Evidence
15 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-15).
-
[1]research packet 907-packet.md (2 sources cited) [museum_official]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-pc-561-pc561-pkt-907-packet-md
-
[2]DPHDM (Diretoria do Patrimônio Histórico e Documentação da Marinha - Brazilian Navy historical directorate), 'Histórico do Caça Submarino Graúna (1943-1959)', official ship-history record + PDF in the DPHDM digital repository, handle ripcmb/847140, bitstream GraunaCacaSubmarino1943-1959.pdf (verified live and downloaded 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- repositoriodphdm.marinha.mil.br handle ripcmb/847140, bitstream GraunaCacaSubmarino1943-1959.pdf (5 pp.) - header block, characteristics, commission list, commander list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Brazilian Navy histórico for this hull (5 pp.): ex-USS Patrol Craft 561, eighth of eight class-'G' chasers (Guaporé, Gurupi, Guaíba, Gurupá, Guajará, Goiana, Grajaú, Graúna); built by 'Jeffesonville Boat & Marine Co., Indiana' (Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Co.); keel 30 January 1942, launched 1 May 1942; delivered to Brazil 30 November 1943 and formally incorporated by Aviso Ministerial No. 2.080 of 6 December 1943, indicator G-8; assigned to the Força Naval do Nordeste by Aviso Ministerial No. 366 of 24 February 1944. Construction detail: 3/16-inch steel plate, longitudinal framing, 20 watertight compartments; 403t full/335t standard/275t light; 52.93m x 6.98m. Outfit: two GM 16-258-S diesels total 3,600 HP, 20.8 kt; 76mm/50 + 40mm + three 20mm Oerlikons, Mousetrap/K-gun ASW outfit, SF radar, QCJ sonar; auxiliary machinery includes a Clayton auxiliary boiler (75 psi, naphtha-fired) and E.B. Badger medium-pressure evaporator; 4 officers + 60 ratings. Credits Graúna with 25 WWII convoys and lists dated commissions including: 8 Mar 1944 suspicious-contact attack (two depth-charge attacks, ten charges) escorting tug Comandante Dorat towing merchant Curitiba Salinas-Recife; 29 Mar 1944 escorting submarine Timbira; 21 Jul 1944 escorting convoy JT-38 - sighted corvette Camaquã capsized at 08-07'S 034-21'W off Recife and began recovering survivors; 25 Jul 1944 escorting U.S. transport James Parquer with Brazilian expeditionary troops; 12 Aug 1944 escorting merchant Pará to the Amazon; 28 May 1945 escorting battleship Minas Gerais Salvador-Rio; 31 Jul 1945 aiding burning transport Duque de Caxias off Cabo Frio; 27 Nov 1945 Naval Academy training cruise. To Naval Academy disposal 15 Apr 1959; Mostra de Desarmamento 18 Sep 1959 under Aviso Ministerial No. 0847 of 11 Apr 1959 ('baixa 18 de setembro de 1959'); career total 86,180 miles / 370 days at sea; unbroken commander list 30 Nov 1943 - 18 Sep 1959 (first CO CT José Leite Soares Júnior 30 Nov-13 Dec 1943, then CT Luís Antônio de Medeiros Neto 13 Dec 1943-12 Feb 1945, and 16 successors through 1LT Paulo Roberto Aguiar Marques to 18 Sep 1959).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1959
- Population
- JeffBoat construction trades (1942); U.S. Navy crew (1942-43); Brazilian Navy crews 1943-1959 (4 officers + 60 ratings)
- Limitations
- Official national-navy historical record for the Brazilian era only - says nothing about the 1942-43 U.S. Navy period beyond the delivery date, and nothing about materials or asbestos. Conflicts with secondary sources on several points (25 convoys vs sixtant's 26; convoy 'JT-38' vs NGB's 'JT-18'; displacement 335/403t vs NavSource's 280/450t; engines '3,600 HP total' vs NavSource 'two 2,880bhp') - carried in gaps. Post-1959 fate not stated.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, PC-561 page (archive 12/010561) - milestone timeline, full specification block, photographic record (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/010561 header block, timeline, specifications block, photo table (NH 85474 credit)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource record for this hull ('PC-561 served the Navies of the United States and Brazil'): laid down 30 January 1942 at Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Co., Jeffersonville, IN; launched 1 May 1942; commissioned USS PC-561 11 July 1942; decommissioned 30 November 1943, transferred to Brazil and named Graúna (CS 8); reclassified G-8 after WWII; 'Returned to U.S. custody 19 April 1950 and transferred to the State Department, Foreign Liquidation Commission; Returned to Brazil; Decommissioned 18 September 1951; Fate unknown.' Specifications: displacement 280 t.(lt) / 450 t.(fl); length 173'8"; beam 23'; draft 10'10"; speed 20.2 kts.; complement 65; armament one 3"/50 DP, one 40mm, three 20mm, two Mousetrap DC projectors, four K-gun DC projectors, two DC tracks; propulsion two 2,880bhp GM 16-258S diesels (serials 6349/6350), Farrel-Birmingham single reduction gear, two shafts. Page states 'There is no DANFS History currently available for PC-561.' Photos include NHHC photo NH 85474 (courtesy Donald M. McPherson, 1977).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1959
