Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 1070-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-yms-435-yms435-pkt-1070-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, YMS-435 - construction timeline, transfer, Soviet service, specifications (live-verified via fetch) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19435.htm header timeline, specifications block, photo caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 11 May 1944 by J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma, WA; launched 30 September 1944; completed 5 March 1945; 'Transferred on Lend-Lease to the Soviet Union 15 May 1945 and reclassified T-526'; assigned to the Northern Pacific Fleet 5 June 1945; 'participated in the Yuzhno-Sakhalin, Japan 11 - 25 August 1945 offensive operation'; placed out of service 17 October 1955 and laid up; scrapped 11 July 1956; struck from the Navy Register 29 October 1956. Call sign Nan-Queen-Xray-Queen. Specifications: 270 t., 136' x 24'6" x 8', 15 kts, complement 32, one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, two 20mm mounts, two depth-charge projectors, two 880bhp General Motors 8-268A diesels with Snow and Knobstedt single reduction gear, two shafts. Page credits a T-526 line drawing to Berezhnoi's 'Flot SSSR, Korabli i suda lendliza' and states no DANFS history exists for YMS-435.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-1956
- Population
- Martinac construction trades (1944); USN crew (Mar-May 1945); Soviet crew (1945-55); Soviet disposal workers (1956)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates generally track official records but the 15 May transfer date conflicts with the NHHC Project Hula appendix (ditto under 17 May) and with the Berezhnoi-derived Soviet crew-acceptance date of 16 May (see ev-03, ev-05 and gaps). 'Completed' vs 'commissioned' wording noted. Contains no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-01
-
[3]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947 (Washington, DC, 1978) - Ships by Signal Number Designation, YMS entries (ACPL Genealogy Center digitized page scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- ACPL digitization, Special List 44 'Ships by Signal Number Designation' T-Y section, printed p. 523 (scan 555); canonical SL44 PDF p. 121; archives.gov file URL https://www.archives.gov/files/research/military/logbooks/special-list-44.pdf (404 on 2026-10-04)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List 44 inventories one deck-log book for YMS-435 covering 3/5/1945 - 5/16/1945 (one logbook). The span matches this hull's entire U.S. Navy career - commission (5 Mar 1945) through the Lend-Lease transfer day (Soviet crew acceptance 16 May per Berezhnoi-derived data). This establishes that WWII-era logbooks exist at NARA (RG 24 coverage) for the hull's ten-week U.S. commission.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945 (log coverage); 1978 (publication)
- Population
- USN crew (Mar-May 1945)
- Limitations
- Finding aid only - documents existence and date coverage of the logbook, not its contents; the logbook itself was not located in digitized form (NARA catalog search returned no digitized item). No asbestos content. Citation path: the canonical archives.gov SL44 PDF (previously fetched in batch sessions; 'YMS-435 3/5/1945 5/16/1945' verified at PDF p.121) currently returns HTTP 404 (verified 2026-10-04); the live-verified access path is the ACPL Genealogy Center page-image scan, printed p. 523 (scan 555), where the same row appears.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-02
-
[4]Russell, Richard A., Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, U.S. Navy in the Modern World Series No. 4, Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy, Washington, 1997 (HyperWar/ibiblio mirror of the official Navy history; live NHHC copies return 404) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Russell, Project Hula, appendix table, book p. 40 (PDF p. 45)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The appendix table 'U.S. Navy Combatant Ships Transferred to the USSR Under Project HULA, May-September 1945' lists this hull as 'YMS 435 -> T-526' with the transfer date carried by ditto mark under YMS 143's '17 May' and disposition ditto '1956-stricken'. The table's own source note cites Department of the Navy Ships Data: U.S. Naval Vessels vol. II, 1 January 1949 (NAVSHIPS 250-012) and Berezhnoi, Flot SSSR: Korabli i suda lendliza (1994) - i.e., both U.S. and Soviet-side records.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-1956 (table coverage)
- Population
- USN crew through transfer; Soviet crew from transfer
- Limitations
- The per-hull transfer date is inherited by a printed ditto mark from the 17 May group above it - fragile typography; the date conflicts with NavSource/uboat.net (15 May) and the Berezhnoi-derived crew-acceptance date (16 May, matching the U.S. deck-log close). Read as 'transferred in the mid-May 1945 group' rather than a precise per-hull date. No asbestos content. Mirror of the NHHC publication; live NHHC URLs 404 (standing NHHC link-rot defect).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-03
