Evidence
16 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-16).
-
[1]research packet 1061-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-yms-382-yms382-pkt-1061-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, YMS-382 - milestone timeline, specifications, transfer and loss narrative (live page verified 200 on 2026-10-04) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19382.htm - 'YMS-1 Class Auxiliary Motor Minesweeper' entry, specifications block, and photo caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 29 June 1943 by Greenport Basin and Construction Co., Greenport, NY; launched 21 August 1943; completed 18 November 1943 and commissioned USS YMS-382; transferred to Norway 22 March 1945 and reclassified NYMS-382 under LT T. Sjovold; sunk at 2145 hours 7 May 1945 in the English Channel off Lyme Bay by a 'Gnat' from German submarine U-1023 at 50 deg 22' N, 03 deg 09' W; 'The commander and 21 crew members were lost. Ten injured survivors were picked up by the HNoMS NYMS-379 and HNoMS NYMS-381.' Struck from the Naval Register 7 February 1946. NavSource identifies NYMS-382 as 'the last Allied warship sunk by a German U-boat' (U-1023, Kptlt. Heinrich-Andreas Schroeteler). Specifications: displacement 270 t; length 136'; beam 24'6"; draft 8'; speed 15 kts; complement 32; armament one 3"/50 DP mount, two 20mm, two depth-charge projectors; propulsion two 880bhp General Motors 8-268A diesels, Snow and Knobstedt single-reduction gear, two shafts. Page states 'There is no DANFS history available for YMS-382.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Greenport Basin construction trades (1943); US Navy crew (Nov 1943 - Mar 1945); Royal Norwegian Navy crew (Mar - May 1945)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry; milestone dates are consistent with uboat.net, shipbuildinghistory, and SNL. No asbestos content. 'Last Allied warship' characterization is NavSource's framing - consistent with the documented sequence (NYMS-382 sunk 2145 on 7 May; the later sinkings that night, merchantmen Avondale Park and Sneland by U-2336, were not warships). Power figure '880bhp' conflicts with class references giving 2 x 440 bhp - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-01
-
[3]National Archives, 'Special List #44, by Ship Numbers' (list of logbooks of U.S. Navy ships, stations, and miscellaneous units, 1801-1947), p. 120 [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf p. 120: 'YMS-382 11/20/1943 2/28/1945' (verified by direct PDF text extraction 2026-10-04); NARA deck-log index checked for digitized volumes - none listed
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List 44 (ship-number edition) inventories US Navy deck logs for YMS-382 covering 11/20/1943 - 2/28/1945 - i.e., the hull's entire US Navy career from commissioning (18 Nov 1943) to just before transfer to Norway (22 Mar 1945). These logs exist in RG 24 entry 118 custody at NARA (College Park for 1941+) but are not digitized; YMS-382 does not appear in the online deck-log catalog (only YMS hulls renamed AMS/MSCO are listed under later names).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-11-20 to 1945-02-28
- Population
- US Navy crew, Nov 1943 - Feb 1945
- Limitations
- Inventory-level documentation: proves the deck logs exist and their coverage, but their contents were not examined (not digitized; would require College Park pull). The log window ends ~3 weeks before the Norwegian transfer - the sinking itself falls outside US Navy logs. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-02
-
[4]Allied Expeditionary Force, Western Naval Task Force (CTF-122), Operation Plan No. 2-44 (NEPTUNE), Task Organization, 21 April 1944, USS Augusta flagship, Plymouth (HyperWar transcription); with Annex L Communication Plan (ONCOWEST), Serial 00144, 3 May 1944 (OpPlan-2-44-L.html) [other_primary]
- Locator
- OpPlan-2-44-1.html Task Organization, Assault Force 'U' (TF 125) section; OpPlan-2-44-L.html call-sign tables (sheets 5-6); OpPlan-2-44-G.html Appendix 4 Table I serial 42
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official Operation NEPTUNE task organization places YMS-382 in 'Y1 Flotilla 305, 356, 358, 375, 377, 378, 379, 360, 381, 382, 406(F)' (11 YMS) under Assault Force 'U' (Task Force 125, Rear Admiral Moon, USN) - the Utah Beach assault force. Annex L (Communication Plan, 3 May 1944) assigns YMS-382 call sign 1D2 in the ONCOWEST circuit tables. The plan's minesweeping schedule (Annex G, Appendix 4, Table I) tasks 'Y Squadron' (the US YMS units) with sweeping the boat lane for assault craft and the fire-support channel between H-4.5 and H-1 hours on D-Day; fleet minesweepers were to precede each assault force across suspected minefields.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- US Navy crew during Normandy build-up and assault (Apr-Jun 1944)
- Limitations
- Documented at plan level: the operation plan proves YMS-382 was an assigned unit of Y1 Flotilla, Assault Force U, for the Normandy assault - it does not by itself prove a specific sweep track or that she completed a particular serial. Y Squadron's planned task (serial order 42) is a unit assignment; individual hull performance on 6 June 1944 is not separately documented here. A veteran obituary (Geane B. Gill, 2020) independently states a crewman served aboard 'USS YMS 382 that blew the mines before the landing of Utah Beach' - consistent but unofficial. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-03
