Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet jb-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-turner-dd259-pkt-jb-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Turner I (Destroyer No. 259 / DD-259) (namesake biography, specifications block, service narrative 1919-1943; NHHC page updated by Robert J. Cressman 11 January 2024; live NHHC page returns 404 at research time - canonical text verified via Wayback capture 2024-12-11) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, specifications block + full service narrative (canonical: history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/t/turner-i.html via Wayback capture 20241211155700)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: Clemson-class destroyer, spec block 1,308 t full load, 314'4-1/2" x 30'11-1/2" x 9'4" mean, 34.16 kt trial, armament 4x4"/1x3"/12x21" tt, complement 122. Laid down 19 December 1918 at Quincy, Mass., by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp.; named Turner 15 May 1919; launched 17 May 1919 (sponsor Mrs. Leigh C. Palmer, wife of the Chief of the Bureau of Navigation); delivered to the Navy at Boston Navy Yard 23 September 1919; commissioned there 24 September 1919, Lt. Cmdr. Mark L. Hersey, Jr. in command. Duty along east and west coasts; designated DD-259 on 17 July 1920; rotating reserve, Destroyer Division 29, Squadron 4, Flotilla 2, Destroyer Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet; decommissioned San Diego 7 June 1922 and placed in reserve; name stricken from the Navy Register 5 August 1936. Authorized 28 September 1936 for conversion to a non-self-propelled water barge (80,000-gallon capacity); conversion completed at San Diego 23 October 1936; reclassified unnamed district craft YW-56; assigned Eleventh Naval District 17 October 1940; mobility restored May 1942 with added ferry duty San Diego-San Clemente Island; named Moosehead and redesignated IX-98 on 13 February 1943.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1918-1943
- Population
- Bethlehem/Fore River construction trades 1918-19; crews 1919-1922 (design complement 122); district-craft complement 1936-1943 undocumented
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. Spec-block beam (30'11-1/2") is class-inconsistent and complement (122) differs from NavSource (114) and the class design sheet (101) - carried in gaps. Live NHHC page 404s (standing NHHC link rot per Batch-01); Wayback capture cited. The YW-56 'non-self-propelled' designation vs 'mobility restored' May 1942 is reconciled within DANFS itself (propulsion restored for ferry duty).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-01
-
[3]DANFS, Moosehead II (IX-98) (specifications block + full service narrative 1943-1948; NHHC page updated by Robert J. Cressman 11 January 2024; live NHHC page returns 404 at research time - canonical text verified via Wayback capture 2024-05-25) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, specifications block + full service narrative (canonical: history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/m/moosehead-ii.html via Wayback capture 20240525052400)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull's second commissioned identity: YW-56 (ex-Turner DD-259) named Moosehead and redesignated miscellaneous vessel IX-98 on 13 February 1943; spec block 1,868 t, 314'4" x 31'8" x 11'2", 22 kt, complement 197, armament (Feb 1945) 2x3", 4x20mm, 4 dcp, 2 Mk.20 rocket launchers. Commissioned at Destroyer Base, San Diego, 5 April 1943 after installation of sonar and radar equipment; COTCPac duty from 11 April 1943, flagship for Rear Adm. Frank A. Braisted from 23 April 1943. May 1943-December 1944: Service Squadron 2, average 11 round trips/month San Diego-San Clemente Island carrying passengers, mail, cargo. Temporary U.S. Pacific Fleet assignment January 1944; August 1944-early 1945 target towing for battleships/cruisers/destroyers, torpedo target duty, and shakedown screening. From July 1943 trained Combat Information Center crews - CVEs of the Casablanca and Commencement Bay classes, expanded early 1944 to APA/AKA/DE/AD/AV/AVP/PCE CIC teams - with radar/sonar installed in the former No. 1 fireroom plus a CIC classroom and trainee berthing; also test-evaluation platform for experimental rockets, radar equipment, and radio jamming devices. Career totals: >100,000 miles steamed, 16,360 passengers transported, 1,466 officers and 2,813 enlisted trained. Ordered to Eleventh Naval District for disposal 4 December 1945; decommissioned San Diego 19 March 1946; stricken from the Navy Register 17 April 1946; released to the Maritime Commission 20 February 1947 and sold the same day to Hugo Neu for scrapping, accomplished by 31 December 1948.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1943-1948
- Population
- IX-98 complement 197; CIC trainees 1,466 officers + 2,813 enlisted (1943-46); 16,360 passengers carried
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. The documented WWII training population (1,466 officers + 2,813 enlisted) plus own complement of 197 is the largest crew-exposure-relevant population for this hull - but no asbestos condition aboard is documented. Displacement/complement figures differ from the destroyer-era spec block - configuration-dependent figures carried in gaps. Wayback capture cited; live NHHC page 404s.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-02
-