-
[5]Russell, Richard A., Project Hula (Naval Historical Center, 1997) - program narrative: Detachment 3294, Cold Bay; transferred-ship counts; convoy departures; Soviet employment of the YMS type [other_primary]
- Locator
- Russell, Project Hula: 36-YMS roster book p. 14 (PDF p. 19); 28-May convoy book p. 22 (PDF p. 27); YMS-143/T-522 photo caption book p. 29 (PDF p. 34); 'wooden-hulled YMSs' passage book p. 34 (PDF p. 39); 149-ships/142-days summary book p. 35 (PDF p. 40); appendix table pp. 39-40
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Program context for this hull's transfer: U.S. Navy Detachment 3294 at Cold Bay, Alaska, trained some 12,000 Soviet Navy personnel and transferred 149 ships in 142 days (16 April - 4 September 1945) under Project Hula; the original roster included 36 'wooden-hulled motor minesweepers (YMS).' The first Cold Bay-to-Petropavlovsk convoy departed 28 May 1945 carrying three minesweepers and five motor minesweepers; smaller vessels including YMSs staged via Adak. On Soviet employment: 'under Soviet colors, the wooden-hulled YMSs performed a variety of combat, auxiliary, and scientific tasks' but 'all were decommissioned by the mid-1950s'; sister hull YMS-143 as T-522 is the book's documented example of YMS participation in the southern Sakhalin operation of 11-25 August 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- USN Det 3294 personnel; Soviet crews (~12,000 trained)
- Limitations
- Program-level narrative; YMS-435 is not named in the narrative text. The five YMS hulls transferred by 22 May 1945 (143, 144, 428, 435, 145) are consistent with the 28 May convoy's five motor minesweepers, but Russell does not list convoy membership by hull - that assignment is inference, flagged here and in gaps. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-04
-
[6]sewar.ru (Russian-language WWII Soviet arms reference reproducing Berezhnoi, Flot SSSR: Korabli i suda lendliza), entry 'Tip "YMS". T-526 (do 13.02.1945 g. "YMS-435")' - Soviet-service record of this hull (live-verified, HTTP 200) [other_primary]
- Locator
- sewar.ru tralshchiki entry 1402, T-526/YMS-435 (verbatim Cyrillic text extracted via fetch 2026-10-04)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Berezhnoi-derived Soviet-side record for this hull: laid down 11.05.1944 (Tacoma, USA); launched 30.09.1944; entered service 5.03.1945; '16.05.1945 accepted by the Soviet crew under Lend-Lease deliveries'; '5.06.1945 arrived at Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and joined the STOF [Northern Pacific Flotilla]'; 'participated in the Yuzhno-Sakhalin offensive operation 11-25.08.1945'; '17.10.1955 withdrawn from combat composition and mothballed'; '11.07.1956 disarmed and removed from the VMF list due to transfer to the fund-property department [OFI]' (i.e., for disposal).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-1956
- Population
- Soviet crew (1945-55); Soviet disposal workers (1956)
- Limitations
- Russian-language secondary reference reproducing Berezhnoi's standard work on Lend-Lease vessels - the same source NavSource credits for its T-526 data and Russell cites in his table note. The 16 May 1945 Soviet crew-acceptance date matches the U.S. deck-log close (SL44) and conflicts with NavSource/uboat.net (15 May) and the Russell appendix ditto (17 May) - unresolved, see gaps. Title parenthetical 'do 13.02.1945 g.' (until 13 Feb 1945 'YMS-435') is unexplained - predates U.S. commissioning and is not propagated. Soviet archival records not independently verified. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-05
-
[7]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (twin GM 8-268A diesels, two shafts - diesel plant, no steam); Russell, Project Hula ('wooden-hulled motor minesweepers'); Corn & Starr 1987 (WWII shipbuilding asbestos era); absence of any hull-specific material record [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19435.htm specifications; Russell pp. 8/appendix (wooden-hulled YMS); Corn & Starr AJIM 11(3):359-373 (1987)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A wooden-hulled diesel-driven auxiliary motor minesweeper built 1944-45 sits inside the WWII shipbuilding asbestos era but carries the narrowest exposure-relevant plant in the combatant fleet: no boilers and no steam system, so boiler insulation, steam-line lagging, and turbine insulation - the dominant pathways on steam vessels - are absent by design. Era-standard applications possible aboard a small wooden combatant of this period are limited to diesel-exhaust lagging, machinery gaskets and valve packing, electrical insulation, and brake linings on deck machinery (winch/windlass).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-1956
- Population
