Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
-
[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'Sandoval II' (Vol. 4 p.487 and Vol. 6 pp.310-311), hazegray transcription mirrored at losthistory.net [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS APA-194 entry, full text; transcriber notes NVR source nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/LPA194.htm (now offline)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Second USS Sandoval (APA-194; first was an 1895 Alvarado-class gunboat). MCV hull 662, VC2-S-AP5, Kaiser Shipbuilding Co., Vancouver WA; laid down 1944-05-16, launched 1944-09-02, commissioned 1944-10-07 (Comdr. R. C. Scherrer). Iwo Jima assault 1945-02-19 to 02-27 (TransRon 16; 3d Bn 27th Regt 6th MarDiv; Red Beach landings, casualties embarked, landing craft damaged by mortar fire). Okinawa: Hagushi reinforcement landings 1945-04-10; kamikaze crashed into portside wheelhouse 0737 1945-05-28 in Nakagusuku Wan — 5 killed incl. executive officer, 29 wounded incl. CO (3 later died); fire control/radar/interior comms lost. Repairs at Mare Island from 1945-06-22 (completed after war's end). Occupation runs (Leyte, Luzon-Yokohama) and Magic Carpet through 1945-11-29. Decommissioned Stockton 1946-07-19. Recommissioned 1951-09-22 for Korea: Inchon cargo, troop lift to Koje Do POW-riot suppression (1952-04), post-armistice POW exchange transport (1953-08); decommissioned Mare Island 1955-06-22. MARAD NDRF 1959-12-10; struck 1960-07-01; reinstated 1961-09-01 and recommissioned 1961-11-20 (Berlin Crisis). Atlantic Fleet amphibious force from 1962-01-17; Cuban missile crisis standby with embarked Marines (1962-10/11); 6th Fleet deployments 1963 and later; Operation Steel Pike 1964; redesignated LPA-194 effective 1964-08-14; 6th Fleet alert during 1967 Arab-Israeli war; Apollo 8 Manned Spacecraft Recovery Force unit ~600 mi west of Canary Islands 1968-12; last 6th Fleet deployment 1969-03 to 08. Decommissioned Norfolk 1970-03-03 to Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility; MARAD custody 1970-08-20, James River Group NDRF; stricken 1976-12-01; disposed of by Maritime Administration exchange 1983-08-01. Two battle stars WWII, two Korean War.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1983
- Population
- Ship's company (complement 558 per DANFS stat line) and embarked troops (~1,563)
- Limitations
- Official DANFS text via transcription mirror (live NHHC DANFS URL 404 — standing NHHC link-rot issue also seen in batch-01; hazegray/losthistory transcription carries the full official text incl. NVR-derived disposition line). Contains no asbestos or insulation-material information; supports no asbestos claim. Discrepancy: DANFS states LPA-194 redesignation effective 1964-08-14; NavSource states 1968-08-14 — DANFS is treated as controlling and the conflict is logged.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-01
-
[2]DANFS Haskell-class statistics block accompanying the Sandoval entry (Vol. 6), hazegray transcription at losthistory.net [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Class statistics block, 'Engines' and 'Boilers' hull-range lists
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS Haskell-class statistics table, machinery by hull-number range: geared turbine drive — Westinghouse for APA 117,122,129,131,133,141-145,151-180,204-231; Joshua Hendy for APA 118-121,123,125-128,130,132,134-140,146-150,232-239; Allis-Chalmers for APA 187-203 (includes APA-194). Boilers: 2 each, Babcock & Wilcox header-type for APA 117-150,155,156,169-180,201,204,207-211,213,218,224,225,231-239; Combustion Engineering header-type for APA 151-154,157-168,187-200,202,203,205,206,212,214-217,219-223,226-230 (includes APA-194). Designed SHP 8,500; 1 propeller.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- Class table assigning machinery builder by hull range — ship-specific machinery attribution (Allis-Chalmers turbine, Combustion Engineering boilers) is read from the range, not a hull build sheet; conflicts with the generic 'Westinghouse + B&W' class profile. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-02
-