-
[5]uboat.net, HNoMS NYMS-382 event record (ships-hit database, ship 3510) + U-1023 boat page and successes page (boats/u1023.htm; boats/successes/u1023.html) + USS YMS-382 warship page (allies/warships/ship/9801.html) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net ship/3510 event notes; boats/u1023.htm (patrol, commander, fate); boats/successes/u1023.html (2 victims); allies/warships/ship/9801.html (US record)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Loss event: at 21.45 hours on 7 May 1945, HNoMS NYMS-382 (Lt Trygve Sjovold) was hit by a Gnat acoustic torpedo from U-1023 and sank within two minutes off Lyme Bay at 50 deg 22' N, 3 deg 09' W (grid BF 35). The commander and 21 crew members were lost; ten injured survivors were picked up by HNoMS NYMS-379 and HNoMS NYMS-381 of the 3rd Minesweeping Unit stationed in Cherbourg, to which the minesweeper also belonged. Complement listed as 32 officers and men (22 dead, 10 survivors). uboat.net warship record: USS YMS-382 ordered 13 Apr 1942; laid down 29 Jun 1943; launched 21 Aug 1943; commissioned 18 Nov 1943; transferred to Norway 22 Mar 1945 as NYMS-382. U-1023 (Type VIIC/41, Kptlt. Heinrich-Andreas Schroeteler) was on its only war patrol (departed Bergen 25 Mar 1945); its other victim was merchant Riverton (7,345 GRT, damaged 23 Apr 1945, convoy TBC-135). U-1023 surrendered at Weymouth 10 May 1945 and foundered under Operation Deadlight 7 Jan 1946 at 55.49N, 08.24W.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-05-07 (loss); 1945-05-10 (U-1023 surrender); 1946-01-07 (U-1023 Deadlight sinking)
- Population
- Royal Norwegian Navy crew at loss - 32 aboard (22 killed incl. Lt Sjovold, 10 wounded survivors)
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a specialist reference work (Guomundur Helgason) widely used for U-boat loss records, not a government source; its event details here are consistent with NavSource, SNL, naval-history.net, and Aftenposten. Norwegian casualty names independently corroborated by naval-history.net (compiled by Atle Wilmar). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-04
-
[6]Store norske leksikon (Norwegian national encyclopedia), 'Norges sjokrig under andre verdenskrig' (Norway's naval war in WWII), minesweeper section [reputable_press]
- Locator
- snl.no/Norges_sjokrig_under_andre_verdenskrig, 'Marinens minesveipere' section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- SNL documents the Norwegian context: in March 1945 a Norwegian minesweeper division was formed with four American-built vessels (the NYMS craft); until 7 May they swept mines and patrolled the English Channel; a German U-boat torpedoed and sank one of them 'pa tross av ubatsjef Karl Donitz' ordre' (despite U-boat chief Karl Donitz's order - the 4 May 1945 order recalling all U-boats to port); 'Ti sarede overlevde, mens 22 gikk ned med baten' - ten wounded survived while 22 went down with the boat.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-03 to 1945-05
- Population
- Royal Norwegian Navy crews of the NYMS division
- Limitations
- National-encyclopedia level corroboration of the division organization, the Donitz cease-operations order, and the casualty count; does not name YMS-382 by hull number (refers to 'a Norwegian minesweeper'), so ship-level linkage rests on the uboat.net/NavSource records. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-05
-
[7]Aftenposten (Oslo), 'Torpedert kun timer for krigens slutt' (Torpedoed only hours before war's end), Even Hagen, published 6 May 2022; photo credit Marinemuseet, Horten [reputable_press]
- Locator
- Article lede + first two paragraphs (free portion)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Norwegian press coverage confirms: in late March 1945 the Norwegian navy took over four American-built minesweepers designated Norwegian Yard Mine Sweeper (NYMS) numbered 379 to 382, operating together as 3. minesveiperdivisjon (3rd Minesweeper Division); from operational readiness they patrolled the English Channel, sweeping mines by day and on patrol duty at night; the ship was torpedoed in the Channel only hours before the German capitulation of 8 May 1945 - '22 personer omkom da skipet eksploderte og sank' (22 died when the ship exploded and sank).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-03 to 1945-05
- Population
- Royal Norwegian Navy crews of NYMS 379-382
- Limitations
- Article is partially paywalled; visible lede and first paragraphs were extracted. Corroborates division composition (NYMS 379-382), operating pattern (day sweeps/night patrols), and the 22-fatality toll. Photo credited to the Norwegian Naval Museum (Marinemuseet, Horten) - a lead for imagery. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-06
-
[8]naval-history.net, Royal Norwegian Navy casualty lists 1940-1947 (compiled by Atle Wilmar, arranged by Don Kindell), casualties-by-name section [other_primary]
- Locator
- xDKCas3000-Norwegian.htm, casualties by name (entries tagged 'NYMS.382, sunk, 7 May 1945')