[4]NHHC Online Library photograph records: NH 84197 (USS Moosehead IX-98, ex-Turner DD-259, circa April 1943, Mark 4 'FD' radar antenna atop midships deckhouse; copied from Alden, 'Flush Decks and Four Pipes', p.54); NH 95609 (water barge YW-56 ex-Turner at Destroyer Base San Diego, 9 April 1941, 'stripped of all armament, and retains her forward stack'); NH 80014 (Turner DD-259 circa 1919-21, original destroyer configuration) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC Online Library picture data, photos NH 84197, NH 95609, NH 80014 (ibiblio.org HyperWar mirror of history.navy.mil picture-data pages)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official NHHC photograph records document this hull's three physical configurations: as-built destroyer (NH 80014, 1919-21); water barge YW-56 stripped of all armament retaining one stack (NH 95609, 9 April 1941, Destroyer Base San Diego); and radar/sonar training vessel IX-98 with Mark 4 'FD' antenna amidships and a 4"/50 gun forward (NH 84197, April 1943). The captions corroborate the DANFS conversion narrative - the 1936 conversion removed armament, most of the superstructure, and all but one stack, and the 1943 refit installed electronics in the former No. 1 fireroom.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1936-1943 (conversions); photographs 1919-1943
- Population
- Conversion-yard workers (San Diego, 1936 and 1943 - facility undocumented in sources)
- Limitations
- Photograph records corroborate configuration changes only - they contain no materials, insulation, or asbestos information. The gutting/refit they document are machinery-disturbance events of the kind that encounter original insulation, but no asbestos-specific work package exists for either conversion. Mirror transcriptions of NHHC picture-data pages cited (live NHHC photo pages return 404 at research time).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-03
-
[5]'USA - DD Wickes & Clemson Class Booklet of General Plans (1919)' - Navy Yard, Newport News, Virginia, 1 October 1919; digitized in the Internet Archive ship-design-drawings collection (NARA 'Plans for Flush Deckers' file unit, RG 19 Alphabetical Series of Ship Engineering Drawings) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archive.org item ddflushdeckersbogp1919 (10 sheets; sheet '02 - general information' machinery/boiler/complement blocks examined)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The class design drawings for the flush-deck destroyer program are publicly accessible: a ten-sheet Navy Yard Newport News Booklet of General Plans dated 1 October 1919 - the year this hull launched - covering general information, outboard/inboard profiles, decks, hold, and midship section for the Wickes & Clemson classes. The general-information sheet (examined 2026-09-27) documents the class machinery fit: four White-Forster boilers; 2 HP + 2 LP Westinghouse geared turbines; 27,000 shp total; two propellers; class complement 101. The set is general-arrangement drawings, not a materials schedule - no insulation or lagging callouts were located on the general-information sheet reviewed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919 (drawing date)
- Limitations
- Class-level design drawings, not this hull's own plans - and the sheet examined contains no materials/insulation schedule, so it does not document asbestos. It establishes that the class design artifact exists and is accessible; it neither proves nor disproves asbestos content aboard DD-259. Whether a hull-specific Booklet of General Plans exists for DD-259 at NARA is unverified (catalog API unreachable at research time - sister-hull DD-230's 1935 BoGP is a verified NARA holding, NAID 167818152). Scan is blueprint imagery; OCR not reliable.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-04
-
[6]Class BoGP general-information sheet (four White-Forster boilers; Westinghouse geared turbines; 27,000 shp; twin screws) + Atlas shipyard dataset records (bethlehem-shipbuilding, fore-river-shipyard, boston-naval-shipyard - all tier-3 asbestos-documented) + DANFS conversion narrative [other_primary]
- Locator
- Class BoGP sheet 02 (examined); shipyards.json records 'bethlehem-shipbuilding', 'fore-river-shipyard', 'boston-naval-shipyard'; DANFS Turner I / Moosehead II conversion narratives
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: a Clemson-class destroyer built 1918-19 carried a WWI-era steam plant (class design per the 1919 BoGP general-information sheet: four White-Forster boilers feeding Westinghouse geared turbines, 27,000 shp, twin screws) of the period in which asbestos lagging on boilers and steam lines, gaskets, packing, and fireproofing were standard shipbuilding practice. Unlike the same-batch sister hulls, every yard documented working on this hull IS asbestos-documented in the Atlas dataset: builder-of-record bethlehem-shipbuilding (tier 3, asbestos product list incl. lagging/gaskets/packing/Marinite), physical yard fore-river-shipyard (tier 3, litigation-documented), and delivery/commissioning site boston-naval-shipyard (tier 3, litigation-documented). DANFS documents two large machinery-disturbance events aboard this hull - the 1936 conversion removing armament, most superstructure, and all but one stack, and the 1943 refit converting the No. 1 fireroom to electronics spaces - the class of work that encounters original insulation, though no asbestos-specific work package exists.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1918-1948
- Population
- Bethlehem/Fore River construction trades 1918-19; San Diego conversion-yard workers 1936 and 1943; crews 1919-1946
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - no ship-specific asbestos finding exists for this hull. WWI-era asbestos use on steam plants is era-standard inference; the documented conversions are described by DANFS and NHHC photos without yard, contractor, or work-package detail, and do not establish asbestos disturbance aboard this hull. Yard-level asbestos documentation describes conditions at the yards, not materials aboard this ship.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-05
-
[7]GAO HRD-80-2, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure' (18 October 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- gao.gov product page HRD-80-2 (product abstract); full PDF blocked by 403
