposure claim against Plant FAILED - the court affirmed nonsuit as to King ('the evidence is wholly inadequate to support the conclusion that King was exposed to Pabco'); this is a merits-level negative for that plaintiff documenting product presence at the yard, not exposure aboard any ship or this crew.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-08
-
[10]Era inference built on: BuShips SDB-1945 v2 machinery table (LST1060-1080: 2x GM 12-278A diesels, no boilers); DANFS spec block; NavSource specifications; Atlas class profile lst-1-class (class-f worktree); GAO HRD-80-2 program context (ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v2 LST1060-1080 machinery row; class profile class-f/lst-1-class.class.json (background); NavSource spec block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A diesel-powered tank landing ship built March-May 1945 carries no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. Era-standard asbestos-relevant applications aboard a 1945 diesel amphibious ship were: diesel engine and exhaust lagging, engine-room thermal and acoustic insulation, machinery gaskets and valve packing, deck coverings/tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, and winch/crane brake linings. The 1965-66 'complete modernization overhaul' at Portland added interior rework scope typical of reactivation jobs.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-2010
- Population
- Construction trades (Bethlehem-Hingham 1945); crew 1945-71; overhaul trades (Portland 1965-66); Mexican Navy crew 1971-2010
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, or work package located for LST-1077. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no present-day presence (hull sunk as target 2010), no individual exposure or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-09
-
[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1945) and entire U.S. service era including the 1965-66 reactivation overhaul.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch, confirmed 2026-10-02) - content via product-page description, consistent with prior-batch treatment.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-10
-
[12]Batch-6565 search ledger (this record): DANFS (two live entries); BuShips SDB-1945 v2; NavSource; NAVSEA ship_history PDF; All Hands Jan 1973; NARA catalog RG 24 deck logs; US LST Association archive; ALPL Larson oral history; Lineaweaver opinion; MARAD Vessel History DB; NVR; CourtListener; secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-park-county-lst1077-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming LST-1077 / USS Park County was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion-index searches for "LST-1077" and "USS Park County" each returned zero results (authenticated, 2026-10-02); docket-index and name-variant queries ('Park County' asbestos, 'Rio Panuco') were fleet-paced all session and remain unrun - see search_ledger. Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing material (mesotheliomasymptoms.com and similar) asserting asbestos without primary sourcing - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - she spent her 1965-66 modernization at a yard with litigation-documented asbestos-insulation use in the same window, and the hull's sinking as a target (2010) forecloses survey. Deck logs (NARA RG 24, digitized) and any 1965-66 yard work packages remain open leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-11
-
[13]Source-defect cross-check: Wikipedia 'USS Park County' article (secondary); ALPL Larson transcript footnotes; DANFS 'Pitkin County (LST-1062)' parenthetical [other_primary]
- Locator
- Wikipedia USS_Park_County body vs infobox; Larson_Kei_4FNL.pdf footnote 4; DANFS park-county.html relief sentence
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: Wikipedia's article body states 'LST-1077 was laid down on 21 March 1944' - contradicting its own infobox (21 March 1945) and every primary source (DANFS, BuShips SDB-1945 roster, NavSource all: 21 March 1945). The ALPL Larson transcript's footnotes repeat the '1944' error via the same Wikipedia article (accessed Feb 2014). Separately, DANFS's Park County entry prints 'Pitkin County (LST-1062)' for the 4 March 1967 Market Time relief - Pitkin County was LST-1082; the parenthetical is a DANFS typographical slip.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945 (datum); publications 2014-present
- Limitations
- Corrects circulating transcription errors, not material claims. Wikipedia is used only as a defect-check surface; no Wikipedia text is cited as a record source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-park-county-lst1077-12