Evidence
14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).
-
[1]research packet 914-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-pc-610-pc610-pkt-914-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, PC-610 (timeline, specifications, disposal, photo captions) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/010610.htm header block, timeline, specifications block, and photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 24 February 1942 by Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston, TX; launched 19 June 1942; commissioned 28 September 1942; decommissioned December 1945; the Naval Vessel Register of 1 January 1949 lists her loaned in December 1948 to 'unknown miscellaneous activities, private operations or leased under contract'; beached and abandoned 7 June 1950 on Hens and Chickens Reef, Rhode Island Sound, for use as a bombing target - 'Hull destroyed.' Specifications: 280 t. lt / 450 t. fl; 173'8" x 23' x 10'10"; 20.2 kts; complement 65; armament 1x3"/50 DP, 1x40mm, 3x20mm, 2 rocket launchers, 4 depth charge projectors, 2 depth charge tracks; 2x 1,440bhp Hooven-Owen-Rentschler R-99DA diesels (serials 6817/6818), Westinghouse single-reduction gear, 2 shafts. Photo captions document her 'somewhere in the Pacific' and alongside PC-780 at Newport, RI (U.S. Navy photo, June 1947 All Hands). Page states 'There is no DANFS history available for PC-610.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1950
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); wartime crew ~65; reserve/loan-period custodians (1945-1950)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry; builder/date/spec items are corroborated here by the Bureau of Ships Ships' Data (ev-04) but the December 1945 decommissioning and December 1948 loan rest on NavSource's own NVR citation, which was not independently reviewed this session. 'Rhode Island Sound' versus 'Buzzards Bay' naming for the reef varies by source (see gaps). Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-01
-
[3]'Ship's History of the USS PC-610 that belonged to Hilton K. Rawlins, S1c, USN' - contemporaneous crew booklet scanned on NavSource (16 linked page images; 10 load - printed doc pages 6-15; doc pages 1-5 and the last image slot return server HTTP 500 errors) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/010610h.htm; page images 12010610010-12010610019.jpg (printed doc pages 6-15; doc pages 1-5 = images 12010610005-12010610009.jpg, all HTTP 500); officer roster p.6, crew roster pp.7-10, ribbons/awards p.11, movement log pp.12-15
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- This hull's own period-published Ship's History documents: OFFICER PERSONNEL - original roster Lt. Joseph A. Gillis (CO), Lt. David H. Pabst (XO), Ens. Robert C. Thorup (communications), Ens. Claude Fequay (gunnery); command succession Pabst relieving Gillis 19 May 1943, Thorup relieving Pabst 5 December 1943, Lt. Paul C. Merz relieving Thorup 26 July 1944, Lt. Comdr. John K. Winter relieving Merz (date not stated), Winter relinquishing to Lt.(jg) H.J. Marsh 19 December 1945; crew roster with plankowner dates of 9-28-42; campaign ribbons American Area, Asiatic-Pacific, Philippine Liberation, WWII Victory; S1c Donald R. Rooney awarded the Navy-Marine Medal for suppressing the fire on SS Livingston Roe at the Armazan dock, Recife, Brazil, 2 May 1943, other crewmen commended by Commander Fourth Fleet; and a port-by-port movement log - 1942: New Orleans, Burrwood, Key West, Miami, Nassau, Guantanamo, Aruba, Curacao, San Juan, Trinidad; 1943-44: Fourth Fleet South Atlantic shuttle among Trinidad, Recife, Belem, Natal (Charleston drydock July 1943, Miami drydock September 1944); December 1944: Port Everglades to Coco Solo, Canal Zone; January 1945: Galapagos, Bora Bora, Espiritu Santo, Hollandia; February-May 1945: Leyte, Puerto Princesa, Zamboanga, Tawi Tawi, Cebu City; August-September 1945: Manicani Island, San Pedro Bay, Okinawa, Buckner Bay, Yangtze River, Shanghai, Taku; November-December 1945: Subic Bay, Guam, Eniwetok, Pearl Harbor, San Diego (25 Dec), then Coco Solo, Key West, Jacksonville.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Wartime officers and crew (~65 complement; roster lists every rating who served)
- Limitations
- A period crew booklet (the ship's own history document) hosted as scans on a secondary site - the document itself is contemporaneous, but transcription here is from the scanned images, not a certified copy. Pages 1-5 (including any construction narrative) are unavailable - NavSource serves HTTP 500 on those scans on both /archives/ and /arkiv/ paths, and the Internet Archive was offline this session. Movement log has a gap between a torn entry at 8 June 1945 and 1 August 1945. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-02
-
