Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
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[1]research packet 900-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: PHANTOM
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-sc-511-sc511-pkt-900-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, SC-511 / USCGC Air Cardinal (WAVR 413) - construction timeline, specifications, Navy-to-Coast-Guard transfer and disposal (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/150511.htm header block, timeline list, specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 1 August 1941 by the American Cruiser Co., Detroit, MI; launched 1 April 1942; delivered 29 June 1942 and commissioned USS PC-511; reclassified SC-511 in April 1943; transferred to the Coast Guard 18 August 1945; commissioned USCGC Air Cardinal (WAVR 413) 11 October 1945; struck from the Naval Register 28 November 1945; sold 27 January 1948; fate unknown. Specifications: displacement 148 t.; length 110'10"; beam 17'; draft 6'6"; speed 21 kts.; complement 28; armament one 40mm gun mount, two .50 cal. machine guns, two 'Y Gun' depth-charge projectors, two depth-charge tracks; propulsion two 1,540 bhp General Motors (Electro-Motive Div.) 16-184A diesels, two shafts. Page states 'There is no DANFS history available for SC-511.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1948
- Population
- American Cruiser construction trades (1941-42); Navy crew (1942-45); Coast Guard crew/caretakers (1945-48); buyer unknown (1948)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestone dates generally track NVR/DANFS and here are corroborated by uboat.net, Flynn (USCG Historian-compiled PDFs), the official USCG Historian Air-class page, and shipbuildinghistory. The 'commissioned USS PC-511' notation reflects the class-wide temporary PC hull-symbol assignment on SC-497-class hulls, not a PC-461-class vessel (see ev-10).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-01
-
[3]uboat.net, Allied Warships: USS SC-511 (SC-511), submarine chaser of the SC-497 class - ordered/laid-down/launched/commissioned dates, CO roster, USCG transfer (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship page, data table and 'Commands listed' section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent corroboration of milestones: ordered 1 April 1941; laid down 1 August 1941; launched 1 April 1942; commissioned 29 June 1942; end of U.S. Navy service 18 August 1945 ('Transferred to the United States Coast Guard on 18 August 1945'); built by American Cruiser Co., Detroit, Michigan. Commanding-officer roster (USNR throughout): A K Sherman (29 Jun 1942-mid 1942), Lt.(jg) Wat Tyler Cluverius 3rd (mid-late 1942), A K Sherman (late 1942-mid 1943), J K Sullivan (mid 1943-early 1944), Lt.(jg) Donald H. Wollett (early-late 1944), D J P Jewitt (late 1944-mid 1945), C S Simoneaux (mid 1945-18 Aug 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1945
- Population
- Commanding officers and crew, 1942-45
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (specialist naval-reference site, not an official registry); used for milestone corroboration and the CO roster only. Lists the hull as SC-511 throughout without the PC-511 interim designation NavSource records. No asbestos content; no theater or convoy-assignment detail for this hull was located in this or any other source this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-02
-
[4]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'Air Class Cutters' (history.uscg.mil, dated 2020-04-13; verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- history.uscg.mil Air Class Cutters article 2148105 - narrative paragraph, spec block, and transfer list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official USCG program documentation naming this hull: 'The Air Class cutters were 70 Navy SC 497-class patrol boats the Coast Guard requested to be permanently transferred from the Navy to the Coast Guard for air-sea-rescue duties. Initially, 36 were provided on a loan basis. However, due to a shortage of CG personnel immediately following World War II, few 110-foot SCs became operational and those that did saw little service. Those units placed "in commission in reserve" status were assigned one deck petty officer and one engine-room rate as caretakers.' AIR CARDINAL appears in the official list of Air-class cutters transferred to the Coast Guard. Class service details: 2 GM Model 16-184A diesels, twin screw, 135 tons displacement, 110-111 ft, complement 16 (1 officer, 15 enlisted) in CG configuration; electronics SF-1 radar; armament reduced to small arms.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Population
- Coast Guard Air-class crews and 2-man caretaker crews (1945-47)
- Limitations
- Names this hull in the transferred-cutter list but gives no Air Cardinal-specific station, operational history, or decommissioning date - consistent with the documented 'few became operational' program reality. The spec block on the page is generic to the class (its builder line cites a different yard). No asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-03
-