[3]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database — SANDOVAL (APA-194/LPA-194), Detail 4394, milestones and digitized status cards (4394_8098AF, 4394_8098BF, 4394_AF, 4394_AB) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 4394 milestone table; status-card scans (cards at /cards/4394_*.jpg)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD ShipHistory record for SANDOVAL (APA-194/LPA-194), Detail 4394: Kaiser Company build, year 1944, MARAD type VC2-S-AP5, gross 7,750; milestones — Entry 1959-12-10, Acquisition 1960-06-30, Withdrawal 1961-08-04 'Transferred to US Navy - Berlin Crisis,' Entry 1970-08-20, Withdrawal 1982-03-10, Disposition 1983-12-30; fate 'Sold - No Further Info.' Digitized status cards resolve the custody detail: 1959 card (MA-383) — Suisun Bay fleet entry 1959-12-10 1210 PST, arrival draft Fwd 16'10"/Aft 14'04", Navy temporary/reimbursable custody (preservation plus $900 custody charges, group of 55 ships), Navy title to 1946-10-15 noted, title transfer to MARAD 1960-06-30, withdrawn 1961-08-04 'Navy - Perm. Transfer (Berlin Emergency)'; 1970 card — James River fleet entry 1970-08-20, withdrawn 1982-03-10 'Withdrawn by Navy for stripping and disposal,' ship departed Portsmouth 1983-09-07 under Exchange Contract MA-11380 (1983-08-01), scrapped in Spain; sale card (MA-20) — awarded to Isaac Manuel Varela Davalillo 1983-08-01, lightship 5,350 tons, location Portsmouth VA, remarks 'Scrapping in Spain or Taiwan,' contract MA-11380; card narrative — traded with other vessels to Waterman Steamship Corp. in exchange for THOMAS NELSON and JEFF DAVIS, simultaneously sold to Davalillo (Spanish citizen) for scrapping in Spain, delivered by ISMF Portsmouth 1983-09-07, scrapped in Spain as of 1983-12-30.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1959-1983
- Population
- MARAD reserve-fleet custody workers; ISMF Portsmouth stripping crews (1982-83); Spanish scrapping yard workers
- Limitations
- Authoritative custody/disposal record. Discrepancy: web milestone text says the 1970-08-20 entry was 'Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet,' but the handwritten status card and DANFS both place the 1970 lay-up in the James River Group (consistent with Norfolk decommissioning and Portsmouth ISMF stripping) — the card is treated as controlling. 'Withdrawn by Navy for stripping' documents a disturbance event but no materials information; no asbestos, hazmat, or condition-survey content on the cards.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-03
-
[4]Corn, J.K. & Starr, J., 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' Am. J. Ind. Med. 11(3):359-373 (1987); machinery attribution per DANFS class table (ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-02) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373 (era documentation); DANFS class statistics
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era inference: a geared-steam VC2-S-AP5 attack transport built May-October 1944 at Kaiser Vancouver falls inside peak wartime asbestos use in U.S. shipbuilding; peer-reviewed scholarship documents extensive asbestos fireproofing/insulation use in WWII ship construction, and the ship's documented plant (superheated boilers, geared turbine, extensive steam distribution to winches and auxiliaries) is the standard lagging/gasket/packing exposure pathway. Documented disturbance points aboard this hull: 1945 kamikaze reconstruction at Mare Island, 1951 reserve-fleet reactivation, 1955 inactivation overhaul at Mare Island, 1982 Navy stripping at ISMF Portsmouth, 1983 dismantling in Spain.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1983
- Population
- Kaiser Vancouver construction trades (1944); ship's company and embarked troops; Mare Island repair workers (1945, 1955); reserve-fleet and ISMF stripping crews; Spanish breakers (1983)
- Limitations
- Era- and design-level inference only — no document names this hull's insulation materials. Establishes no quantities, no locations, no present-day (pre-scrapping) condition, and no individual exposure or causation. Disturbance events are documented as events; their asbestos scope is inference.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-04
-
[5]GAO, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure,' HRD-80-2 (1979-10-18) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked to automated fetch, HTTP 403; content via product-page description)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repair, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas — meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1975-1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation, not ship-specific; Sandoval left Navy service in 1970 (before the documented policy period) and was in MARAD custody 1970-1983.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-05
-
[6]Board of Veterans' Appeals, Citation Nr A25030352 (Docket 240628-451481), decided 2025-04-02 [court_record]
- Locator
- Decision text, 'Reasons and Bases' — January 2021 RRC paragraph and March 2024 TERA/VA concession paragraph