[4]Navy Department, Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Volume II (NAVSHIPS 250-011, 15 April 1945), patrol vessels - submarine chasers (PC) tables (shipscribe.com mirror of the Google-digitized official volume) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v2.pdf: printed p.84-85 (class characteristics), p.90 (machinery, PDF p.108), p.91 (build table, PDF p.109)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official BuShips data for this hull and type: build table - 'Brown S. B. Co., Houston, Tex.' keel laid 24 Feb 42, launched 19 Jun 42, first commissioned 28 Sept 42 (printed p.91); machinery table - PC610 engine 'H. O. R. R-99DA', 2,880 shaft horsepower, Westinghouse reduction gear, trial displacement 348 tons, trial speed 20.2 knots (printed p.90); class characteristics for the 173' PC type - 173'8" overall, 170' waterline, 23' extreme beam, 280 t standard / 450 t full load, limiting draft 7'7", maximum navigational draft 10'10", accommodations 4 officers + 61 enlisted, ultimate approved armament 1x3"/50 cal. D.P. + 1 single 40mm A.A. mount, diesel propulsion with single-reduction gears, 2x 60kW 120V DC ship's-service diesel generators (printed pp.84-85).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew (~65 design complement)
- Limitations
- Official April-1945 publication digitized by Google and mirrored at shipscribe.com - cited via the mirror because no .mil host carries the volume; content verified against the PDF itself this session. 'First commission' and ultimate approved armament are as of April 1945 and do not speak to post-war changes; the tables contain no materials or asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-03
-
[5]National Archives, Special List 44, Ship Numbers - PC-610 deck-log index entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL-44 PDF page 72, PC-610 and PC-611 rows
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's deck-log index lists PC-610 log coverage from 28 September 1942 (commissioning day) through 30 June 1945, and cross-references PC-611's earliest logs (26 October-31 December 1942) as filed with PC-610's 1942 logs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-09-28 to 1945-06-30
- Population
- PC-610 deck-log holdings 1942-1945
- Limitations
- Index coverage dates only - the underlying logs were not retrieved or reviewed; they are the archival lead for daily positions, availabilities, and any logged material events. Coverage ends 30 June 1945, so the Balikpapan operation, China service, decommissioning, and loan period logs are outside the indexed run or in another series.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-04
-
[6]Navy and Marine Corps Awards Manual, 1953 edition (NAVPERS 15,790), Part IV - units eligible for Navy Occupation Service Medal and China Service Medal (extended), dual-eligibility ships list (verbatim transcription at HyperWar/ibiblio) [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar Awards manual Part IV, ships table, 'PC 610' row - dual eligibility '8 Sep - 30 Nov 45'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official post-war awards manual lists PC 610 in the 'dual eligibility' column for the period 8 September - 30 November 1945 - the window in which her crew was eligible for either the Navy Occupation Service Medal or the China Service Medal (extended). This corroborates the ship-history movement log placing her in China waters (Yangtze River, Shanghai, Taku) September-November 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- PC-610 crew aboard during 8 Sep - 30 Nov 1945
- Limitations
- Verbatim transcription of the official manual hosted at ibiblio.org (HyperWar), cited because no .mil host carries the text; the table documents medal eligibility, not the ship's tasking or operations detail, and contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-05
-
[7]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS PC-610 (PC-610) - build data, commanding officers, and Operation Oboe II order of battle [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship page 8587: info table, commands list, notable events - Operation Oboe II TG 78.2.7 paragraph
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net records this hull: ordered 20 September 1941; built by Brown Shipbuilding Co., Houston; laid down 24 February 1942; launched 19 June 1942; commissioned 28 September 1942; 'beached to be used as a target on 7 June 1950 and destroyed shortly afterwards.' Commanding officers listed match the ship's own history (Gillis, Pabst, Thorup, Merz, Winter). Under '1 Jul 1945 - Operation Oboe II, Allied landings at Balikpapan': TG 78.2.7, the Control Unit under Cdr. A. J. Petersen, USNR, comprised patrol vessels USS PC-1134 (Petersen aboard), USS PC-610 (Lt. J. K. Winter, USNR), USS SC-698, USS SC-747, and USS SC-750 - placing this hull as a control vessel for the Balikpapan landings, 1 July 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1950; Balikpapan 1945-07-01
- Population
- Wartime crew under Lt. J.K. Winter USNR
- Limitations
