Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet 879-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (thin
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- qualifier: VERIFIED (thin
- Evidence ID
- uss-pc-1235-pc1235-pkt-879-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, PC-1235 page (identity, build, specifications, PC-558/U-230 event, French transfer, disposal) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011235.htm header narrative and specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 12 December 1942 by Sullivan Dry Dock and Repair Co., Brooklyn, NY; launched 3 April 1943; commissioned USS PC-1235, 28 July 1943; 'In company with PC-558 when she was torpedoed and sunk by the U-230 north of Salerno, Sicily. PC-1235 attacked U-230, drove her away and returned to rescue thirty survivors'; decommissioned 26 October 1945, transferred to France and named Hussard (W 81); reclassified P-624 and A-624; decommissioned 30 October 1965, struck from the Navy Register and scrapped. Spec block: displacement 280 t. light / 450 t. full; length 173'8"; beam 23'; draft 10'10"; speed 20.2 kts.; complement 65; armament one 3"/50 DP mount, one 40mm mount, three 20mm guns, two rocket launchers, four depth charge projectors, two depth charge tracks; propulsion two 1,440-bhp Fairbanks Morse 38D8-1/8 diesels, Westinghouse single-reduction gear, two shafts. Page states: 'There is no DANFS history currently available for PC-1235.' Page live-verified 2026-10-03.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1965
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1942-43); wartime crew (design complement 65); French Navy crew (1944/45-1965)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track NVR/DANFS but the transfer year conflicts with other compilations (uboat.net, shipbuildinghistory, Jane's and French lists give 1944 - see ev-05 and gaps), and its sinking location ('north of Salerno, Sicily') is internally inconsistent (Salerno is mainland Italy; NHHC says north of Palermo - see ev-02). Contains no asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-01
-
[3]NHHC, 'Casualties Navy and Coast Guard Ships' list (PC-558 entry) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC casualties list, WWII section, PC-558 line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy corroboration of the event NavSource attributes to this hull's service: 'USS PC-558 sunk after being torpedoed by German submarine U-230 north of Palermo, Italy, 9 May 1944.' The NHHC entry names PC-558 and U-230 but not PC-1235; PC-1235's role (driving off U-230, rescuing survivors) is NavSource-sourced.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-05-09
- Population
- PC-558 crew (sunk, 9 May 1944); PC-1235 crew (rescue vessel, per NavSource)
- Limitations
- NHHC documents the sinking of PC-558, the event in which this hull participated per NavSource - it does not name PC-1235, and it places the sinking 'north of Palermo, Italy' where NavSource reads 'north of Salerno, Sicily' (Salerno is on the mainland; Palermo is the Sicilian port). Location conflict carried in gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-02
-
[4]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton), Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co., Brooklyn NY yard table (build list incl. PC 1235) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com Sullivan yard table, PC 1235 row; yard-history paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder-table record for this hull: 'PC 1235 | US Navy | Sub Chaser | 280 | 174 | 28-Jul-43 | To Free French 1944 as Hussard (W 81)' - delivery/commissioning 28 July 1943 agrees with NavSource, and the transfer is dated 1944, not 1945. Yard history: Fred Sullivan leased the repair yard at the head of Brooklyn's Tebo Yacht Basin (foot of 22nd, 23rd and 24th Streets) from Todd Shipyards in 1937, renamed it Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co., Inc., converted it to new construction, and it closed in 1947. Sullivan also built PCs 488, 489, 552-555, 1167-1170, 1231-1236 and later hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1943 (build); 1944 (transfer, per this source)
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1942-43)
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary compilation (shipbuilding-history reference), not a primary registry; its 1944 transfer date conflicts with NavSource's 26 October 1945 - conflict documented in ev-05/gaps, unresolved. No asbestos or material content; yard-level asbestos documentation for Sullivan Dry Dock not located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-03
-
[5]Jane's Fighting Ships 1961-62, France 'Escorteurs/Patrouilleurs' section - Ex-U.S. PC Type 'Carabinier' class entry covering DAGUE (ex-PC 1561) and HUSSARD (ex-PC 1235); corroborated by 1962-63 edition [other_primary]
- Locator
- Jane's 1961-62, France section, '2 Ex-U.S. PC Type. Carabinier Class' entry (DAGUE/HUSSARD); digitized full text, archive.org item JanesFightingShips196162; identical entry in JanesFightingShips196263
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Contemporary published record of this hull's French career: 'HUSSARD (ex-PC 1235)', displacement 325 tons standard (400 full load); 2 General Motors diesels, 2 shafts, 3,600 bhp = 20 kts; complement 63. 'Of steel construction. Hussard was launched on 3 Apr. 1943... Formerly rated as Escorteurs, but re-rated as Patrouilleurs in 1951. ...30 others were acquired from U.S.N. in 1944. Hussard, which was fitted for torpedo tube training aft... was classed as a tender with the auxiliary pennant number A 624.' Reclassification note: 'It was officially stated in May 1961 that Dague and Hussard have been re-rated as experimental vessels used for torpedo acceptance trials. They are no longer combatant vessels.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1965 (entry coverage)
- Population
- French Navy crew (1944/45-1965); torpedo-trials personnel (1950s-61); French disposal/scrapping trades (1965)
- Limitations
- Jane's is a reputable published reference quoting official French Navy statements, but its class note ('30 others acquired from U.S.N. in 1944') does not itemize Hussard's individual transfer date - it supports but does not prove a 1944 transfer; the 1945 alternative (NavSource/en.wiki lists) is unresolved in ev-05/gaps. Jane's '2 General Motors diesels / 3,600 bhp' conflicts with NavSource's Fairbanks Morse / 2,880 bhp - possibly re-engining or generic class data. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-04
-
