Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 895-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-pc-480-pc480-pkt-895-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online, Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, PC-480 (live URL verified 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PC-480 hull page, chronology and specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource's PC-480 hull page identifies this vessel as a PC-461-class submarine chaser: laid down in 1941 by the Defoe Shipbuilding Co., Bay City, Michigan; launched 25 October 1941; commissioned USS PC-480 on 7 April 1942; assigned to the European theater of operations during World War II; decommissioned 21 July 1944 and transferred to France at Casablanca, Morocco as L'Emporté (W 43); struck from the Navy Register 21 July 1960; fate unknown. Its specification block lists displacement 450 tons, length 173'8", beam 23', draft 10'10", speed 20.2 knots, complement 65, armament of one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, one 40 mm mount, three 20 mm guns, two rocket launchers, four depth-charge projectors and two depth-charge tracks, and propulsion by two 2,880-bhp General Motors 16-258S diesel engines (serial nos. 6335 and 6336) with Farrel-Birmingham single-reduction gear on two shafts. The page states that no DANFS history is currently available for PC-480.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1960
- Population
- Defoe Shipbuilding construction trades (1941-42); U.S. Navy crew (1942-44); French crew (1944 onward)
- Limitations
- NavSource is an archival compilation, not a Navy registry; it documents identity, dates, and specifications but not asbestos, material content, individual exposure, abatement, or litigation. Its laid-down year (1941) and launch date (25 October 1941) conflict with uboat.net (22 January / 25 March 1942) - carried unresolved in gaps. Complement 65 is not verified against an official Navy source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-01
-
[3]uboat.net, Allied Warships of WWII, USS PC-480 (PC-480), ship page 8502 (live URL verified 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PC-480 ship page, data block, commands table, and notable-events convoy sections
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net's Allied Warships of WWII entry for PC-480 records the hull as a Defoe Shipbuilding Co. (Bay City, Michigan) PC-461-class patrol craft: ordered 26 December 1940, laid down 22 January 1942, launched 25 March 1942, commissioned 7 April 1942, ending U.S. service 21 July 1944 on transfer to France and renaming L'Emporté. It lists wartime commanding officers Lt.(jg) Lewis G. Salomon USNR (7 April 1942 - 16 June 1943), Lt.(jg) Frank W. Meyers, Jr. USNR (16 June 1943 - early 1944), and Lt.(jg) John K. Miller USNR (early 1944 - 21 July 1944), and a convoy-escort record June 1943 - May 1944 in which PC-480, operating principally out of Casablanca, escorted or met convoys including OS 49/KMS 16G, SL 132, OS 52/KMS 21G, SL 134, GUS 21, SL 141, SL 142, GUS 24, OS 65/KMS 39, GUS 31, OS 70/KMS 44, SL 152, UGS 36, GUS 35, GUS 36, UGS 40, and OS 75/KMS 49, frequently alongside sister patrol craft PC-471 through PC-475 and PC-481/PC-482.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- PC-480 crew during documented convoy-escort operations
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a compiled secondary source built from published convoy and war-diary records (its pages cite sources such as ADM 199/324 and the COMTASKFOR 64 war diary); underlying primary records were not retrieved. Its laid-down and launch dates conflict with NavSource - carried unresolved in gaps. It does not document asbestos, material content, exposure, or litigation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-02
-
[4]National Archives, Ship Plan Index, PC-480 entries (RG 19; live page verified 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ship Plan Index rows: PC-480 | RG 19 | Hull series of Ship Engineering Drawings | 153715672; PC-480 | RG 19 | Microfilm | 175665926
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's Ship Plan Index lists PC-480 in Record Group 19 under the Hull series of Ship Engineering Drawings (National Archives Identifier 153715672) and under Microfilm (National Archives Identifier 175665926). These are hull-specific engineering-record leads.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- construction-era engineering records; index accessed 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- The index establishes the existence and identifiers of holdings, not their contents. Drawings and microfilm were not retrieved or reviewed, so this does not establish that any asbestos-containing material was specified or installed aboard the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-03
-
[5]National Archives, Special List No. 44, by Ship Numbers (PC-480 logbook entry) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List No. 44, PC-480 row (PC-471 through PC-486 table)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List No. 44 includes PC-480 in the Navy deck-log holdings, with listed coverage 1 May 1942 through 21 June 1944 - a window matching the hull's U.S. Navy service up to just before the 21 July 1944 transfer at Casablanca.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-05-01 to 1944-06-21
- Population
- PC-480 crew during listed deck-log coverage
- Limitations
- The list is a finding aid, not the logs themselves. It does not state the vessel's materials, asbestos condition, exposure, or litigation status; the logbooks remain a ship-specific operational-record lead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-04
-