- Respected volunteer-run secondary reference compiled from war diaries and action reports, not a primary repository; the order-of-battle entry is consistent with the ship-history movement log (Leyte through 8 June 1945, next surviving entry Manicani Island 1 August 1945) but the June-July transit legs are not in the surviving log. 'Ordered 20 Sep 1941' is secondary-only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-06
-
[8]Naval Historical Society of Australia, Occasional Paper 34: Paddle Steamer Weeroona - account of the Hollandia-to-Leyte echelon convoy (1945) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Occasional Paper 34, paragraph describing the echelon's escort screen
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- An allied-official historical society publication documents this hull escorting the 96-unit Hollandia-to-Leyte echelon convoy (the towed Australian paddle steamer Weeroona among the units): 'the escort screen around them ... consisted of the American destroyer escort USS Crown as Senior Officer of the Navy escort group; the US Patrol Cutters PC 610, PC 1241 and PC 3810, with the Australian frigate HMAS Hawkesbury guarding the stern.' This corroborates the ship-history movement log (Hollandia, New Guinea through 9 February 1945, then Leyte arriving 2 March 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-02/03
- Population
- Wartime crew; convoy personnel
- Limitations
- Scholarly society publication (secondary but allied-official in character); the 'PC 3810' pennant as printed appears anomalous (no such PC-461 hull) and is reproduced as printed. Documents escort assignment, not dates or positions; no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-07
-
[9]shipbuildinghistory.com (T. Colton), Brown Shipbuilding yard table, Houston TX - PC 610 hull row and yard history [other_primary]
- Locator
- Brown yard table, hull 7 row; introductory yard-history paragraph
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Trade-history yard table corroborates builder and delivery: Brown Shipbuilding (built 1941 by George and Herman Brown at Green's Bayou / Houston Ship Channel with $9mm from the Navy; 359 vessels in four years - 12 PCs, 32 LCI(L)s, 61 DEs, 254 LSMs; yard leased to Todd Shipyards 1949), row for hull 7: 'PC 610 | Sub Chaser | 24-Feb-42 | 19-Jun-42 | 28-Sep-42 | Wrecked 1950 and used as a target.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942; yard 1941-1984
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1941-1945)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled trade history - secondary but widely used for yard-hull data; consistent with the official BuShips build table (ev-03) on all three dates. 'Delivered' dates in this table correspond to commission dates for PCs. No asbestos content; the yard's post-war leasing history is beyond this record's scope.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-08
-
[10]NavSource PC-1200 page (sister hull destroyed on the same reef) + New England Aviation History contemporaneous-report compilation of Quonset Point NAS dive-bombing operations over Buzzards Bay area targets, February 1950 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011200.htm timeline; https://newenglandaviationhistory.com/buzzards-bay-ma-february-13-1950/ (live, 200) - Midn. Philip Kuehl AD-3 crash entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Sister hull PC-1200 was 'turned over to Commander Naval Base Newport, RI and run aground on Hens and Chickens Reef in Buzzards Bay and destroyed as a bombing target 21 October 1949' - establishing that the reef served as a Navy bombing-target site to which Naval Base Newport delivered expendable hulls eight months before PC-610's identical disposal. A midshipman's AD-3 Skyraider from NAS Quonset Point crashed on a dive-bombing run at a surface target in the Buzzards Bay/Elizabeth Islands area on 13 February 1950, documenting the live target operations in that period.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1949-1950
- Population
- NAS Quonset Point aircrew; Naval Base Newport
- Limitations
- Context for the disposal mechanism only - establishes that the reef was an active Navy target site and that Naval Base Newport handled such hulls, but does not itself document PC-610's delivery chain (her December 1948 loan recipient remains unknown). NavSource is secondary; the aviation-history page is a local-history compilation of the contemporaneous accident report.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-09
-
[11]U.S. General Accounting Office, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (1979), including Navy response Enclosure I (live gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch - archived copy verified and full PDF reviewed via Wayback) [gao]
- Locator
- Wayback capture 20250210204441 of gao.gov/products/hrd-80-2 (Highlights) and archived hrd-80-2.pdf pp.1-2, Enclosure I pp.1-3
