Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 630-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-summit-county-lst1146-pkt-630-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Summit County (LST-1146) - construction, service narrative, spec block, disposal (NHHC page updated 13 March 2024 by Robert J. Cressman; live history.navy.mil URL returned 404 on 2026-10-02 - ARCHIVED Wayback capture cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative and spec block (Wayback capture 2025-02-02)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: laid down 10 February 1945 at Seneca, Illinois, by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.; launched 11 May 1945, sponsored by Mrs. M. L. Hecht, Jr.; commissioned 30 May 1945. Shakedown Galveston Bay June 1945; Panama transit; Pearl Harbor 2 August 1945; via Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan, Okinawa to Sasebo 2 November 1945; occupation duty. Seattle yard period January 1946; San Diego operations June 1946-May 1947; annual Point Barrow Alaska resupply expeditions 1947-1950. Korea: departed San Diego 19 October 1951, Inchon 28 December 1951, operated from Yokosuka to April 1952. Alaska runs 1952-53; WestPac October 1953-April 1954. Named Summit County July 1955 (after counties in Colorado, Ohio, Utah). WestPac deployments January-October 1956, January-July 1958, January-June 1959; Hawaiian operations March-July 1960. Deployed to Hawaii 9 April 1962 and 'from 3 October until returning to San Diego on 27 November, she participated in the nuclear tests in the central Pacific.' Hawaii again July-December 1964. Vietnam: departed San Diego 10 December 1965, Danang 24 January 1966, shuttle to Chu Lai; fouled a coral pinnacle 11 March 1966 flooding the engine room; Sasebo repairs to 16 May; resumed shuttle; mission complete 24 July 1966. Overhaul 1 January-5 May 1967. Second Vietnam deployment: arrived 16 November 1967; Operation Market Time 17 January-1 March 1968, relieved by Park County (LST-1077); Yokosuka availability 20 March-12 April; San Diego 11 May 1968. Inactivation decided fall 1969; returned to MARAD December 1969, Pacific Reserve Fleet Suisun Bay; stricken 1 November 1976; disposed via Security Assistance Program cash sale to Ecuador; renamed Hualcopo (T.55, then T.61, TR.61); active with Ecuadorian forces 1999 as coastal transport. Awards: one battle star Korea, three Vietnam. Spec block: dp. 3,960; l. 328'0"; b. 50'0"; dr. 11'2"; s. 11.6 k.; cpl. 119; trp. 147; a. 8x40mm, 12x20mm; class LST-542.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1999 (entry coverage)
- Population
- Construction trades (Seneca, 1945); crew across 1945-1969 commission
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official history; contains no asbestos or material content. DANFS names only the 1962 central-Pacific nuclear tests - the ship's 1954 Castle participation (documented in DNA 6035F, ev-04) is absent from this entry. 'Nuclear tests' here denotes radiological context, not asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Summit County (LST-1146) ex USS LST-1146 (1945-1955) - milestone timeline, specifications, campaign tables, commanding-officer list [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/161146.htm header block, specifications, campaign tables, CO list (live .net domain verified 2026-10-02)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 10 February 1945, Chicago Bridge & Iron Co., Seneca, IL; launched 11 May 1945; commissioned USS LST-1146, 30 May 1945, LT. Warren A. Cushing USNR. WWII Asiatic-Pacific Theater; occupation service in the Far East 27 October-20 November 1945. Korean War campaign: Second Korean Winter (28-29 December 1951; 20-26 March 1952). Named USS Summit County (LST-1146) 1 July 1955. Vietnam campaigns: Vietnamese Counteroffensive (24 January-21 March 1966, 26 March-30 June 1966), Phase II (1-24 July 1966), Phase III (14 November-19 December 1967, 14 January-7 March 1968). Decommissioned 31 October 1969 at San Diego, CA; transferred to MARAD December 1969 for layup in the NDRF, Suisun Bay; struck from the Naval Register 1 November 1976; one battle star Korea, three campaign stars Vietnam; sold under the Security Assistance Program to Ecuador 14 February 1977, renamed Hualcopo (T-55), renumbered T-61 then TR-61; suffered an on-board fire in 1998; still on active duty as a coastal transport as of May 1999. Specifications: two GM 12-567A 900-hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, two propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders, three diesel-drive 100 kW 230 V DC ship's-service generators; complement 13 officers/104 enlisted; troop accommodations 16 officers/147 enlisted. Continuous commanding-officer list runs 30 May 1945-31 October 1969.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945-1999 (page coverage)