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Royal Norwegian Navy casualty list names NYMS.382 dead individually - e.g., EVENSEN John Helge (U/mm), FUHR Hans (U/lt), HENRIKSEN Mons Peder, JACOBSEN Paul (U/lt), JESPERSEN Mauritz Magnus, JESPERSEN Steffen (Kvm), JOSEVOLD Snorre, KARLSEN Kristian, NORDAHL John (Kvm), and others, all 'NYMS.382, sunk, 7 May 1945' - corroborating the 22-fatality toll with named crew and ranks.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-05-07
- Population
- 22 deceased Norwegian crew
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled casualty list derived from Norwegian records; consistent with uboat.net's 22-dead/10-survivors accounting. Individual names establish the crew loss, not any exposure pathway. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-07
-
[9]Shipbuilding History (Tim Colton), 'Yard Minesweepers' build table + 'Greenport Basin & Construction Co.' yard page (shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/small/greenport.htm) [other_primary]
- Locator
- us-navy-small/ym/ table row YMS-382; shipyards/small/greenport.htm row 'YMS 382 ... To Norway 1945 as NYMS 382, torpedoed and lost 7 May 1945'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder-roster confirmation: YMS-382 row - Greenport Basin, Greenport NY, 136 ft, delivered 18 Nov 1943, 'to Norway 1945, torpedoed in the English Channel and lost, 7 May 1945.' Class context from the same compilation: in spring 1942-spring 1945, 35 boatyards turned out 561 wooden-hulled minesweepers of essentially one design (136 ft, ~13 kts); the Mk II series (YMS-135-445 and BYMS-31-80) had a single stack; 150 were built directly for the Royal Navy as BYMS and others went to France, the USSR, and Norway. Greenport Basin & Construction was a small wooden-boat yard (founded mid-19th century by the Brigham brothers building fishing vessels and yachts); its wartime output included AMc minesweepers, YMS boats, and tugs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Greenport Basin construction trades (1942-45)
- Limitations
- Specialist shipbuilding compilation (secondary reference, not a yard archive); build dates consistent with NavSource and uboat.net. Yard asbestos practices at Greenport Basin are not documented by this or any located source. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-08
-
[10]Buck Ashcraft San Benito Funeral Home, obituary of Geane B. Gill (1925-2020) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Obituary text, military-service paragraph
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Named-individual service corroboration: the obituary states Geane B. Gill 'was in the Normandy Invasion aboard Mine Sweeper USS YMS 382 that blew the mines before the landing of Utah Beach' - a family-supplied account consistent with the hull's documented Y1 Flotilla assignment to Assault Force U (Utah) under Operation Plan 2-44.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-06
- Population
- USS YMS-382 crew at Normandy
- Limitations
- Family-supplied obituary via a funeral-home site - personal-history source, not an official record; corroborates, does not independently establish, the Utah assignment. This is a vessel-history fact only; it is NOT an exposure record and establishes nothing about asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-09
-
[11]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications block (YMS-1 class, twin GM 8-268A diesels, wooden hull implied by class design); shipbuildinghistory class notes (561 wooden-hulled boats from 35 small yards, Mk II = YMS-135-445); GAO HRD-80-2 (Navy asbestos insulation use into the early 1970s) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19382.htm specifications; shipbuildinghistory ym/ class introduction; GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1943-built wooden-hulled diesel motor minesweeper sits inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard applications aboard a craft of this type and period: diesel exhaust and muffler lagging; engine-room machinery insulation; electrical cable and wiring insulation; flange gaskets and valve packing; brake linings on the sweeping winches and windlass; and compartment/galley insulation materials. The diesel plant means no boiler or steam-pipe lagging pathway - the asbestos footprint of a wooden YMS was substantially smaller than that of a steel steam vessel, but not zero.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (service); wreck in place 1945-present
- Population
- Greenport Basin construction trades (1943); US Navy crew (1943-45); RNN crew (1945); the wreck today (divers/salvors if disturbed)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation schedule, material list, survey, or work package was located for YMS-382. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution exists for this hull. No quantity. The hull sank in action and was never salvaged or surveyed - presence, quantity, and condition of any asbestos aboard the wreck are unestablished.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-10
-
[12]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403, reconfirmed 2026-10-04)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire 1943 construction and 1943-45 service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved this session - gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch (standing defect since Batch 01); content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-11
