Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 880-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-pc-1233-pc1233-pkt-880-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, PC-1233 (12/011233.htm) - milestone timeline, specifications, battle star, photo captions; explicitly notes 'There is no DANFS History currently available for PC-1233' [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011233.htm header block, specifications block, photo captions (80-G-255747, 80-G-255749)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: PC-461-class submarine chaser; laid down 21 September 1942 by the Sullivan Dry Dock and Repair Co., Brooklyn, NY; launched 11 January 1943; commissioned USS PC-1233, 24 September 1943; assigned to the European theater during World War II and participated in the Normandy invasion; placed in service in August 1946 as a Naval Reserve training vessel assigned to the 3rd Naval District (New York); placed out of service 20 September 1946, transferred to the Republic of China and named Kung Kiang (PC 113); decommissioned 16 December 1970 and struck from the Navy Register; fate unknown; earned one battle star for WWII service. Specifications: 280 t. light / 450 t. full load; length 173'8"; beam 23'; draft 10'10"; speed 20.2 kts; complement 65; armament one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, one 40mm mount, two 20mm guns, four depth charge projectors, two depth charge tracks; propulsion two 1,440 bhp Fairbanks Morse 38D8-1/8 diesel engines (serial nos. 833291 and 833292), Westinghouse single reduction gear, two shafts. NavSource call sign Nan-Charlie-Love-Able. Photo captions place her nested outboard of USS Leyden (IX-167) and USS Southland (IX-168) at Cherbourg, France, 11 August 1944 (National Archives photos 80-G-255747 and 80-G-255749).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1970
- Population
- Sullivan yard construction trades (1942-43); USN crew 1943-46 (design complement 65); ROC crew as Kung Kiang to 1970
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track official records and the construction/delivery dates here are corroborated by the builder's production list (ev-05). Contains no asbestos content. The transfer-to-ROC clause rides on the 'placed out of service 20 September 1946' line without its own date; ROC-side records and the builder list place the actual transfer in 1954 - carried in gaps. The single-listed commanding officer (LTJG William Clark King, USN, USNA class of 1949) cannot have commanded the wartime ship and is likely a postwar reserve-period entry - unverified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-01
-
[3]NARA, NAID 192146934: 'PC-1233, 9/24/43-10/16/46' - RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel), series Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities; 220 images digitized (microfilm roll 6004; images via Ancestry partnership) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 192146934, file unit 'PC-1233, 9/24/43-10/16/46' (220 images)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Quarterly muster rolls for this hull span commissioning (24 September 1943) through 16 October 1946 - the crew-population record for the vessel's active USN career including the Normandy period. Muster rolls name every officer and enlisted man aboard by reporting date, the authoritative population roster for any individual service/exposure claim tied to this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- All hands aboard PC-1233, 1943-09-24 to 1946-10-16 (design complement 65)
- Limitations
- Archival lead: the rolls document who was aboard, not what materials were aboard or what any individual was exposed to. Rolls end 10/16/46, consistent with disposal processing after the 20 September 1946 out-of-service date; they do not by themselves fix the foreign-transfer year. Images digitized but not page-read for this record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-02
-
[4]Annex 'L' to Operation Plan No. 2-44 (ONWEST TWO), serial 00144 - Western Naval Task Force communications annex for the Normandy invasion; Table II voice call signs (verbatim HyperWar/ibiblio reproduction of the primary document) [other_primary]
- Locator
- OpPlan 2-44 Annex L, Appendix 2 'Delivery Groups and Call Signs', Table II - row '8B6 | PC 1233' (and index line 'PC 1233 | 8B6')
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- PC 1233 appears by name in the Normandy invasion operation plan: Annex L, 'Voice Call Signs for use on voice circuits within the Western Task Force' (Table II), assigns PC 1233 call sign 8B6 - placing this hull on the Western Naval Task Force (TF 122, the US force covering the Omaha and Utah assault areas) communications net for Operation Neptune alongside assault transports, minecraft, and escorts. Sister PC 1232 carried call sign 8B3 in the same table.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944 (plan issued for Operation Neptune, June 1944)
- Population
- Western Task Force assault force, June 1944
- Limitations
- Primary operational planning document reproduced on HyperWar - establishes plan-level assignment of this hull to the invasion force, not materials or asbestos content. Sheets 1-3 of the Annex were missing from the source document per the HyperWar editor; the call-sign table survives complete.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-03
-