- Population
- Construction trades (Seneca, 1945); crew 1945-1969; Ecuadorian crew 1977-2006
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its dates generally track NVR/DANFS and here agree with both. Contains no asbestos content. The 1998 fire is noted without detail (month, spaces affected, or repair scope undocumented).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-02
-
[4]Naval Vessel Register, SUMMIT COUNTY (LST 1146) ship detail - status and stricken fields (live nvr.navy.mil unreachable this session - ARCHIVED Wayback capture 2024-09-09 cited) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NVR SHIPSDETAIL_LST_1146.HTML, Vessel Status and Milestone Dates blocks (Wayback capture)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NVR record for this hull: UIC 58146; class LST 542; vessel type Tank Landing Ship; Status 'Disposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP), transferred, cash sale, ex-US fleet hull foreign military sale case number assigned'; date status changed 02/01/1977; Stricken Date 11/01/1976. Keel/launch/commission fields blank on the NVR detail.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1976-1977 (record events)
- Limitations
- Confirms stricken date and disposal mechanism; the NVR status-change date (1977-02-01) differs from the NavSource/El Universo sale date (1977-02-14) - administrative vs. transaction dates, not reconciled. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-03
-
[5]Defense Nuclear Agency, Operation CASTLE 1954 - United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review, DNA 6035F (Kaman Tempo; full-text scan mirrored at sonicbomb.com) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DNA 6035F, Table 85 (LST-1146 operational activities during CASTLE, source: LST-1146 Deck Log); Table 36 (transient shipping, 7 Apr 1954); TU 7.3.9 narrative pp. ~372-373; personnel-exposure table TU 7.3.9; ship index entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Deck-log-derived primary documentation of this hull's participation in the Castle test series (Bikini/Enewetak, spring 1954) during her October 1953-April 1954 WestPac deployment - a participation NOT recorded in DANFS. Per DNA 6035F: LST-1146 served in Task Unit 7.3.9 (Transport Unit), carrying passengers and freight between Enewetak and Bikini. Table 85 (sourced to the LST-1146 deck log) positions the ship for all six Castle shots: at BRAVO (1 Mar) she was outbound Japan for Pearl Harbor, diverted to Guam (arrived 6 Mar); at ROMEO (27 Mar) she was beached and moored portside at Parry Island, Enewetak, anchoring off Enewetak Island post-shot; at KOON (6 Apr) underway Enewetak to Pearl Harbor (transient-shipping Table 36 fixes her position and course on 6 April; the scanned longitude figure is OCR-corrupted and not transcribed); at UNION (26 Apr) steaming Pearl Harbor to San Diego; at YANKEE (5 May) and NECTAR (14 May) drydocked at San Diego. The report's personnel-exposure table lists LST-1146's badged complement under TU 7.3.9; its narrative records that the unit's only two readings above Maximum Permissible Exposure belonged to LST-762 and LST-551 crewmen - not this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1954-02-26 to 1954-05-14
- Population
- LST-1146 crew (complement 119) during Castle, spring 1954
- Limitations
- Radiological-exposure context, NOT asbestos: documents presence in the Pacific Proving Ground and deck-log-verified positions, including a berth at Parry Island, Enewetak, during detonation ROMEO. The garbled scan table prevents quoting the hull's exact dose figure; the text confirms no crewman exceeded MPE. Mirrored scan - an official DNA publication hosted on a third-party site; pagination per the scanned document (ship index at 'USS Summit County (LST-1146): Operations 68 (Table 5), 373, 377 (Table 85); Position Data 257 (Figure 72), 273').