[5]James T. Flynn, 'U.S. Coast Guard Patrol Craft Major Classes - 100-feet to 150 feet in Length 1915 to 2012, Part 1' (USCG Historian's Office compilation distributed via media.defense.gov; fetched via firecrawl 2026-10-03, direct curl 403) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Flynn patrol-craft compilation, '110-foot World War II SC's - Air Class WAVR's' section (narrative + roster table)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Flynn's Air-class WAVR roster gives this hull's Coast Guard dates: 'WAVR 413 | Air Cardinal | ex. SC-511 | 11Oct1945 | Sold 27Jan1948.' Program narrative: surplus USN 110' wooden submarine chasers were chosen for the post-WWII air-rescue expansion, 'quickly stripped of their armament and already equipped with most of the needed Electronics'; post-war demobilization of USCG Reservists left too few Coast Guardsmen to man the WAVRs, 'The result was that very few WAVR's actually entered full service, but instead were placed "In Commission in Reserve" with a two man skeleton crew of care takers.' Class specs: Displ. 134-Tfl; 110'10"x17'x6.5'; 2 diesels 1,540 (or 800) HP, 2 screws; 21 (or 15.6) kts; complement 3 officers + 25 enlisted (Navy configuration); armament 1-3"/23, 2-.50 cal MG, 2 mousetrap, 2 DC tracks (removed in CG service).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Population
- Air-class caretaker crews (1945-48)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific CG dates corroborating NavSource; no station assignment or operational record for Air Cardinal is given (consistent with caretaker-crew status). Flynn is a USCG Historian-compiled reference work, not a registry; OCR-quality errors exist in the table ('Kestral', 'Graylag', 'Kildeer'). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-04
-
[6]James T. Flynn, 'U.S. Coast Guard "W" Numbers' (USCG Historian's Office compilation distributed via media.defense.gov; fetched via firecrawl 2026-10-03, direct curl 403) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Flynn W-numbers table, 413 block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official-style USCG hull-number cross-index lists 'WAVR 413 Air Cardinal ex. SC-511', confirming the designation chain SC-511 -> WAVR-413 for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Limitations
- Cross-index only - confirms designation and lineage, nothing else. The PDF is OCR-processed and the extraction renders the prefix inconsistently ('WAGR 413' in one extraction vs 'WAVR 413' in another); WAVR is the documented designation across all other sources. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-05
-
[7]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, finding aid to USCG Military Muster Rolls 1941-49 (NARA RG 26, Entry 108A; verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Muster-roll finding aid: 'SC-511 ... 1945' entry (~Box 200 sequence); 'Air Cardinal ... 1946' entry (~Box 89 sequence)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Folder-level finding aid shows personnel records exist at the National Archives for this hull in both services: an 'SC-511' folder dated 1945 (1945 Named Vessels section, in the Box ~200 sequence alongside 'Air Brant Formerly SC-499' and Air Sea Rescue Station Norfolk VA entries) and an 'Air Cardinal' folder dated 1946 ('Named Vessels 1946', Box 89 sequence). These are the hull's located personnel-record series - the surviving official trace of who served aboard in the final Navy year and the Coast Guard year.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- SC-511 crew (1945); Air Cardinal crew/caretakers (1946)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: folder-level finding aid establishes that muster rolls exist, not their contents - the folders were not examined. No asbestos, work, or station content. The 1945 'SC-511' folder sits in the Coast Guard (RG 26) series consistent with her August 1945 transfer; the folder dates do not themselves establish her 1945 operating station or manning status.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-06
-
[8]shipbuildinghistory.com (T. Colton), 'American Cruiser Works, Riverside MI' yard table + 'Sub Chasers Built During WWII' SC list (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03; mirrored at navalmarinearchive.com) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com American Cruiser yard table row SC 511; PC/SC master table row SC-511
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Yard-record compilation: SC 511, US Navy sub chaser, 136 LDT / 110 ft, delivered 29-Jun-42, disposition 'To USCG 1945 as Air Cardinal (WAVR 413), sold 1948' - built at American Cruiser Works, Riverside MI (the same compiler's master SC table says 'American Cruiser, Detroit MI'). The yard page notes the compiler 'can find no information about this company' - a very small wartime boat yard whose located output was ten SC-497-class hulls (SC 511, 512, 658, 659, 682-687).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1948
- Population
- American Cruiser yard trades (1941-42)
- Limitations
- Shipbuilding-history compilation (secondary, but the standard reference for U.S. yard output); corroborates delivery date and USCG disposition. Yard name/location varies across sources - 'American Cruiser Works, Riverside MI' (shipbuildinghistory yard page) vs 'American Cruiser Co., Detroit MI' (NavSource, uboat.net, the same compiler's SC table); Riverside is in the downriver Detroit area. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-07
-