[5]NARA, NAID 301576081: 'Individual Ships (USS Menard) THRU Individual Ships (USS PC 1263)' - RG 38 (Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations), series World War II War Diary Index (created by ONL/Office of Naval Records and Library); 1,168 images digitized [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 301576081, file-unit title 'Individual Ships (USS Menard) THRU Individual Ships (USS PC 1263)'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- This hull falls inside the digitized index-card file covering individual ships USS Menard through USS PC 1263: the WWII War Diary Index cards point to where a vessel's war diaries and action reports sit in RG 38. PC-1233's own operational reports are not located in digitized form in the NARA catalog - the index card in this file unit is the finding aid to the non-digitized holdings. Sister PC-1232's Normandy action report IS digitized (NAID 78556528), showing such reports exist for the class in this series.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (index coverage)
- Population
- PC-1233 crew 1943-46 (operational reporting population)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the card file was not page-read (1,168 images); whether a PC-1233 action report exists and where is unverified until the card is located. Establishes nothing about materials or asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-04
-
[6]Shipbuilding History, 'Sullivan Dry Dock, Brooklyn NY' - yard history and WWII production list (Tim Colton compilation; live njscuba.net mirror returns HTTP 500 to curl, retrieved via firecrawl) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Sullivan yard page, yard-history paragraph + production table row 'PC-1233'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder documentation for this hull: Fred Sullivan leased the repair yard at the head of Brooklyn's Tebo Yacht Basin (foot of 22nd, 23rd and 24th Streets) from Todd Shipyards in 1937, renamed it Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co., converted it to new construction, and it closed in 1947. The production list records fifteen PC-461-class subchasers built for the US Navy (plus smaller craft); the PC-1233 row reads 280 LDT / 174 ft, delivered 24 September 1943, 'to Taiwan 1954 as Kung Kiang (PC-113)' - corroborating the NavSource timeline except on transfer year, where the builder list gives 1954 against NavSource's compressed 1946 line (see gaps).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1937-1947 (yard operation); 1942-43 (this hull's build)
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co. construction trades, 1942-43
- Limitations
- Secondary yard-history compilation - corroborates builder identity, delivery date, transfer year (1954) and ROC identity; contains no asbestos, materials, or workforce-hygiene content. The yard is absent from the Atlas shipyards.json dataset (carried in gaps; verified absent in sibling batch-7728's check of the same dataset for this same yard).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-05
-
[7]ROC Navy patrol-craft receipt documentation: jendow.com.tw compilation of ROC naval history (Prof. Ying Shaoshun's PC/PG/SC ship histories, NTU homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~yingshao/); uboat.net Allied Warships PC-1233 page; oceania.pbworks 'Chinese Small Combattants' list [other_primary]
- Locator
- jendow.com.tw PGM/PC article (1954 receipt-group paragraph, numbered list '113 貢江'); homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~yingshao/pcall.htm (江-class list, PC113 貢江軍艦); homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~yingshao/pc114.htm (sister-ship 15 June 1954 handover date); uboat.net/allies/warships/8760.html; oceania.pbworks.com Chinese Small Combattants row 'KUNG KIANG (113)'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- ROC service identification of this hull: renamed Kung Kiang (貢江軍艦), pennant PC-113. The ROC receipt record places PC-113 in the 1954 transfer batch: per the Chinese naval-history compilation, the Nationalist Navy received ten US patrol craft in 1954 - eight at Charleston ('Hsiang Chiang, Tzu Chiang, Kung Chiang, P'o Chiang, Ch'ang Chiang, Ch'ing Chiang, Chu Chiang, Chang Chiang'), one at New York ('Yuan Chiang'), one at Seattle ('Li Chiang') - numbered in the 108-118 block. Sister 鄱江 P'o Chiang (PC-114, ex-PC-1254) is independently dated to a 15 June 1954 handover on the NTU ROC naval-history page. uboat.net gives PC-1233 'end service 26 July 1954 / transferred to Taiwan in 1954'. Kung Kiang was decommissioned 16 December 1970 and struck; subsequent fate is not documented.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1946/1954 to 1970-12-16
- Population
- ROC Navy crew of Kung Kiang (PC-113), 1954-1970
- Limitations
- Engagement/receipt detail is secondary-sourced: the Chinese compilation and NTU pages quote ROC naval records (Prof. Ying Shaoshun's 'Sea Dogs' ship histories) but are volunteer-compiled mirrors; uboat.net and oceania.pbworks are secondary. The 1954 placement is multiply corroborated (builder list, ROC numbering block, uboat.net) against NavSource's compressed 1946 line and oceania's '46/48' note - treated as probable, not adjudicated; conflict carried in gaps. No asbestos content. 'Decommissioned 16 December 1970 and struck from the Navy Register' per NavSource likely refers to the ROC naval list; the US Navy List striking date is not located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-06
-
[8]Fishgold v. Sullivan Drydock & Repair Corp., 328 U.S. 275 (1946) (official U.S. Reports PDF via govinfo.gov); Oceanic Insul-Lite Corp. v. Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Corp., 191 Misc. 354 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1947) (reporter citation only - located mirror is a blocklisted aggregator) [court_record]