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-04
-
[6]Defense Nuclear Agency, Operation DOMINIC I - 1962, United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review (DNA 6040F-series, Kaman Tempo 1983; DOE OSTI OpenNet full text) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DNA 6040F ship-section 'USS Summit County (LST-1146)' (pp. ~312-313 of scan); ship-position figures 68-70, 72, 104, 108, 110; Projects 6.6/6.8/9.1b narratives; Navy-ship exposure table org code 8376
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Deck-log-derived primary documentation of this hull's participation in Operation Dominic (the 'nuclear tests in the central Pacific' of the DANFS entry, 3 October-27 November 1962). Per the NTPR report's dedicated ship section: USS Summit County (LST-1146), tank landing ship, complement 119, unit of TG 8.3.6.4 (Scientific), participated in Johnston Island (Fishbowl) shots only. Shot positions: BUMPING (6 Oct) ~180 nmi NNE, steaming with Henry County and Harris County; CHAMA (18 Oct) ~160 nmi SW; CHECKMATE (19 Oct) ~200 nmi south, observed detonation; BLUEGILL Triple Prime (25-26 Oct) on assigned station with Harris County, ~15 nmi south of detonation at shot time; CALAMITY (27 Oct) ~100 nmi NNW; HOUSATONIC (30 Oct) anchored Johnston Island Harbor ~180 nmi NE; KINGFISH (1 Nov) ~40 nmi SSW on H-hour station; TIGHTROPE (3 Nov) anchored at Johnston Island, observed detonation ~3 nmi bearing 200. The ship carried scientific instrument stations: Project 6.6 long-term debris-history observations (shots Starfish, Bluegill, Kingfish, Checkmate, Tightrope), Project 6.8 riometer measurements, and Project 9.1b sodium-vapor ionospheric-wind photography - the ship array being Summit County, Henry County (LST-824), and Point Barrow. Badged under Navy organization code 8376 in the personnel-exposure tabulation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1962-10-03 to 1962-11-27
- Population
- LST-1146 crew (complement 119) during Dominic Johnston Island phase, October-November 1962
- Limitations
- Radiological-exposure context, NOT asbestos. The scanned personnel-exposure table is OCR-corrupted, so no per-ship dose figure is quoted; the report's ship-level framing assigns this hull to Johnston Island shots only. Source is the official DOE OpenNet full-text scan (OCR layer artifacts preserved as read).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-05
-
[7]El Universo (Guayaquil), 'El buque de guerra Hualcopo es dado de baja esta manana' - Ecuadorian Navy decommissioning report (2006-03-08) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- El Universo Comunidad/Guayaquil section, article of 2006-03-08 (live URL verified 2026-10-02)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Contemporaneous Ecuadorian reporting of this hull's end of service: on 8 March 2006 the BAE Hualcopo was decommissioned in a ceremony at the Comandancia de la Escuadra Naval (Base Naval Sur), Guayaquil, the naval command deciding to pass the ship 'a condicion de inactividad por desguace' (to inactive status for scrapping). The article states the ship was sold to Ecuador on 14 February 1977, entered the country 6 September 1977, and was incorporated into the Armada on 25 November; 28 operational years, more than 1,400 crew members over her career, roughly 300,000 miles, about 200 missions.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1977-2006
- Population
- Ecuadorian Navy crew (career total reported >1,400); any breaking-yard trades if scrapping proceeded
- Limitations
- Documents decommissioning-to-scrapping status; whether demolition was actually executed is unreported in retrieved sources. No asbestos or hazmat content; the 1998 fire (NavSource) and any Ecuadorian-service material condition are not covered here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-06
-
[8]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), LST design and machinery tables (shipscribe.com scan; HEAD requests 404 but GET retrieves the full PDF) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2, LST machinery/design table rows for block LST1081-1152 (p. ~169 of scan)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The official BuShips machinery table assigns the LST1081-1152 block (which contains this hull) two GM 12-567A diesels totaling 1,700 shp - a diesel plant with no boilers and no steam conditions entered for the group. Era/design inference for asbestos aboard a 1945-built diesel LST of this design: diesel exhaust lagging; machinery and exhaust-system gaskets and valve packing; engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation; deck coverings and tile; bulkhead and accommodation insulation; winch/crane brake linings. The diesel plant eliminates the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway dominant on steam vessels; exposure relevance concentrates in engine-room/exhaust materials, interior insulation, and deck coverings.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1945 design baseline; era-typical applications
- Population
- Construction trades (Chicago Bridge & Iron, Seneca, 1945); crew 1945-1969; Ecuadorian crew 1977-2006; any breaking-yard trades
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located. Names the class design standard and era-typical applications, not confirmed installed materials on this hull; no quantity; present-day material state unknown and the hull likely scrapped post-2006.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-07