[6]National Archives, Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Beginning Research; Bureau of Ships correspondence; Cartographic Branch RG 19 ship engineering drawings and General Information Books sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's research guide for asbestos aboard U.S. naval vessels through 1961 directs researchers to Record Group 19 ship engineering drawings (including S39 insulation and lagging and S48 piping), General Information Books, and Bureau of Ships general/confidential/secret correspondence arranged by hull designation and by private-builder (QM) file, while expressly cautioning that the identified record series do not by themselves provide direct evidence of asbestos. The guide identifies ship-specific drawings, correspondence files, and General Information Books as archival leads for a vessel such as PC-480.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1961 records context
- Population
- Researchers and Navy-vessel personnel records
- Limitations
- This is research guidance, not a PC-480 record. The referenced drawings, books, and correspondence were not retrieved in this batch, so this row establishes only an archival path and does not establish asbestos presence or exposure aboard the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-05
-
[7]U.S. General Accounting Office, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (18 October 1979; product page direct access returned HTTP 403 on 2026-10-03) [gao]
- Locator
- HRD-80-2, shipboard asbestos applications discussion (p. 1 and related program discussion)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- GAO HRD-80-2 describes Navy shipboard asbestos applications at program level: thermal insulation for machinery, equipment, and piping was the major application, with additional uses in electrical equipment, deck tile, piping-system gaskets and packing, and equipment brakes. PC-480's 1941-42 construction and 1942-44 U.S. Navy service fall within that historical Navy shipbuilding era.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1979 context; report published 1979
- Population
- Navy shipbuilding, repair, and operating populations at program level
- Limitations
- Class/era and Navy-program context only. The GAO report does not name PC-480 and does not establish that any listed product was installed aboard this hull, or establish quantity, condition, individual exposure, causation, or present-day status. Direct GAO access was blocked (HTTP 403), so this source remains subject to live retrieval confirmation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-06
-
[8]NavSource PC-480 photo gallery: OWI photo 9431-7 via National Museum of the U.S. Navy; crew photo, Casablanca c.1944 (live URL verified 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PC-480 hull page, image table rows 1-2
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavSource's PC-480 page carries two captioned photographs: an Office of War Information photograph (9431-7, credited to the National Museum of the U.S. Navy) captioned 'How to Save Five Weeks in Ship Construction,' showing a crane swinging a prefabricated submarine-chaser hull section into place c.1942 with PC-480 identified in the background - documenting wartime prefabricated welded construction at the yard where this hull was built; and a c.1944 photograph of PC-480 at Casablanca, Morocco, contributed by crew member Richard Waggoner - corroborating the ship's documented Casablanca operating base.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- Defoe yard construction workforce; PC-480 crew at Casablanca
- Limitations
- Captions are NavSource-compiled and credit archival sources (OWI 9431-7 via NMUSN); the underlying photographs were viewed only through the NavSource page. They document construction method and location, not materials, asbestos content, exposure, or litigation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-07
-
[9]HyperWar / ibiblio, Ships of the U.S. Navy 1940-1945, Submarine Chasers - PC (steel hull) listing [other_primary]
- Locator
- PC Submarine Chasers (Steel Hull) table, PC-480-82 row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The HyperWar 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945' submarine-chaser listing - a transcription compiled from official U.S. Navy vessel lists - records PC-480 within the block 'PC-480-82' with U.S. Navy service 1942-44 and disposition 'Lend-Lease to France,' corroborating the transfer mechanism and U.S. service window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Limitations
- Compiled listing at block granularity (PC-480-82 share one row); it corroborates service years and Lend-Lease transfer but adds no per-hull detail. It does not document asbestos, materials, exposure, or litigation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-08
-
[10]Batch-7855 authoritative-source sweep and authenticated CourtListener helper status; see search_ledger [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger row sl-uss-pc-480-pc480-09
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material specification, or other primary material record for USS PC-480 was located in the sources searched. The required authenticated CourtListener base sweep (exact-name opinion, exact-name docket, hull-number opinion, hull-number docket) could not complete: the helper's fleet pacing budget reported momentarily spent on each of four invocation attempts spread across the session, and the remaining base queries were not sent after stand-down. Litigation status is therefore an access gap, not a negative result, and no litigation hit is classified or carried.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- A negative public-source search does not prove asbestos was absent or that litigation does not exist. No asbestos-qualified variants were run because no completed base query established the required 20-result overflow; no anonymous or raw CourtListener request was made.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-480-pc480-09