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO's 1979 report reviewed asbestos use in Navy ships. The Navy's response (Enclosure I) states that 'thermal insulation for machinery, equipment and piping systems has been the major application of asbestos'; that asbestos also appears in shipboard deck tile, electric cabling, galley ranges, piping-system gaskets and packing, and equipment brakes and clutches; and that 'all ships presently in service contain some quantity of asbestos.' The Navy's 1975 policy removed/replaced only damaged or repair-required insulation; a 1979 modification added selective replacement in high-maintenance areas. Asbestos thermal insulation was installed in some ships as late as May 1978.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1979 (use era); 1979 (report)
- Population
- U.S. Navy shipbuilding, ship repair, and shipboard asbestos use (Navy-wide)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation spanning this hull's entire 1942-1945 construction and service era, but it does not identify PC-610 or the PC-461 class and cannot establish that any listed application was installed aboard this hull. Fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - not this hull's builder. Live gao.gov product page and PDF both returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch this session; the 2025-02-10 Wayback capture of the product page and the archived PDF were verified instead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-10
-
[12]Class/era inference applied to this hull's construction window and plant type (per BuShips Ships' Data ev-03 and GAO HRD-80-2 ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Inference applied to ev-03 (type data) and ev-10 (era documentation)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1942-built steel patrol craft inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era would have carried period-standard small-combatant applications: thermal insulation around machinery, diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, deck coverings, and brake/clutch linings in the confined hull. As a diesel-only vessel she carried no steam plant - the boiler and turbine lagging pathway of steam warships does not apply to this hull.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1950
- Population
- Brown Shipbuilding construction trades (1942); crew 1942-45; custodial/loan personnel 1946-50
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, purchase record, or work package located for PC-610. Names era-standard application types, not confirmed installed materials; no quantities; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-11
-
[13]CourtListener litigation sweep via authenticated cl-auth-search.py - see search_ledger rows for query status (fleet pacing permitted partial completion this session) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-pc-610-pc610-08 through -11
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located in the completed queries. 'USS PC-610' opinion search returned 11 hits, all name collisions on review (Texas criminal/appellate opinions and civil cases matching 'PC'/'610' statute, rule, and docket tokens - Viad Corp v. United States Steel, United States v. Dire, Southeast Texas Environmental v. BP Amoco, guardianship and oil-and-gas appeals; no vessel-related case identifiable). The remaining three required base queries (exact-name docket, hull-number opinion, hull-number docket) were blocked by the shared fleet pacing limiter before reaching the API; they are logged as blocked/pending in the search_ledger, not as negative results.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- search conducted 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Litigation sweep is incomplete: only the exact-name opinion query reached the API. One completed query is not a litigation negative for the hull - the docket index and hull-number queries remain open. 'PC-610' is a high-collision token (statute cites, court forms, docket numbers) so hull-number queries require careful collision review when run.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-12
-
[14]Batch-7985 search ledger (this record): NavSource ship page and ship-history scans; BuShips Ships' Data 1945; NARA SL44; 1953 Awards Manual; uboat.net; NHSA Occasional Paper 34; shipbuildinghistory.com; GAO HRD-80-2 (archived); NHHC DANFS (no entry); NVR; NARA catalog; CourtListener [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-pc-610-pc610-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, materials list, or verified litigation naming PC-610 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Sources documenting her construction and service (BuShips Ships' Data, the ship's own history booklet, NARA log index, awards manual) contain no materials or asbestos information. The hull was destroyed as a bombing target in 1950 - no preservation body or later owner exists that might hold a hazmat file.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era inference (ev-11) remains reasonable and consistent, but asbestos presence aboard this hull is not ship-proven. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener status per search_ledger.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-pc-610-pc610-13