- Population
- JeffBoat construction trades (1942); U.S. Navy crew cpl. 65 (1942-43); Brazilian Navy crews (1943-59)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone spine agrees with uboat.net, shipbuildinghistory, and the DPHDM histórico, but its 'Decommissioned 18 September 1951' conflicts with the official DPHDM baixa of 18 September 1959 (same day/month, year differs - probable transcription error; see gaps). Contains no asbestos content. navsource.org addresses are dead - the live domain is navsource.net.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-02
-
[4]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII, USS PC-561 (PC-561) warship file 8538 and linked Brazilian file BZ Graúna (G 8) file 10094 - order date, milestone table, U.S. command roster (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/8538.html technical block + 'Commands listed' table; /allies/warships/ship/10094.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net warship file for this hull: PC-461 class; built by Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Co. (Jeffersonville, IN); ordered 1 April 1941 (only source giving an order date); laid down 30 January 1942; launched 1 May 1942; commissioned 11 July 1942; end of U.S. service 30 November 1943 - 'Transferred to Brazil on 30 November 1943 being renamed Graúna.' Commands listed (WWII only): Lt. William A. Dobbs, USNR, 11 Jul 1942 - 9 Jan 1943; Ens. Arthur Freeburn Chace, Jr., USNR, 9 Jan 1943 - mid 1943; Lt. Paul Campbell, Jr., USNR, mid 1943 - 17 Oct 1943; Lt. Shull Bonsall, USNR, 17 Oct - 5 Nov 1943; P.H. Tomlinson, USNR, 5 - 30 Nov 1943. Linked Brazilian file (G 8): commissioned 30 Nov 1943, 'End service 19 Apr 1950 - Decommissioned on 19 April 1950.'
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1950
- Population
- Lt. W.A. Dobbs USNR and successors; U.S. Navy crew 1942-43
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a specialist secondary compilation; milestones corroborate NavSource/shipbuildinghistory but the order date and CO roster are not independently confirmed against primary documents. Its Brazilian end-service date (19 Apr 1950, the custody/title transfer date) conflicts with the DPHDM official disarmament date (18 Sep 1959) and its own continuous-service implication - treated as the FLC paperwork date, not decommissioning; see gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-03
-
[5]Navios de Guerra Brasileiros (NGB, naval.com.br) fiche 'CS Graúna - G 8, Classe PC 461' - Brazilian-service record compiled from Brazilian Navy sources incl. Mendonça & Vasconcelos Repositório de Nomes (SDGM 1959, p.112) and NOMAR notices (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- naval.com.br/ngb/G/G040/G040.htm - Datas block, Características block, Histórico (1944/1950/1951 entries), Bibliografia
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NGB fiche for this hull's Brazilian career: built by Jeffersonville Boat and Machine Co.; launched 1 May 1942; incorporated to the USN 11 July 1942; transferred and incorporated to the Marinha do Brasil 30 November 1943 'em cerimônia realizada em Miami, Florida,' first commander Capitão-Tenente José Leite Soares Júnior; header 'Baixa (MB): 11 de setembro de 1959.' Narrative commissions: 21 July 1944, with CS Jutaí (CS 52) in the convoy JT-18 escort group, rescued survivors of corvette Camaquã (C 6), sunk in heavy weather 09:30 about 12 miles NE of Recife-PE; 19 April 1950 'retornou a custódia do Governo dos EUA ... e acabou sendo transferido em definitivo para o Brasil'; 15 October 1951 'deu baixa do serviço ativo pelo Aviso n.º 2632.' Specs at MB incorporation: 280/450 t; 2 x GM 16-258S diesels '2.000 bhp'; 20 kn; 3,000 nm at 12 kn; crew 65 (5+60). Class acquisition cost US$1.7M (1942-43).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1959
- Population
- Brazilian Navy crews 1943-1959; Camaquã survivors recovered 21 Jul 1944
- Limitations
- Respected Brazilian naval-history compilation citing official sources (Repositório de Nomes, NOMAR) but still secondary. Internal date conflicts: header 'Baixa 11 Sep 1959' vs narrative '15 Oct 1951 baixa do serviço ativo, Aviso 2632' - the DPHDM official record (baixa 18 Sep 1959, continuous commanders to 1959) controls; the 1951 notice likely records a different administrative action. Its 'JT-18' convoy number conflicts with DPHDM's 'JT-38.' No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-04
-