[9]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (wooden SC-497-class hull, 2x GM 16-184A diesels); USCG Historian Air-class page and Flynn patrol-craft specs (same plant); shipbuildinghistory builder record (small emergency boat yard, 1941-42 build); GAO HRD-80-2 era context (ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block; Flynn/USCG spec blocks; shipbuildinghistory yard table; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 110-foot wooden-hulled submarine chaser delivered in June 1942 by a small boat yard sits inside the U.S. Navy's documented peak asbestos-use era. Era-standard asbestos applications aboard a diesel-powered wooden SC of this period were limited but present in kind: diesel-engine exhaust lagging and muffler insulation, gaskets and flange packing in engine and piping systems, valve stem packing, and electrical insulation in the confined below-decks crew spaces. The wooden hull eliminated structural lagging, and the diesel plant eliminated the boiler/steam-line insulation that dominated asbestos exposure on steam vessels - the exposure profile of this type is engine-room-centered and smaller in absolute quantity than that of steam combatants, but the confined-volume dynamic of a 110-foot craft with a 28-man crew applies.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1941-1948
- Population
- American Cruiser yard trades (1941-42); Navy engine-room ratings and crew (1942-45); USCG engine-room caretaker and crew (1945-48)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or purchase record located for SC-511. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantity; no manufacturer attribution. The wooden-hull/diesel design materially narrows the plausible asbestos footprint relative to steel steam vessels - inference should not be read as 'heavily insulated'.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1941-42) and service era (1942-48).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-10-03) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-09
-
[11]NavSource SC-497 class-name page + SC photo index (12/15idx.htm) - class-wide 'ex-PC' reclassification pattern (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/150497.htm timeline; NavSource 12/15idx.htm 'ex-PC' notations
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CLARIFICATION: NavSource styles this hull 'ex-USS PC-511' and records 'delivered 29 June 1942 and commissioned USS PC-511, reclassified SC-511 in April 1943.' This is not evidence that a PC-461-class patrol craft numbered PC-511 existed (the PC-461-class numbering block skips this range): the early SC-497-class boats were commissioned under temporary PC hull symbols and reverted to SC in April 1943 - the class namesake SC-497 itself commissioned as USS PC-497 on 15 April 1942 and was reclassified SC-497 the same month, and the NavSource index shows the same 'ex-PC-nnn' notation across the early class (PC-330, PC-353, PC-449/450/453, PC-497/498/501/503/504, PC-536-539, PC-639, PC-642/643, PC-667, and others).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1943 (designation window)
- Limitations
- Corrects a catalog-level ambiguity, not a material claim: the hull was always an SC-497-class wooden subchaser; the PC-511 designation was an administrative hull-symbol carried from commissioning to April 1943. Reclassification month ('April 1943') rests on NavSource - no day-level date located. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-10
-
[12]CourtListener API v4 searches via cl-auth-search.py (authenticated, fleet-paced): base queries for this hull per batch protocol [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener could not be queried this session: the shared fleet token-bucket was continuously drained by a competing session - ten cl-auth-search.py acquire attempts over ~55 minutes all timed out without a token (observed bucket: token refills to ~1.0 every ~62s and is consumed by the competitor within seconds, every cycle). Not a negative result: the four base queries ('SC-511' opinion + docket, 'Air Cardinal' opinion + docket, --limit 20) were staged but never reached the API. Litigation status of this hull is an open gap. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying asbestos case naming this hull.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Blocked, not negative: no CourtListener request was ever sent - the pacing limiter (not the API) denied every attempt. Re-run the four base queries when the fleet budget frees; a zero-result claim would be unsupported.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-11
-
[13]Batch-7886 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net; USCG Historian Air-class page; Flynn patrol-craft and W-numbers PDFs (media.defense.gov); USCG muster-roll finding aid (NARA RG 26 Entry 108A); shipbuildinghistory; NARA catalog (JS-blocked lead); CourtListener (see ledger status); secondary web litigation sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-sc-511-sc511-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS SC-511 / PC-511 / USCGC Air Cardinal (WAVR-413) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried this session - the fleet pacing budget was continuously drained by a competing session (10 acquire attempts, all timed out); logged as blocked in search_ledger, not as a negative result. There is no DANFS entry for this hull (NavSource notation) and no NVR entry (disposed 1948, before the NVR's post-1987 coverage). The hull's paper trail after the 1948 sale is nil - 'fate unknown' in every located source.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-standard diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, packing, and electrical insulation on a 1942 diesel craft would not require a ship-specific record to exist. The litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (paced, not run). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. The 1948 private-sale disposition leaves no public disposition trail to check for salvage/abatement records.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-sc-511-sc511-12