[6]Date-conflict documentation: NavSource (26 Oct 1945); uboat.net allied-warships entry 8762 (commissioned 30 Sep 1943, 'Decommissioned on 26 October 1944 and transfered to France being renamed Hussard', CO table ending 26 Oct 1944); shipbuildinghistory.com ('To Free French 1944'); Jane's 1961-62 class note ('30 others were acquired from U.S.N. in 1944'); French lists split (fr.wiki 'Liste des anciens navires' 26 juillet 1944 vs fr.wiki 'Classe PC-461' postwar group 1945-1965; en.wiki/postenavalemilitaire 1945-1965) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011235.htm; uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/8762.html; shipbuildinghistory.com Sullivan table; Jane's 1961-62 class note; fr.wikipedia 'Liste des anciens navires de la Marine nationale depuis 1945' and 'Classe PC-461'; en.wikipedia 'List of escorteurs of France'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- UNRESOLVED DATE CONFLICT on the U.S. decommissioning/French transfer: NavSource reads 'Decommissioned 26 October 1945, transfered to France'; uboat.net reads 'Decommissioned on 26 October 1944 and transfered to France being renamed Hussard' (same day/month, divergent year); shipbuildinghistory.com reads 'To Free French 1944'; Jane's 1961-62 states '30 others were acquired from U.S.N. in 1944' for this ex-US PC class; French-language lists split between a 26 July 1944 French-service start and a postwar (1945) grouping. The wartime W-81 pennant and the 1944 wave of Free French PC transfers (P620-P625 sisters all transferred June-November 1944) support 1944; NavSource and the English/French Wikipedia service-date lists support 1945. This record carries NavSource's 1945-10-26 in the decommissioned field and documents the conflict rather than silently resolving it.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Limitations
- Unresolved - sources split roughly evenly and none of the consulted public sources is a primary transfer document. uboat.net's PC-1235 row itself carries a demonstrable error (commissioned 30 Sep 1943 vs 28 Jul 1943). The W-81 wartime pennant suggests but does not prove wartime transfer; postwar retentions occurred. NARA RG 38 war diaries / BuShips transfer records are the primary-document lead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource PC-461-class spec block (diesel propulsion, steel hull, 1942-43 construction); shipbuildinghistory.com Sullivan yard record; GAO HRD-80-2 program context (ev-07) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011235.htm specifications block; shipbuildinghistory.com Sullivan table; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled diesel submarine chaser built December 1942-July 1943 at a small Brooklyn repair yard sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era (GAO HRD-80-2 program context). Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this type and period were thermal insulation around diesel engines and exhaust runs, gaskets, valve and flange packing, electrical insulation, and era-typical deck covering and fireproofing materials. As a diesel craft she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply, and she carried no aft-of-magazine steam auxiliaries of the kind documented on larger combatants.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1965
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1942-43); USN crew (1943-45); French Navy crew (1944/45-1965); scrapping trades (post-1965)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, builder spec sheet, or work package located for PC-1235. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. Small-craft material schedules differed from large combatants; inference confidence is lower than for steam-powered vessels.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published Oct 18, 1979; publicly released Oct 22, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed 'the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure,' including 'the use of asbestos in Navy ships' and 'the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships'; the Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only damaged insulation or insulation that had to be removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas. Documents that shipboard asbestos insulation was a service-wide reality managed as a removal/replacement program - program-level context for the era in which this hull was built and served.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1975-1979 (policies reviewed); hull construction era 1942-43
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program review subjects)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; fieldwork was at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - not this hull's builder or any PC-461 hull. Does not name PC-1235 or any patrol craft and establishes nothing hull-specific. The 1975/79 policies postdate this hull's U.S. service; relevance is era context only. Live product page verified via Firecrawl 2026-10-03; gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to plain curl (automated-fetch block), so content is the product-page Highlights text, not the 26-page PDF.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-07
-
[9]Batch-7731 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS lookup (no entry); NavSource PC-1235 and PC-558 pages; NHHC casualties list; shipbuildinghistory.com Sullivan yard table; Jane's Fighting Ships 1961-62/1962-63 full texts; French-service lists (fr.wiki, en.wiki, postenavalemilitaire, seaforces, uboat.net); CourtListener four base queries plus one overflow-authorized asbestos variant - all completed 2026-10-03 (see ledger rows sl-09 through sl-13); web asbestos/litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum/registry material record, or qualifying litigation naming USS PC-1235 (or Hussard) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero opinions and zero dockets for 'USS PC-1235' and 'PC-1235' opinion indexes; the 'PC-1235' docket index returned 21 hits, all classified name collisions (professional-corporation 'PC' tokens plus '1235' numeric co-occurrence in unrelated bankruptcy/criminal matters), and the overflow-authorized 'PC-1235 asbestos' variant returned two further collisions, neither naming the vessel. No DANFS entry exists for this hull (stated on the NavSource page and confirmed by 404 at history.navy.mil). Web sweeps for 'PC-1235' with asbestos/mesothelioma terms returned only name collisions, not qualifying content.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1942-43 Navy construction of any type is era-consistent with asbestos use, and this inference is separately recorded. Does not establish that asbestos is or was present, individual exposure, quantity, or legal eligibility. NARA deck logs, builder records, and scrapping records are undigitized leads.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-1235-pc1235-08