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Program-level record of Navy asbestos use and policy: GAO reported that thermal insulation was the Navy's major use of asbestos aboard ships, that the Navy's October 1975 policy was to remove and replace asbestos insulation only when damaged or when removal was required for repairs (modified January 1979 to selectively replace insulation in high-maintenance areas), that an estimated 30-50 percent of shipboard asbestos insulation normally remains untouched through a ship's life, and that the Navy estimated a fleet-wide removal program at $2 billion. Fieldwork was conducted at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1975-1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (Long Beach, Norfolk), 1979 fieldwork - program-level
- Limitations
- Navy-program-level document post-dating this hull's 1948 disposal by three decades - it describes asbestos policy for the late-1970s fleet, not materials aboard a ship scrapped in 1947-48. Full-text fetch of gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated requests (standing, per Batch-01); content verified from the product-page abstract. No hull-specific content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-06
-
[8]National Archives, 'Vessel and Station Log Books' guidance (RG 24 Entry 118 / Special List #44 covering logs through 1940 at Archives I; post-1941 deck logs at Archives II, College Park) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov logbook guidance; RG 24 Entry 118 / Special List #44; post-1941 deck logs at Archives II
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Turner's logbooks/deck logs for her three service periods (1919-1922 destroyer; 1936-1943 YW-56 district craft; 1943-1946 IX-98), if extant, sit in NARA RG 24 holdings: logs through 1940 in RG 24 Entry 118 (NAID 581208, Special List #44) at Archives I (Washington, DC); 1941-and-later deck logs at Archives II (College Park). Deck logs can document yard availabilities, maintenance periods, and the 1936/1943 conversion evolutions relevant to disturbance-era questions for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1919-1946 (record coverage)
- Limitations
- Series-level lead only - whether DD-259/YW-56/IX-98 log file units are extant or digitized was not verified (NARA catalog API unreachable at research time - returns SPA HTML to programmatic queries). Deck logs document events, not materials; even a located log would not itself establish asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-07
-
[9]Batch-3258 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS Turner I + Moosehead II (canonical via Wayback captures); NHHC Online Library photograph records; hazegray/losthistory.net DANFS mirror; Naval Vessel Register; Internet Archive class BoGP (sheet examined); NARA catalog/logbook guidance; NavSource; Atlas shipyard dataset; general web for surveys/abatement/disposal records and litigation leads [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-turner-dd259-01 through sl-uss-turner-dd259-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, shipyard work package, industrial-hygiene study, museum hazmat disclosure, post-disposal environmental record, or qualifying litigation naming DD-259, YW-56, or IX-98/Moosehead was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull was sold for scrap 20 February 1947 and broken up by 31 December 1948; no structure survives to survey.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard during service - era inference (ev-05) argues period-standard asbestos use, and the documented 1936/1943 conversions are unresolved disturbance events. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-08
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 sweep (cl-auth-search.py, authenticated): exact-name and hull-number opinion queries executed; docket-type and remaining variant queries blocked by fleet-wide pacing at research time [court_record]
- Locator
- cl-auth-search.py: '"USS Turner"' type=o count=0; '"DD-259"' type=o count=0; '"USS Moosehead"' type=o count=0; '"YW-56" OR "IX-98"' type=o count=7 (all name collisions) on 2026-09-27; remaining queued queries returned exit 2 (fleet pacing stand-down)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Partial CourtListener sweep: exact-phrase opinion queries '"USS Turner"', '"DD-259"', and '"USS Moosehead"' (type=o) executed and each returned zero results - no opinion in the CourtListener index names this hull, its hull number, or its IX-98 identity exactly. The combined query '"YW-56" OR "IX-98"' (type=o) returned 7 hits, all name collisions on inspection (bankruptcy docket/exhibit numbers, a hospital tobacco case, a habeas petition - none referencing a vessel or asbestos). Queued variants ('U.S.S. Turner', 'aboard the Turner'; type=o and type=r docket passes) were stood down by fleet-wide pacing and did not execute. 'Turner' is a high-collision legal name (common surname; the name USS Turner is also shared by DD-648, sunk by internal explosion 3 January 1944, and DD-834, a Gearing-class destroyer commissioned 1953), so queries were run as exact-phrase to limit collision noise.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Sweep is PARTIALLY executed - the exact-name opinion negatives are real (4 queries: 3 zero-hit, 1 all-collisions) but the docket index (type=r, where pleading-stage ship references live) and spelling-variant queries are unsearched. The litigation negative for this hull is therefore established for the exact-name opinion index only; a supplemental pass is the open task. Even a located docket would be a pleading-stage allegation unless an opinion adjudicates it. Any future 'USS Turner' hit requires hull attribution: WWII-era or 1953+ service points to DD-648 or DD-834, not DD-259 (in commission as a district craft/auxiliary 1936-1946 under a different name).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-turner-dd259-09