[6]shipbuildinghistory.com, 'JeffBoat - Self-Propelled Vessels' yard table and yard history (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/small/jeffboat.htm - yard history paragraph + self-propelled table, PC 561 row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder record for this hull: JeffBoat self-propelled-vessel table row reads 'PC 561 | US Navy | Sub Chaser | 463d | 173 | 11-Jul-42 | To Brazil 1943 as Graùna (G 8), struck 1959' - yard hull number 463d, delivery/commissioning 11 Jul 1942, disposal note 'struck 1959' (consistent with the DPHDM 18 Sep 1959 baixa). Yard context: Jeffersonville Boat & Machine Company (JeffBoat), organized 1938 by American Barge Line on the former M.A. Sweeney & Brothers site at Jeffersonville, IN; leased the condemned Howard Shipyard & Dock property from the Navy in 1942 and became a major LST builder with wartime employment peaking at 13,000; postwar the country's leading inland towboat/barge builder; closed permanently 2018.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1938-2018 (yard); 1942 (hull)
- Population
- JeffBoat shipyard workforce (peak ~13,000, 1942-45)
- Limitations
- Specialist shipbuilding compilation (Tim Colton's database, widely used as a yard reference) - the PC 561 row corroborates NavSource/uboat/DPHDM milestones and the 1959 strike year. Yard employment figure is program-level, not hull-specific. No asbestos content; the table is a construction/disposition record only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-05
-
[7]HyperWar/ibiblio, 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945 - Submarine Chasers' (compiled USN ship list transcription); PC-461 class spec block; verified live 2026-10-03 [other_primary]
- Locator
- ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ships-sc.html - PC-461 class header + PC-561 row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USN ship-list transcription records this hull in the PC-461 class table: 'PC-561 | 1942-44 | Lend-Lease to Brazil' - corroborating the 1942-43/44 U.S. service era and the Lend-Lease-type transfer to Brazil. The page's class header gives the standard PC-461 design line (284 t; 173'8" x 23'; 21 kt; 1x3"/50, 1x40mm, 5x20mm, mousetraps, K-guns, DC racks; complement 65; diesel, 2 screws, 2,280 shp).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Population
- U.S. Navy crew (1942-43)
- Limitations
- HyperWar is a transcription mirror of a compiled USN-era ship list; the '1942-44' commission span is the list's date range convention, not a literal service period (she left USN service 30 Nov 1943). Minor spec variances vs NavSource (5x20mm vs 3x20mm; 2,280 shp vs 2,880 bhp) - carried in gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-06
-
[8]Wikipedia, 'Convoy TAG 18' escort table - USS PC-561 listed with USS PC-495 and USS PC-559 as escorts 2-8 Nov 1942; article cites Hague, The Allied Convoy System 1939-1945, p.113 and Rohwer & Hümmelchen, Chronology of the War at Sea, pp.168-169 (archival lead, carried because the underlying sources are print) [other_primary]
- Locator
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoy_TAG_18 - 'Ships in the convoy' table, escort rows; underlying: Hague p.113; Rohwer & Hümmelchen pp.168-169
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Reported but unverified U.S.-period assignment: the Wikipedia 'Convoy TAG 18' escort table lists USS PC-561 (with USS PC-495 and USS PC-559) as escorts of convoy TAG-18, Trinidad-Aruba-Guantánamo, 2-8 November 1942 - the convoy shadowed by U-160 (Kptlt. Georg Lassen) and U-129 that lost six merchant ships, a documented German victory. If accurate, this is this hull's only located named U.S.-period operation.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-11
- Population
- USS PC-561 crew (Nov 1942); TAG-18 merchant crews and escorts
- Limitations
- Secondary/tertiary carrier: Wikipedia's table cites Arnold Hague, The Allied Convoy System 1939-1945, p.113, and Rohwer & Hümmelchen pp.168-169 - print sources not directly verified. The online Arnold Hague convoy database (convoyweb.org.uk) returns no TAG-18 escort roster ('Escort Duties: n/a'), so the assignment could not be confirmed against a primary or authoritative digital source this session. Consistent with her dates (commissioned Jul 1942, Caribbean TAG route) but carried as a lead, not a finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-07
-
[9]Franklin D. Roosevelt Library digitized document mr0663.pdf - wartime U.S. Navy 'Composition of Task Forces' staff report (FDR Map Room papers series; OCR-scanned classified-period compilation) [other_primary]
- Locator
- fdrlibrary.marist.edu mr0663.pdf, p. ~101, numbered section 2).4.x listing 'PC 561 566 611 1193 ...'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A digitized wartime U.S. Navy 'Composition of Task Forces' staff compilation in the FDR Library Map Room papers lists 'PC 561' in a numbered section among other PC hulls (561, 566, 611, 1193, ...) within what the surrounding structure indicates is a submarine-chaser/patrol grouping - a genuine archival document naming this hull during its U.S. service window.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1943