-
[9]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1945) and U.S. service era (1945-1969); standing Navy policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; Navy asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description, consistent with prior batch usage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-08
-
[10]CORRECTION cross-check: Infodefensa, 'La Armada Ecuatoriana inicia el despliegue operacional del TR-61 Hualcopo' (current TR-61 is the seized 2015-built Chinese freighter Fu Yuan Yu Leng 999, navalized 2020); plus Wikipedia infobox anomalies for this hull [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Infodefensa article (live URL verified 2026-10-02); El Universo 2006-03-08; NavSource CO list; DANFS narrative (Wayback)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Two circulating errors corrected. (1) Wikipedia's infobox for this hull carries 'Decommissioned March, 1946' and 'Reinstated 21 December 1965' - contradicted by the record: DANFS describes January 1946 as an extended Seattle yard period followed by continuous San Diego operations from June 1946, and NavSource's commanding-officer list is unbroken 30 May 1945-31 October 1969; no reinstatement event exists in 1965 (the ship deployed to Vietnam that December). (2) Name/pennant collision: the 'BAE Hualcopo (TR-61)' showing Ecuadorian service post-2020 is a DIFFERENT vessel - the 2015-built Chinese freighter Fu Yuan Yu Leng 999, seized for illegal fishing in 2017 and commissioned into the Armada July 2020 after Astinave refit. The ex-LST-1146 Hualcopo (T-55/T-61/TR-61) was decommissioned for scrapping 8 March 2006 per El Universo; Wikipedia's 'in active service, as of 2007' is stale.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2006-2020 (collision window); 1945-1969 (infobox anomaly)
- Limitations
- Corrects identifier-level errors only - neither bears on asbestos. Infodefensa is a reputable defense-trade outlet; the underlying vessel identity (Fu Yuan Yu Leng 999 seizure, 2020 commissioning) is corroborated by Ecuadorian official statements carried in the same coverage. Wikipedia flagged here is not itself cited as a source of record anywhere in this file.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-09
-
[11]Batch-6635 search ledger (this record): DANFS (Wayback); NavSource; NVR (Wayback); DNA 6035F CASTLE NTPR; DNA 6040F DOMINIC NTPR (OSTI OpenNet); El Universo; Infodefensa; BuShips SDB 1945 v2; GAO HRD-80-2 product page; NARA catalog; MARAD/NDRF records; secondary-web litigation sweep; CourtListener API v4 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-summit-county-lst1146-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or verified litigation naming USS Summit County / LST-1146 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero opinions for the combined query '"Summit County" LST-1146'; the remaining CourtListener queries (name alone, hull number alone, RECAP docket index) could not be run this session - the fleet-wide request pacer stood the session down. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case naming this hull - asbestos-listicle mentions, where present, carry no primary sourcing and are excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 2026-10-02
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945-built naval vessel of this era sits inside the documented asbestos-use era, and era inference is reasonable but not ship-proven. The litigation-repository search is PARTIAL: one of four planned CourtListener queries ran (zero hits); the remainder are an open gap, logged as blocked in the search ledger - not a negative result. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-10
-
[12]Archival leads: NARA RG 24 deck logs for LST-1146 / Summit County (existence established - the DNA NTPR reports quote the LST-1146 deck log as their position-table source); NTPR/NVA participant dose records under Navy org code 8376 (Dominic) and the Castle TU 7.3.9 badged-complement table; MARAD NDRF Suisun Bay layup/transfer records for this hull (1969-1977); any Ecuadorian breaking or survey records post-2006 [other_primary]
- Locator
- DNA 6035F Table 85 source line; DNA 6040F org code 8376; NARA RG 24 P118 series (deck logs, not digitized)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship's deck logs demonstrably exist and were mined by the DNA NTPR reports for both Castle (Table 85, 'Source: LST-1146 Deck Log') and Dominic - but are not digitized publicly. NARA RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel deck logs) is the expected repository; VA/NTPR dose reconstruction files keyed to org code 8376 are the crew-level exposure record. MARAD custody/condition records for the 1969-1977 Suisun Bay layup are undigitized.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-02
- Study period
- 1954; 1962; 1969-1977
- Population
- LST-1146 crews (Castle 1954, Dominic 1962 dose records)
- Limitations
- Leads only - none retrieved or read this session. Deck-log existence is established by the NTPR citations themselves; the MARAD records' existence is probable but unverified. No asbestos content in any lead as located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-summit-county-lst1146-11