-
[13]Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 (Designation of Vessels and Controlled Sites) Order 2026, SI 2026/286, Schedule 1 (in force 30 Mar 2026) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SI 2026/286 Schedule 1 (designated vessels); PMRA 1986 s.1 (legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1986/35/section/1)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- NYMS-382 is NOT on the designated-vessel schedule of the current PMRA order (SI 2026/286 supersedes prior designation orders; zero NYMS/KNM/YMS entries in Schedule 1 - verified by full-text check of the instrument PDF). The wreck, lying in UK waters in Lyme Bay, is a de facto maritime war grave but carries no statutory 'protected place' designation. Foreign warships sunk in UK waters in military service are eligible for designation under s.1(3)(b) PMRA 1986, but designation is discretionary and has not been made.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026 (designation check); wreck in place since 1945
- Population
- 22 deceased crew - wreck as grave site
- Limitations
- Documents legal status only. Non-designation does not imply the wreck has been disturbed or salvaged; no salvage/abatement record was located either way. Protection under Norwegian war-grave practice was not verified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-12
-
[14]NavSource YMS-382 entry, parenthetical NVR note [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19382.htm loss-note parenthetical
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- RECORD QUIRK: NavSource notes 'Naval Vessel Register of 1 January 1949 lists date of loss as 17 January 1946' while also giving 'Struck from the Naval Register 7 February 1946.' The actual loss was 7 May 1945 (uboat.net, NavSource, SNL consistent). The 17 Jan 1946 'date of loss' in the 1949 NVR is an administrative entry, not the casualty date - the boat was sunk eight months earlier while transferred (loaned) to the Royal Norwegian Navy. The NVR's persistence of the hull to January 1949 is consistent with the US retaining title pending Norway's formal 1948 purchase of the surviving NYMS boats.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-05-07 to 1949-01-01 (administrative window)
- Limitations
- The 1949 NVR entry itself was verified only as reported by NavSource - the register volume was not independently fetched. The 1948-purchase framing for the surviving NYMS group rests on secondary sourcing (Norwegian class summaries); treat as plausible context, not established fact for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-13
-
[15]CourtListener API v4 via fleet-authenticated helper (cl-auth-search.py): base queries 'USS YMS-382' and 'YMS-382' against opinion (type=o) and docket (type=r) indexes [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-yms-382-10 through -13
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Litigation status OPEN — not searched to completion. The four required base queries (exact-name 'USS YMS-382' opinion and docket; hull-number 'YMS-382' opinion and docket, --limit 20 each) were attempted through the fleet-authenticated helper but the fleet-wide request budget was pace-exhausted on every attempt this session (four attempts over ~40 minutes; helper returned 'COURTLISTENER PACING ... momentarily spent'). No results were returned, so no hits could be classified. This is a blocked search, not a negative result.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- Do not read as 'no litigation exists.' The queries never executed; litigation status is unsearched and open. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case and no law-firm marketing coverage of this hull, but that is not a docket-level check. A future session should re-run the same four base queries through cl-auth-search.py.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-14
-
[16]Batch-9017 search ledger (this record): NARA Special List 44 PDF; OpPlan 2-44 task organization and Annex L (HyperWar); NavSource; uboat.net (warship + event + U-1023 + successes); SNL; Aftenposten; naval-history.net; shipbuildinghistory (YMS index + Greenport yard); legislation.gov.uk SI 2026/286; NHHC DANFS attempts; NARA online deck-log catalog; secondary web sweeps; funeral-home obituary [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-yms-382-01 through -18
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, insulation schedule, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS YMS-382 / NYMS-382 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull sank in action in 1945 and was never salvaged, converted, or museum-preserved - pathways that generate asbestos documentation for surviving hulls do not exist here. Notably, even the law-firm marketing listicles that name asbestos-bearing ships do not include YMS-382 - the web sweep surfaced zero 'asbestos aboard' claims of any provenance for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era inference (1943 US construction, Navy asbestos-use era) remains reasonable but unproven for this hull. The wreck's undisturbed state means whatever was installed aboard presumably remains, underwater, at the charted loss position. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-382-15