- Martinac construction trades (1944); USN crew (Mar-May 1945); Soviet crew (1945-55); Soviet disposal workers (1956)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work package located for YMS-435. Names era-standard possible applications, not confirmed installed materials; wooden-hull construction substantially reduces the asbestos footprint relative to steel steam ships, and this record asserts no ship-proven presence. No quantity. No manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-06
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this wooden motor minesweeper was mass-produced at a small-boat yard holding Navy minesweeper contracts.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or this yard, does not distinguish wooden-hulled small craft from the steel steam construction that dominates the documented exposure profile, and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-07
-
[9]HistoryLink.org File 22440, 'J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corporation (Tacoma)' - professionally edited Washington State historical encyclopedia [reputable_press]
- Locator
- HistoryLink file 22440, 'World War II' section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder context: J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma, was a wooden-vessel yard that won its first Navy contract in summer 1941 for four 135-foot wooden minesweepers (first delivery YMS-125, launched 18 December 1941), received successive orders for additional minesweepers (YMS-216 the first of the follow-on contract), and continued the minesweeper program into 1945 - the program under which this hull was built. Martinac used fir and red oak planking and emphasized non-ferrous metals to reduce magnetic signature on its minesweepers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1941-1945
- Population
- Martinac construction trades (1941-45)
- Limitations
- Yard-level background only - documents the builder and the wooden-minesweeper construction program; YMS-435 is not named in the article, and the article contains no asbestos, materials-list, or worker-health information. A NIOSH-type survey for this yard was not located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-08
-
[10]Correction documented by: Russell, Project Hula appendix (Naval Historical Center, 1997) assigning T-526 to ex-YMS-435 and T-336 to ex-Bombard (AM 151); NavSource Bombard (AM-151) page (live) now listing T-336; pre-1997 listings (hazegray, earlier NavSource) carried T-526 for Bombard [other_primary]
- Locator
- Russell appendix table pp. 39-40 (PDF pp. 44-45): 'YMS 435 -> T-526'; 'Bombard (AM 151) -> T-336, 1963-stricken'; NavSource 11/02151.htm (Bombard, live)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION: the Soviet designation T-526 was misattributed in Cold-War-era secondary references to ex-USS Bombard (AM-151), a different Project Hula minesweeper transferred 18 July 1945. Russell's 1997 NHHC history, using Soviet-era records (NAVSHIPS 250-012 and Berezhnoi 1994), established T-526 as the ex-YMS-435 and Bombard as T-336; the live NavSource Bombard page now shows T-336. Records built on pre-1997 lists (hazegray lineage) can carry the stale attribution - identity of this hull's Soviet service attaches to T-526 only.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1945-1997 (attribution window)
- Limitations
- Corrects a circulating designation error, not a material claim. hazegray.org is unreachable (DNS failure 2026-10-04) and the stale version of the claim could not be re-verified at source; the misattribution chain is documented in secondary literature and resolved by Russell's table. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-09
-
[11]Batch-9076 search ledger (this record): NavSource live page; NARA Special List 44 (ACPL scan + canonical PDF); Russell/NHHC Project Hula full PDF; uboat.net vessel and class pages; sewar.ru Berezhnoi-derived entry; HistoryLink 22440; NARA catalog API; NVR check; CourtListener [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-yms-435-yms435-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying litigation naming USS YMS-435 / T-526 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener: the opinion index was fully searched this session ("USS YMS-435" count=2; "YMS-435" count=56; "YMS-435 asbestos" variant count=6 - all loose-tokenization collisions, none naming the vessel or touching asbestos); the docket index ran for "YMS-435" (count=3952, all '435' digit collisions against RECAP docket numbers - no qualifying result) but the "USS YMS-435" docket query could not acquire a fleet pacing token across three 420s waits - logged as blocked in search_ledger sl-11, an open gap, not a negative. No DANFS entry exists for this hull; NVR carries no entry (hull disposed 1956, outside NVR coverage). Law-firm/listicle content asserting asbestos aboard YMS hulls generally was not used.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull's construction era and wooden/diesel design bound the possible applications narrowly. The 1945 deck logbook (NARA SL44) and any Martinac build records are undigitized leads. Soviet-side material records for T-526 were not located. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-yms-435-yms435-10