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Board of Veterans' Appeals decision (Citation Nr A25030352, decided 2025-04-02) documents: VA Records Research Center reviewed the veteran's service aboard USS Sandoval (LPA-194) from 1969-03-04 to 1969-04-18 against the 1944-1974 ship's history in an attempt to substantiate a claimed (herbicide) exposure event; RRC also requested records from NHHC, which could not locate a USS Sandoval command history for year 1964. VA conceded the veteran had asbestos exposure during service per a March 2024 TERA memorandum tied to his electronics-technician duties across a 1959-1980 Navy career aboard multiple ships — not attributed to Sandoval specifically. The Board found herbicide-agent exposure aboard the listed ships not supported by the evidence.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1969 service period; decision 2025
- Population
- Crew embarked aboard Sandoval 1969-03 to 1969-04 (single veteran documented)
- Limitations
- Administrative benefits adjudication, not a tort finding: the asbestos exposure concession is career-level across the veteran's multi-ship service (Bushnell, Penguin, B. Canyon, Springfield, Sea Devil, Constellation, Holland, Sandoval) and is NOT attributed to this hull; the exposure event reviewed aboard Sandoval was herbicide-related and found unsupported. Establishes verified service aboard in 1969 and an NHHC records gap (no 1964 command history), not asbestos aboard the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-06
-
[7]CourtListener API v4 search, type=o; single hit: /opinion/2330783/ In re Welding Fume Products Liability Litigation (606 F. Supp. 2d 716, N.D. Ohio) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-sandoval-apa194-05 through -08
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search (authenticated API v4): phrase query "USS Sandoval" returned 1 opinion — In re Welding Fume Products Liability Litigation, 606 F. Supp. 2d 716 (N.D. Ohio 2009-04-01), MDL Docket No. 1535 — a welding-fume products docket, classified as other litigation, not an asbestos case. Hull-number phrase queries "APA-194" and "LPA-194" returned zero results. A Sandoval+asbestos conjunct query remained pending at report time (fleet-wide API pacing spent — see search_ledger and report). No asbestos opinion naming USS Sandoval located in completed queries.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Sweep near-complete: name-phrase and both hull-number queries completed (1 hit, other litigation; two no-results); only the asbestos-conjunct query was not completed before the shared API pacing budget was spent — logged as pending, not as no-result. RECAP/opinion index coverage undercounts filings that omit hull numbers; 'Sandoval' is a common surname producing high collision noise. The welding-fume opinion's mention of the vessel was not verified at full-text level.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-07
-
[8]Batch-2264 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (mirror); MARAD ShipHistory Detail 4394 + status cards; va.gov BVA decisions; CourtListener; NARA catalog; NavSource (lead only) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-sandoval-apa194-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no hull asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat or materials disclosure, and no completed docketed asbestos case naming APA-194/LPA-194 was found in the public sources searched (DANFS; MARAD ShipHistory + status cards; VA BVA index; CourtListener sweep — see search_ledger). Ship-attributed asbestos documentation is therefore unknown.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard — a 1944 geared-steam hull is era-consistent with installed asbestos-containing materials. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener hull-number queries completed with no results; asbestos-conjunct query pending (see ev-07).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-08
-
[9]NARA National Archives Catalog, Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations series (594258); BVA A25030352 RRC discussion; MARAD contract MA-11380 per status card [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA catalog series 594258 (ship-name search is JS-gated; programmatic confirmation of Sandoval log coverage not completed)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved — no spend authorized): (a) NARA 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' series (1941-1992) — WWII logs digitized; 1961-1970 logs within Blue Water Navy deck-log digitization scope; the VA RRC's use of the 1944-1974 ship's history confirms a filed history exists; (b) NHHC command histories — per the BVA decision, NHHC could not locate a Sandoval command history for 1964, so coverage is known incomplete; (c) Kaiser Shipbuilding Vancouver construction records for MCV hull 662; (d) ISMF Portsmouth stripping/disposal work records 1982-1983 (contract MA-11380 file at MARAD).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1983 records
- Limitations
- Record-series mapping only — no box-level or file-unit retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sandoval-apa194-09