- Locator
- 328 U.S. 275 (facts section - petitioner's employment history); 191 Misc. 354 (pleadings recital)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Builder-yard litigation context - NEITHER case is asbestos litigation; both classify as 'other litigation': (a) Fishgold v. Sullivan Drydock & Repair Corp., 328 U.S. 275 (1946), the Supreme Court's veteran-reemployment seniority decision, places a welder employed at this yard from 1942, inducted into the Army 1943, and reemployed as a welder 25 August 1944 - documenting welding trades at this builder during this hull's construction window. (b) Oceanic Insul-Lite Corp. v. Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Corp., 191 Misc. 354 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1947), a contract dispute over $5,818.75 claimed due for 'work, labor and services performed, and materials furnished for the repair and conversion of a certain steamship' - documents an insulation contractor performing ship work for this yard in the era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co. trades, 1942-47 (welders, insulation subcontractor)
- Limitations
- Yard-level context only: neither case mentions asbestos, and neither vessel in the Oceanic dispute is identified. An insulation contractor's presence evidences insulation trades at the yard, not asbestos content aboard this hull. Fishgold is an official U.S. Reports citation; Oceanic is cited by reporter only - the located online mirror (hallapproved.com) is a blocklisted aggregator per batch citation rules. No exposure finding of any kind.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-07
-
[9]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (twin Fairbanks Morse 38D8-1/8 diesels, two shafts - no steam plant); NavSource PC-class index (362 WWII-built 173-foot steel diesel patrol craft); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation (see ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block (PC-1233 page); NavSource submarine-chaser index (12/01idx.htm); GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled twin-diesel patrol craft built 1942-43 at a Brooklyn commercial yard sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were machinery and diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and interior thermal/acoustic insulation in small enclosed spaces. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1970
- Population
- Sullivan yard construction trades (1942-43); USN crew 1943-46; ROC crew 1954-70
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for PC-1233. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979; publicly released Oct 22, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed Navy efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure (fieldwork at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards), covering 'the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs for asbestos-related disabilities.' The Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for necessary repairs, modified in 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - confirming extensive asbestos insulation use aboard Navy ships through the era spanning this hull's construction and USN service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979 (review); Navy policy era 1975-79
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Fieldwork yards were naval shipyards, not this hull's commercial builder. Content via the live product-page highlights (verified 2026-10-03 via firecrawl; direct curl to gao.gov returns 403 to automated fetch).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-09
-
[11]Batch-7729 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (404/no entry); NavSource; NARA catalog (muster rolls NAID 192146934 + war-diary index NAID 301576081); HyperWar OpPlan 2-44 Annex L; Shipbuilding History Sullivan yard; NVR; ROC receipt documentation; Patrol Craft Sailors Association site; secondary web litigation sweep; CourtListener API v4 (see sl-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-01 through -10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS PC-1233 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener searched: hull-number base queries completed - "PC-1233" opinions returned 0 results; "PC-1233" dockets returned 7 results, all non-vessel token collisions (bankruptcy, civil-rights, employment, condo cases; match strings like street address '12338 Palm Beach Blvd'), none asbestos and none naming the vessel. The two exact-name base queries ("USS PC-1233") were repeatedly attempted but fleet-pacing-blocked; they are strict subsets of the completed hull-number queries and are provably empty (a document containing 'USS PC-1233' necessarily contains 'PC-1233' and would appear among the completed superset results). No DANFS entry exists for this hull (NavSource so notes; NHHC URL 404). Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm marketing claims naming this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. CourtListener coverage: hull-number superset queries completed (opinions 0, dockets 7 collisions); exact-name subset queries not run to completion - covered by superset logic, rerun on a quota window if strict one-call-per-base-query accounting is required. Post-disposal fate is undocumented - no scrapping/disposal hazmat pathway exists in the record for this hull. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1233-pc1233-10