- Population
- U.S. Navy patrol/subchaser organization (wartime)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the scan's OCR is heavily garbled and the enclosing section header/date are not legible, so the organizational context (which sea frontier, training center, or task group) cannot be stated confidently. The document's edition date was not located; it must predate the 30 Nov 1943 transfer. Does not establish operations, locations, or any material fact about the ship beyond her presence in the list.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-08
-
[10]Agência Marinha de Notícias (official Brazilian Navy news agency), 'Marinha relembra os 81 anos do naufrágio da Corveta Camaquã' (July 2025) - official commemoration naming Graúna and Jutaí as rescuers [museum_official]
- Locator
- agencia.marinha.mil.br História Naval section - article body (snippet-verified; automated fetch blocked)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Brazilian Navy news-agency commemoration of the 21 July 1944 Camaquã (C-6) sinking (three successive waves, capsized off Recife; 33 dead incl. commander CC Gastão Monteiro Moutinho; 117 aboard): 'Os sobreviventes foram resgatados com o apoio imediato dos Caça-Submarinos Jutaí e Graúna, que integravam o mesmo comboio marítimo e chegaram ao local minutos após o naufrágio' - official confirmation this hull recovered Camaquã survivors as part of the same convoy escort.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-07-21 (event); 2025 (article)
- Population
- Graúna and Jutaí crews; 84 Camaquã survivors
- Limitations
- Official-source corroboration of the rescue event only. Access limitation: the page is live but returns 'Você não está autorizado a acessar esta página' to automated fetches (direct and firecrawl); content verified via search-index snippet 2026-10-03; no Wayback capture exists. Does not name PC-561 (uses the Brazilian name Graúna); no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-09
-
[11]Sixtant - World War II in the South Atlantic, article '3) SUB CHASER GRAUNA G8' (Brazilian Navy Northeast Naval Force section) - photo-essay fiche (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sixtant.net/2011 artigos.php Brazilian Navy Northeast Naval Force > Submarine Chasers > '3)SUB CHASER GRAUNA G8'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Specialist South-Atlantic-war hobbyist fiche for Graúna: 'SC Grauna escorted 26 convoys during the war'; 'Decommissioned 18 Sep 1959' (matches the official DPHDM baixa); Guanabara Bay photo; credits the NHHC NH 85474 photo via NavSource.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1959
- Population
- Brazilian Northeast Naval Force crews (context)
- Limitations
- Hobbyist compilation with demonstrable errors - claims the hull 'was built at Sullivan Dry Dock and Repair Co. Brooklyn, New York' (all other sources: Jeffersonville Boat and Machine, Jeffersonville IN), mis-dates the Camaquã rescue '21/Jul/43' (correct 21 Jul 1944), and gives convoy count 26 vs the official 25. Carried as context/lead only; no claim from this source is relied on where it conflicts with DPHDM. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-10
-
[12]Patrol Craft Sailors Association (ww2pcsa.org), '173-Foot Steel-Hull Patrol Craft (PC-461 Class)' spec block, program totals, WWII service summary, and PC war record (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ww2pcsa.org/patrol-craft.html - spec table, program totals, 'PC WWII SERVICE' and 'PC WAR RECORD' sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Class context for this hull's type: PC-461 class - 173'8" x 23' steel-hulled patrol craft, 284 t., two 2,000-bhp diesels, 21 kts., 3,000 nm at 12 kts., complement 5 officers + 60 enlisted; main battery 3"/50 DP, later single 40mm + three single 20mm; K-guns + Mousetrap racks. Program: 421 ordered, 60 canceled, 361 delivered, ~$1.6M each; 45 Lend-Lease (incl. Brazil). Class role: ASW, convoy escort, coastal patrol releasing fleet destroyers for trans-Atlantic convoy duty - 'effective in protecting convoys along the Atlantic seaboard, in the Caribbean and South Atlantic during the critical 1942-1943 years.' PC-561 appears on neither the PCSA victories list nor the lost/damaged list.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1945
- Population
- PC-461-class crews and builders (class context)
- Limitations
- Class-level veterans'-association summary - documents the type and program, not this hull's outfit or service. Spec figures vary slightly from NavSource/DPHDM (2,000 vs 2,880/3,600 bhp; armament counts) - class data used for context only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-11
-
[13]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full report gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf blocked to automated fetch)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships, removed only damaged insulation or insulation requiring removal for repairs under the 1975 policy, and did not begin substituting nonasbestos insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1942), U.S. service (1942-43), and Brazilian service era (1943-59).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979 (report); wartime construction era
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and crews (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - not JeffBoat. Full text blocked to automated fetch (gao.gov HTTP 403 - standing limitation across batches); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-12
-
[14]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (2 x GM 16-258S diesels, Farrel-Birmingham gear, 2 shafts); DPHDM histórico outfit detail (Clayton auxiliary boiler, E.B. Badger medium-pressure evaporator, diesel dynamos); shipbuildinghistory JeffBoat construction record; GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-use era (ev-12) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/010561 specifications; DPHDM GraunaCacaSubmarino1943-1959.pdf characteristics paragraph; GAO HRD-80-2 (program context)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled, diesel-engined patrol craft built in 1942 sits inside the documented Navy asbestos-use era. As a diesel vessel she carried no propulsion boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam combatants does not apply. However, the DPHDM outfit record documents a Clayton auxiliary boiler (75 psi, naphtha-fired) and an E.B. Badger medium-pressure evaporator aboard in Brazilian service, so a small auxiliary-steam lagging pathway cannot be excluded. Era-standard applications for a patrol craft of this type and period: diesel engine and exhaust insulation/lagging in confined machinery spaces, machinery gaskets and valve/flange packing, electrical insulation, and compartment insulation where fitted - in a small 173-ft steel hull with confined below-deck spaces.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1959
- Population
- JeffBoat construction trades (1942); U.S. Navy crew (1942-43); Brazilian Navy crews and yard workers (1943-59); any disposal/breaking crew post-1959
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, build specification, work package, or product identification located for PC-561/Graúna. Names era-standard application categories, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. The auxiliary boiler/evaporator are documented equipment aboard (DPHDM) but their insulation content is undocumented. Absence of a steam-propulsion pathway is design fact; absence of asbestos aboard is not established.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-13
-
[15]Batch-7936 search ledger (this record): DPHDM official histórico; NavSource; uboat.net; NGB naval.com.br fiche; shipbuildinghistory JeffBoat; navalmarinearchive NMA; HyperWar/ibiblio; PCSA; sixtant; Wikipedia TAG-18 (lead only); FDR Library task-force PDF; Agência Marinha; GAO; NVR; NARA deck-log list; NHHC DANFS canonical probe; NHHC photo probe; general-web litigation sweeps; CourtListener (blocked - fleet pacing) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-pc-561-pc561-01 through -20
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming PC-561 / Graúna / G-8 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). General-web sweeps surfaced only the standard reference sources and one non-qualifying name collision (a 2016 Thai Navy patrol vessel also numbered PC-561). The builder's only located litigation is Jeffboat, Inc. v. Director, OWCP (7th Cir., LHWCA painter fumes/dust claim, 2005-2017 employment - not asbestos, not hull-related). Law-firm marketing pages listing 'Jeffersonville Boat & Machine' on Indiana jobsite lists were excluded by source policy. CAVEAT: of the four required CourtListener base queries, only 'USS PC-561' (opinion) executed - 11 hits, all verified name collisions, none naming this hull (the single asbestos opinion in the set, Holdren v. Buffalo Pumps, was full-text checked: 'PC-561' appears nowhere in it). The remaining three base queries were paced (fleet ~58/hr shared cap) on every attempt; logged as blocked, not a negative result.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (paced, not run to completion). RG 24 deck logs (USN period), JeffBoat work packages, and Brazilian Arsenal de Marinha work records are undigitized open leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-561-pc561-14